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Duke Of Estonia
The first duke of Estonia ( ) was appointed in 1220 by King Valdemar II of Denmark after the Danish conquest of Estonia during the Livonian crusade. The title was resumed by the kings of Denmark since 1269. During the 1266–82 reign of the queen dowager Margaret Sambiria, the title ''lady of Estonia'' () was used. In 1332, after Christopher II of Denmark, Christopher II died, his second son Otto, Duke of Lolland and Estonia, Otto inherited the title of the duke of Estonia. Valdemar III of Denmark, Valdemar III assumed the title in 1338. The dukes of Estonia rarely resided in Estonia. To govern the Danish Estonia, Duchy of Estonia, the king of Denmark and royal counsellors appointed the Lieutenant (), who resided in Reval. The king of Denmark sold the duchy to the Teutonic Order in 1346, but Christian I reassumed the title of duke of Estonia in 1456. After the Livonian War, Estonia became part of the Swedish Empire, and the title was gained by kings of Sweden. Crown Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav II Adolfs Bibel 1618 - Portrait Of Gustav II Adolf
Gustav, Gustaf or Gustave may refer to: *Gustav (name), a male given name of Old Swedish origin Art, entertainment, and media *Primeval (film), ''Primeval'' (film), a 2007 American horror film *Gustav (film series), ''Gustav'' (film series), a Hungarian series of animated short cartoons *Gustav (Zoids), Gustav (''Zoids''), a transportation mecha in the ''Zoids'' fictional universe *Gustav, a character in ''Sesamstraße'' *Monsieur Gustav H., a leading character in ''The Grand Budapest Hotel'' * Gustaf (band), Gustaf, an American art punk band from Brooklyn, New York. Weapons *Carl Gustav recoilless rifle, dubbed "the Gustav" by US soldiers *Schwerer Gustav, 800-mm German siege cannon used during World War II Other uses *Gustav (pigeon), a pigeon of the RAF pigeon service in WWII *Gustave (crocodile), a large male Nile crocodile in Burundi *Gustave, South Dakota *Hurricane Gustav (other), a name used for several tropical cyclones and storms *Gustav, a streetwear clothing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Northern War
In the Great Northern War (1700–1721) a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern Europe, Northern, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter the Great, Peter I of Russia, Frederick IV of Denmark, Frederick IV of Denmark–Norway and Augustus II the Strong of Electorate of Saxony, Saxony–Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Poland–Lithuania. Frederick IV and Augustus II were defeated by Sweden, under Charles XII, and forced out of the alliance in 1700 and 1706 respectively, but rejoined it in 1709 after the defeat of Charles XII at the Battle of Poltava. George I of Great Britain and the Electorate of Hanover joined the coalition in 1714 for Hanover and in 1717 for Britain, and Frederick William I of Prussia, Frederick William I of Brandenburg-Prussia joined it in 1715. Charles XII led the Swedish army. Swedish allies included Holstein-Gottorp, sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valdemar Sejr (kongefrisen)
Valdemar II Valdemarsen (28 June 1170 – 28 March 1241), later remembered as Valdemar the Victorious () and Valdemar the Conqueror, was King of Denmark from 1202 until his death in 1241. In 1207, Valdemar invaded and conquered Lybeck and Holstein, expanding the Danish territories. His involvement in the Norwegian succession led to the second Bagler War, temporarily settling the issue and making the Norwegian king owe allegiance to Denmark. He faced disputes with the papacy over the appointment of the Prince-Archbishop of Bremen and the Bishop of Schleswig. Valdemar's military campaigns included conflicts in northern Germany and the establishment of Danish rule in Estonia in 1219. His reign saw the adoption of a feudal system in Denmark and the creation of the Code of Jutland, which served as Denmark's legal code until 1683. Background He was the second son of King Valdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Polotsk. When his father died, young Valdemar was only twelve years ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livonian Order
The Livonian Order was an autonomous branch of the Teutonic Order, formed in 1237. From 1435 to 1561 it was a member of the Livonian Confederation. History The order was formed from the remnants of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword after their defeat by Samogitians in 1236 at the Battle of Saule, Battle of Schaulen (Saule). They were incorporated into the Teutonic Knights and became known as the Livonian Order in 1237. In the summer of that year, the Master of Prussia Hermann Balk rode into Riga to install his men as castle commanders and administrators of Livonia. In 1238, the Teutonic Knights of Livonia signed the Treaty of Stensby with the Denmark, Kingdom of Denmark. Under this agreement, Denmark would support the expansion ambitions of the order in exchange for northern maritime Estonia. In 1242, the Livonian Order tried to take the city of Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod. However, they were defeated by Alexander Nevsky in the Battle on the Ice. Fortresses as Paide in land c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livonian Brothers Of The Sword
The Livonian Brothers of the Sword (; ) was a Catholic Church, Catholic Military order (monastic society), military order established in 1202 during the Livonian Crusade by Albert of Riga, Albert, the third bishop of Riga (or possibly by Theoderich von Treydend). Pope Pope Innocent III, Innocent III sanctioned the establishment in 1204 for the second time. The membership of the Crusades, crusading Military order (religious society), order comprised warrior monk, warrior monks, mostly from northern Germany, who fought Baltic peoples, Baltic and Baltic Finnic peoples, Finnic Paganism, pagans in the area of modern-day Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Alternative names of the Order include Christ Knights, Swordbrothers, Sword Brethren, Order of the Brothers of the Sword, and The Militia of Christ of Livonia. The seal reads: ''+MAGISTRI ETFRM (et fratrum) MILICIE CRI (Christi) DE LIVONIA''. Following their defeat by the Samogitians and Semigallians in the Battle of Saule in 1236, the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedwig Of Pomerelia
Hedwig may refer to: People and fictional characters * Hedwig (given name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Grzegorz Hedwig (born 1988), Polish slalom canoeist * Johann Hedwig, (1730–1799), German botanist * Romanus Adolf Hedwig (1772–1806), German botanist, son of Johann Hedwig Other uses * Hedwig Fountain, a fountain in Zürich, Switzerland * Hedwig glass, a type of glass * Hedwig, code name of Red Hat Linux version 6.0, released in 1999 * 476 Hedwig, a main-belt asteroid See also * Hedwig Village, Texas Hedwig Village is a city in Harris County, Texas, Harris County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,370 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. History The Spring Branch Memorial area was originally settled by German American, Germ ..., United States, a city * St. Hedwig (other) * {{disambiguation, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helena Guttormsdotter
{{Short description, Swedish noble and landholder Helena Guttormsdotter, fl 1205, was a Swedish noble and landholder, known as the royal mistress of Valdemar II of Denmark. Helena was the daughter of a Swedish Jarl, Guttorm. She married the Danish noble Esbern Snare and became the mother of Lady Ingeborg of Kalundborg. She was widowed in 1204, and had a relationship with Valdemar II, with whom she had Canute, Duke of Estonia. The relationship was terminated when he married Dagmar of Bohemia. Helena returned to Sweden, where she founded the chapel Vår Frus kapell in Linköping Linköping ( , ) is a city in southern Sweden, with around 167,000 inhabitants as of 2024. It is the seat of Linköping Municipality and the capital of Östergötland County. Linköping is also the episcopal see of the Diocese of Linköping (Chu .... She was a landholder in Sweden, and left her estates there to her son after her death. References Dansk biografisk Lexikon / VII. Bind. I. Hansen - Holms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Bastard
A royal bastard is a child of a reigning monarch born out of wedlock. The king might have a child with a Mistress (lover), mistress, or the legitimacy of a marriage might be questioned for reasons concerning succession. Notable royal bastards include Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, Robert, Earl of Gloucester, son of Henry I of England, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Henry FitzRoy, son of Henry VIII of England, and the James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, Duke of Monmouth, son of Charles II of England, Charles II. The Anglo-Norman language, Anglo-Norman surname Fitzroy (surname), Fitzroy means son of a king and was used by various Legitimacy (family law), illegitimate royal offspring, and by others who claimed to be such. In medieval England, a bastard's coat of arms was marked with a Bend (heraldry), bend or baton sinister. Notable fictional examples include Mordred, the villainous illegitimate son of King Arthur. Some fictional portrayals of royal bastards are l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Coat Of Arms Of Denmark No Crown
National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, census-designated place * National, Nevada, ghost town * National, Utah, ghost town * National, West Virginia, unincorporated community Commerce * National (brand), a brand name of electronic goods from Panasonic * National Benzole (or simply known as National), former petrol station chain in the UK, merged with BP * National Book Store, a bookstore and office supplies chain in the Philippines * National Car Rental, an American rental car company * National Energy Systems, a former name of Eco Marine Power * National Entertainment Commission, a former name of the Media Rating Council * National Motor Vehicle Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1900–1924 * National Radio Company, Malden, Massachusetts, USA 1914–1991 * National Supermarket ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canute, Duke Of Estonia
Canute or Knud Valdemarsen (1207 – 1260) was an illegitimate son of King Valdemar II of Denmark, who became Duke of Revelia, Blekinge and Lolland. Canute was the son of the king by his mistress, Helena Guttormsdotter, widow of Danish nobleman Esbern Snare and daughter of Guttorm, Riksjarl of Sweden. His father gave him lands in Estonia as a hereditary duchy in 1219. He was made Duke of Reval (Tallinn) in 1219, but was dispossessed as Denmark was thrown out by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in 1227. As compensation, he was given Blekinge in 1242, which he held until his death. Canute supported the younger rebel brothers, Abel and Christopher, against King Eric IV of Denmark in 1246, and was imprisoned at Stegeborg Castle.Bricka, Carl Frederik, ''Dansk Biografisk Lexikon'', vol. IX yde - Køtschau 1895, pp. 272Available online/ref> The king forced him to exchange Blekinge temporarily for Lolland Lolland (; formerly spelled ''Laaland'', literally "low land") is the List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Estridsen
The House of Estridsen was a dynasty that provided the List of Danish monarchs, kings of Denmark from 1047 to 1412. The dynasty is named after its ancestor Estrid Svendsdatter. The dynasty is sometimes called the ''Ulfinger'', after Estrid's husband, Ulf Jarl. The dynasty also provided three medieval rulers of Sweden and one of Norway. Their family coat of arms became the coat of arms of Denmark and thereby influenced the coat of arms of Tallinn and the coat of arms of Estonia. The Royal Court of Denmark does not differentiate between different royal houses among the early Danish kings, but uses the term "the descent of Gorm the Old" about all the pre-House of Oldenburg, Oldenburg monarchs. Background The name of the Estridsen dynasty recalls their acquisition of the Danish crown through the marriage of Ulf the Earl to Estrid Svendsdatter of the House of Knýtlinga, daughter of Sweyn Forkbeard and sister of Cnut the Great. Later genealogies (introduced by the Danish historian J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Estonia (1219–1346)
The Duchy of Estonia (, ), also known as Danish Estonia, was a direct dominion () of the King of Denmark from 1219 until 1346 when it was sold to the Teutonic Order and became part of the ''State of the Teutonic Order, Ordensstaat''. Denmark rose as a great military and mercantile power in the 12th century. It had an interest in ending the frequent Oeselians, Estonian attacks that threatened its Baltic trade. Danish fleets attacked Estonia in 1170, 1194, and 1197. In 1206, King Valdemar II and archbishop Andreas Sunonis led a raid on Ösel island (Saaremaa). The Kings of Denmark claimed Estonia, and this was recognised by Pope Honorius III. In 1219, the fleet of Valdemar II landed in the harbor of Lindanise (Tallinn) and defeated the local Estonians in the Battle of Lyndanisse, Battle of Lindanise. This brought northern Estonia under Danish rule until the St. George's Night Uprising, Estonian uprising in 1343, after which the territories were taken over by the Teutonic Order. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
