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Developing 8 Countries
The D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, also known as Developing-8, is an organisation for development co-operation among Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey. Azerbaijan was admitted to the organization as the 9th member on 19 December 2024. The combined population of the nine countries is more than 1.28 billion or 63% of all Muslims, or close to 16% of the world's population and covering an area of 7.62 million square kilometres, 5% of world land area. In 2016, trade between the D-8 member states stood at approximately $65 billion, showing substantial growth since its inception. By 2020, this figure increased to around $133 billion, reflecting the enhanced economic cooperation and integration among member countries. In 2024, the total nominal GDP of the eight nations reached approximately $5.1 trillion, underscoring their collective economic significance. Transactions among these countries accounted for an increasing share of globa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthography
An orthography is a set of convention (norm), conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, punctuation, Word#Word boundaries, word boundaries, capitalization, hyphenation, and Emphasis (typography), emphasis. Most national and international languages have an established writing system that has undergone substantial standardization, thus exhibiting less dialect variation than the spoken language. These processes can fossilize pronunciation patterns that are no longer routinely observed in speech (e.g. ''would'' and ''should''); they can also reflect deliberate efforts to introduce variability for the sake of national identity, as seen in Noah Webster's efforts to introduce easily noticeable differences between American and British spelling (e.g. ''honor'' and ''honour''). Orthographic norms develop through social and political influence at various levels, such as encounters with print in education, the workplace, and the state. Some nations have established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhaka
Dhaka ( or ; , ), List of renamed places in Bangladesh, formerly known as Dacca, is the capital city, capital and list of cities and towns in Bangladesh, largest city of Bangladesh. It is one of the list of largest cities, largest and list of cities proper by population density, most densely populated cities in the world with a density of about 34,000 citizens per square kilometers within a total area of approximately 300 square kilometers. Dhaka is a megacity, and has a population of 10.2 million residents as of 2024, and a population of over 23.9 million residents in Greater Dhaka, Dhaka Metropolitan Area. It is widely considered to be the most densely populated built-up urban area in the world. Dhaka is an important cultural, economic, and scientific hub of Eastern South Asia, as well as a major list of largest cities in the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation member countries, Muslim-majority city. Dhaka ranks list of cities by GDP, third in South Asia and 39th in the worl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician who is the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as the 25th prime minister of Turkey, prime minister from 2003 to 2014 as part of the Justice and Development Party (Turkey), Justice and Development Party (AKP), which he co-founded in 2001. He also served as mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998. Coming from an Islamist background and promoting socially conservative policies, Turkey has experienced increasing authoritarianism, democratic backsliding and suppression of dissent under Erdoğan's rule. Erdoğan was born in Beyoğlu, Istanbul, and studied at the Marmara University, Aksaray Academy of Economic and Commercial Sciences, before working as a consultant and senior manager in the private sector. Becoming active in local politics, he was elected Welfare Party's Beyoğlu district chair in 1984 and Istanbul chair in 1985. Following the 1994 Istanbul mayoral election, 1994 lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamabad
Islamabad (; , ; ) is the capital city of Pakistan. It is the country's tenth-most populous city with a population of over 1.1 million and is federally administered by the Pakistani government as part of the Islamabad Capital Territory. Built as a planned city in the 1960s and established in 1967, it replaced Karachi as Pakistan's national capital. The Greek architect Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis developed Islamabad's master plan, in which he divided it into eight zones; the city comprises administrative, diplomatic enclave, residential areas, educational and industrial sectors, commercial areas, as well as rural and green areas administered by the Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation with support from the Capital Development Authority. Islamabad is known for its parks and forests, including the Margalla Hills National Park and the Shakarparian. It is home to several landmarks, including the country's flagship Faisal Mosque, which is the world's sixth-largest mosq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asif Ali Zardari
Asif Ali Zardari (born 26 July 1955) is a Pakistani politician serving as the 14th president of Pakistan since 2024, having held the same office from 2008 to 2013. He is the president of Pakistan People's Party Parliamentarians and was the co-chairperson of Pakistan People's Party from December 2007 until December 2015. He is the first president born after Independence. He is the widower of twice-elected Prime Minister of Pakistan Benazir Bhutto. He was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2018 to 2023, and in 2024. The son of Hakim Ali Zardari, a landowner from Sindh, Zardari rose to prominence after his marriage to Benazir Bhutto in 1987, who became the Prime Minister of Pakistan after her election in 1988. When Bhutto's government was dismissed by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan in 1990, Zardari was widely criticized for involvement in corruption scandals that led to its collapse. When Bhutto was reelected in 1993, Zardari served as Federal Investment Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abuja
Abuja (; , ) is the capital city of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, strategically situated at the geographic midpoint of the country within the Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria), Federal Capital Territory (FCT). As the seat of the Federal Government of Nigeria, it hosts key national institutions, landmarks, and buildings spread across its over 50 districts. It replaced Lagos (the most populous city in Nigeria) as the capital on 12 December 1991. Abuja's geography is defined by Aso Rock, a monolith left by water erosion. The Nigerian Presidential Complex, Presidential Complex, Nigerian National Assembly, National Assembly, Nigerian Supreme Court, Supreme Court and much of the city extends to the south of the rock. Zuma Rock, a monolith, lies just north of the city on the Controlled-access highway, expressway to Kaduna (city), Kaduna. At the 2006 census, the city of Abuja had a population of 776,298 and 179,674 households making it one of the List of Nigerian cities by popu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammadu Buhari
Muhammadu Buhari (born 17 December 1942) is a Nigerian politician who served as the president of Nigeria from 2015 to 2023. A retired Nigerian army major general, he was the military head of state of Nigeria from 31 December 1983 to 27 August 1985. Buhari ran for president of Nigeria on the platform and support of the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP) in 2003 and 2007, and on the Congress for Progressive Change (CPC) platform in 2011. In December 2014, he emerged as the presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress party for the 2015 general election. Buhari won the election, defeating incumbent President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan. This was the first time in the history of Nigeria that an incumbent president lost a re-election bid. He was sworn in on 29 May 2015. In February 2019, Buhari was re-elected, defeating his closest rival, former Vice President Atiku Abubakar, by over 3 million votes. Early life Buhari was born to a Muslim family on 17 December 1942, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur (KL), officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, is the capital city and a Federal Territories of Malaysia, federal territory of Malaysia. It is the largest city in the country, covering an area of with a census population of 2,075,600 . Greater Kuala Lumpur, also known as the Klang Valley, is an urban agglomeration of 8.8 million people as of 2024. It is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in Southeast Asia, both in population and economic development. The city serves as the cultural, financial, tourism, political and economic centre of Malaysia. It is also home to the Parliament of Malaysia, Malaysian parliament (consisting of the Dewan Rakyat and the Dewan Negara) and the Istana Negara, Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim, Istana Negara, the official residence of the King of Malaysia, monarch (''Yang di-Pertuan Agong''). Kuala Lumpur was first developed around 1857 as a town serving the tin mining, tin mines of the region, and important figures such as Ya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
Abdullah bin Ahmad Badawi (, ; 26 November 1939 – 14 April 2025), also known as Pak Lah, was a Malaysian politician and civil servant who served as the fifth prime minister of Malaysia from 2003 to 2009. A member of UMNO, he was the party's president from 2004 to 2009, and also led the ruling Barisan Nasional coalition during his premiership. Abdullah was granted the soubriquet "Father of Human Capital Development" ("''Bapa Pembangunan Modal Insan''") of Malaysia. Born in Bayan Lepas, Penang, Abdullah graduated from University of Malaya (UM). He starting his own career as a civil servant, served almost 14 years in the Malaysian Government as the Administrative and Diplomatic Officer (PTD) from 1964 until 1978. After he resigned from being PTD, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kepala Batas for eight consecutive terms from 1978 to 2013. He also served in various ministeries such as Ministry of Federal Territories, Minister in the Prime Minister's Departmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bali
Bali (English:; Balinese language, Balinese: ) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia and the westernmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands. East of Java and west of Lombok, the province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller offshore islands, notably Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan to the southeast. The provincial capital, Denpasar, is the List of Indonesian cities by population, most populous city in the Lesser Sunda Islands and the second-largest, after Makassar, in Eastern Indonesia. Denpasar metropolitan area is the extended metropolitan area around Denpasar. The upland town of Ubud in Greater Denpasar is considered Bali's cultural centre. The province is Indonesia's main tourist destination, with a significant rise in Tourism in Bali, tourism since the 1980s, and becoming an Indonesian area of overtourism. Tourism-related business makes up 80% of the Bali economy. Bali is the only Hinduism in Indonesia, Hindu-majority province in Indonesia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (born 9 September 1949), commonly referred to as SBY, is an Indonesian politician and retired Indonesian Army, army general who served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014 and the second president of Indonesia from the military after Suharto. He founded the Democratic Party (Indonesia), Democratic Party of Indonesia and served as its 4th chairman from 2014 until 2020. He also served as the 8th and 10th Coordinating Ministry for Political and Security Affairs#List of ministers, coordinating minister for political and security affairs from 2000 until 2001 and again from 2001 until 2004. He also served as the president of the Assembly and chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. He was also the former chairman of ASEAN due to Indonesia hosting of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits. Yudhoyono won the 2004 Indonesian presidential election, 2004 presidential election—the first Direct election, direct presidential election in In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tehran
Tehran (; , ''Tehrân'') is the capital and largest city of Iran. It is the capital of Tehran province, and the administrative center for Tehran County and its Central District (Tehran County), Central District. With a population of around 9.8 million in the city as of 2025, and 16.8 million in the metropolitan area, Tehran is the List of largest cities of Iran, most populous city in Iran and Western Asia, the Largest metropolitan areas of the Middle East, second-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East after Cairo, and the 24th most populous metropolitan area in the world. Greater Tehran includes several municipalities, including, Karaj, Eslamshahr, Shahriar, Tehran province, Shahriar, Qods, Iran, Qods, Malard, Golestan, Tehran, Golestan, Pakdasht, Qarchak, Nasimshahr, Parand, Pardis, Andisheh and Fardis. In the classical antiquity, part of the territory of present-day Tehran was occupied by Rhages (now Ray, Iran, Ray), a prominent Medes, Median city almost entirely des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
