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EPUB
EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the ".epub" file extension. The term is short for ''electronic publication'' and is sometimes stylized as ''ePUB''. EPUB is supported by many e-readers, and compatible software is available for most smartphones, tablets, and computers. EPUB is a technical standard published by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF). It became an official standard of the IDPF in September 2007, superseding the older Open eBook (OEB) standard. The Book Industry Study Group endorses EPUB 3 as the format of choice for packaging content and has stated that the global book publishing industry should rally around a single standard. Technically, a file in the EPUB format is a ZIP (file format), ZIP archive file consisting of XHTML files carrying the content, along with images and other supporting files. EPUB is the most widely supported vendor-independent XML-based e-book format; it is supported by almost all hardware readers and many software readers a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E-book
An ebook (short for electronic book), also spelled as e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in electronic form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. Although sometimes defined as "an electronic version of a printed book", some e-books exist without a printed equivalent. E-books can be read on dedicated e-reader devices, also on any computer device that features a controllable viewing screen, including desktop computers, laptops, tablet computer, tablets and smartphones. In the 2000s, there was a trend of print and e-book sales moving to the Internet, where readers buy traditional paper books and e-books on websites using e-commerce systems. With print books, readers are increasingly browsing through images of the covers of books on publisher or bookstore websites and selecting and ordering titles online. The paper books are then delivered to the reader by mail or any other delivery servi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open EBook
Open eBook (OEB), or formally, the Open eBook Publication Structure (OEBPS), is a legacy e-book format which has been superseded by the EPUB format. It was "based primarily on technology developed by SoftBook Press" and on XML. OEB was released with a free version belonging to public domain and a full version to be used with or without DRM by the publishing industry. Open eBook is a ZIP file plus a Manifest file. Inside the package a defined subset of XHTML may be used, along with CSS and Dublin Core metadata. The default file extension is .opf (OEB Package Format). Specification release history * September 2007 – ''Open Publication Structure (OPS) 2.0, EPUB. Released, supersedes the OEBPS 1.2'' * August 2002 – ''OEBPS 1.2 Recommended Specification Released'' * June 2001 – ''OEBPS 1.0.1 replaces OEBPS 1.0'' * September 1999 – ''Open eBook Publication Structure (OEBPS) 1.0 released'' Reader software * SoftBook * Adobe Digital Editions * FBReader – GPL e-book reader ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Digital Publishing Forum
The International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF) was a trade and standards association for the digital publishing industry, set up to establish a standard for electronic book publishing. It was responsible for the EPUB standard currently used by most e-readers. Starting from the Open eBook (OEB) Publication Structure (1999), created loosely around HTML, it then defined the OPS (Open Publication Structure), the OPF (Open Packaging Format) and the OCF (Open Container Format). These formats are the basis for EPUB. While the basic standards are established (pages, hyperlinks, definition of table of contents, authors, etc.), the hardware field intersects with some other standards, such as those for power of the hardware reader devices, and as of 2017 are still developing. Standards for ecommerce (including digital rights management) are tied to the way the ebook is sold or delivered and are therefore controlled by vendors. On January 30, 2017, IDPF was combined with and absorbed in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zip (file Format)
ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless compression, lossless data compression. A ZIP file may contain one or more files or directories that may have been compressed. The ZIP file format permits a number of Data compression, compression algorithms, though DEFLATE is the most common. This format was originally created in 1989 and was first implemented in PKWARE, Inc.'s PKZIP utility, as a replacement for the previous ARC (file format), ARC compression format by Thom Henderson. The ZIP format was then quickly supported by many software utilities other than PKZIP. Microsoft has included built-in ZIP support (under the name "compressed folders") in versions of Microsoft Windows since 1998 via the "Plus! 98" addon for Windows 98. Native support was added as of the year 2000 in Windows ME. Apple has included built-in ZIP support in macOS, Mac OS X 10.3 (via BOMArchiveHelper, now Archive Utility) and later. Most :Free software operating systems, free operating s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Wide Web Consortium
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web. Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, the consortium is made up of member organizations that maintain full-time staff working together in the development of standards for the World Wide Web. W3C has 350 members. The organization has been led by CEO Seth Dobbs since October 2023. W3C also engages in education and outreach, develops software and serves as an open forum for discussion about the Web. History The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee after he left the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in October 1994. It was founded at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Laboratory for Computer Science with support from the European Commission, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, which had pioneered the ARPANET, the most direct predecessor to the modern Internet. It was located in Technology Square (Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DTBook
DTBook (an Acronym and initialism, acronym for ''DAISY Digital Talking Book'') or DAISY XML is a XML-based document file format. It is used in EPUB 2.0 e-books and DAISY Digital Talking Book, as well as other places. Unlike other document file formats such as open document format, ODF DTBook puts a strong emphasis on structural encoding, but in comparison to other structural file formats such as DocBook and Text Encoding Initiative, TEI it is fairly simple. DTBook was developed by the Daisy Consortium as an accessibility, accessible file format similar to HTML, with special regard to the requirements of the Visual impairment, visually impaired. Therefore, it puts an emphasis on a clear, precise navigation and the explanation of visual elements. DTBook is further developed by the Daisy Consortium and is defined with a Document Type Definition, DTD as part of the National Information Standards Organization, NISO standard Z39.86-2005 NIMAS NIMAS (National Instructional Materials Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZIP (file Format)
ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless compression, lossless data compression. A ZIP file may contain one or more files or directories that may have been compressed. The ZIP file format permits a number of Data compression, compression algorithms, though DEFLATE is the most common. This format was originally created in 1989 and was first implemented in PKWARE, Inc.'s PKZIP utility, as a replacement for the previous ARC (file format), ARC compression format by Thom Henderson. The ZIP format was then quickly supported by many software utilities other than PKZIP. Microsoft has included built-in ZIP support (under the name "compressed folders") in versions of Microsoft Windows since 1998 via the "Plus! 98" addon for Windows 98. Native support was added as of the year 2000 in Windows ME. Apple has included built-in ZIP support in macOS, Mac OS X 10.3 (via BOMArchiveHelper, now Archive Utility) and later. Most :Free software operating systems, free operating s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UTF-8
UTF-8 is a character encoding standard used for electronic communication. Defined by the Unicode Standard, the name is derived from ''Unicode Transformation Format 8-bit''. Almost every webpage is transmitted as UTF-8. UTF-8 supports all 1,112,064 valid Unicode code points using a variable-width encoding of one to four one- byte (8-bit) code units. Code points with lower numerical values, which tend to occur more frequently, are encoded using fewer bytes. It was designed for backward compatibility with ASCII: the first 128 characters of Unicode, which correspond one-to-one with ASCII, are encoded using a single byte with the same binary value as ASCII, so that a UTF-8-encoded file using only those characters is identical to an ASCII file. Most software designed for any extended ASCII can read and write UTF-8, and this results in fewer internationalization issues than any alternative text encoding. UTF-8 is dominant for all countries/languages on the internet, with 99% global ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UTF-16
UTF-16 (16-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a character encoding that supports all 1,112,064 valid code points of Unicode. The encoding is variable-length as code points are encoded with one or two ''code units''. UTF-16 arose from an earlier obsolete fixed-width 16-bit encoding now known as UCS-2 (for 2-byte Universal Character Set), once it became clear that more than 216 (65,536) code points were needed, including most emoji and important CJK characters such as for personal and place names. UTF-16 is used by the Windows API, and by many programming environments such as Java and Qt. The variable length character of UTF-16, combined with the fact that most characters are ''not'' variable length (so variable length is rarely tested), has led to many bugs in software, including in Windows itself. UTF-16 is the only encoding (still) allowed on the web that is incompatible with 8-bit ASCII. However it has never gained popularity on the web, where it is declared by under 0.004 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scalable Vector Graphics
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector graphics format for defining two-dimensional graphics, having support for interactivity and animation. The SVG specification is an open standard developed by the World Wide Web Consortium since 1999. SVG images are defined in a vector graphics format and stored in XML text files. SVG images can thus be scaled in size without loss of quality, and SVG files can be searched, indexed, scripted, and compressed. The XML text files can be created and edited with text editors or vector graphics editors, and are rendered by most web browsers. If used for images, SVG can host scripts or CSS, potentially leading to cross-site scripting attacks or other security vulnerabilities. History SVG has been in development within the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) since 1999 after six competing proposals for vector graphics languages had been submitted to the consortium during 1998 (see below). The early SVG Working Group decided not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
