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Depth Map
In 3D computer graphics and computer vision, a depth map is an Digital image, image or Channel (digital image), image channel that contains information relating to the distance of the Computer representation of surfaces, surfaces of scene objects from a viewpoint. The term is related (and may be analogous) to ''depth buffer'', ''Z-buffer'', ''Z-buffering'', and ''Z-depth''.[ftp://ftp.futurenet.co.uk/pub/arts/Glossary.pdf Computer Arts / 3D World Glossary], Document retrieved 26 January 2011. The "Z" in these latter terms relates to a convention that the central axis of view of a Virtual camera system, camera is in the direction of the camera's Z axis, and not to the absolute Z axis of a scene. Examples File:Cubic Structure.jpg, Cubic Structure File:Cubic Frame Stucture and Floor Depth Map.jpg, Depth Map: Nearer is darker File:Cubic Structure and Floor Depth Map with Front and Back Delimitation.jpg, Depth Map: Nearer the Focal Plane is darker Two different depth maps can be s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3D Computer Graphics
3D computer graphics, sometimes called Computer-generated imagery, CGI, 3D-CGI or three-dimensional Computer-generated imagery, computer graphics, are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data (often Cartesian coordinate system#Cartesian coordinates in three dimensions, Cartesian) that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering digital images, usually 2D images but sometimes 3D images. The resulting images may be stored for viewing later (possibly as an Computer animation, animation) or displayed in Real-time computer graphics, real time. 3D computer graphics, contrary to what the name suggests, are most often displayed on two-dimensional displays. Unlike 3D film and similar techniques, the result is two-dimensional, without visual depth perception, depth. More often, 3D graphics are being displayed on 3D displays, like in virtual reality systems. 3D graphics stand in contrast to 2D computer graphics which t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autostereogram
An autostereogram is a two-dimensional (2D) image that can create the optical illusion of a three-dimensional (3D) scene. Autostereograms use only one image to accomplish the effect while normal stereograms require two. The 3D scene in an autostereogram is often unrecognizable until it is viewed properly, unlike typical stereograms. Viewing any kind of stereogram properly may cause the viewer to experience vergence-accommodation conflict. The optical illusion of an autostereogram is one of depth perception and involves stereopsis: depth perception arising from the different perspective each eye has of a three-dimensional scene, called binocular parallax. Individuals with disordered binocular vision and who cannot perceive depth may require a wiggle stereogram to achieve a similar effect. The simplest type of autostereogram consists of a horizontally repeating pattern, with small changes throughout, that looks like wallpaper. When viewed with proper vergence, the repeating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structured Light
upright=1.3, A structured light pattern projected onto a surface (left) Structured light is a method that measures the shape and depth of a three-dimensional object by projecting a pattern of light onto the object's surface. The pattern can be either stripes, grids, or dots. The resulting distortions of the projected pattern reveals the object's solid geometry through triangulation, enabling the creation of a 3D model of the object. The scanning process relies on coding techniques for accurately detailed measurement. The most widely used coding techniques are binary, Gray, and phase-shifting, each offering distinct advantages and drawbacks. Structured light technology is applied across diverse fields, including industrial quality control, where it is used for precision inspection and dimensional analysis, and cultural heritage preservation, where it assists in the documentation and restoration of archaeological artifacts. In medical imaging, it facilitates non-invasive dia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Range Imaging
Range imaging is the name for a collection of techniques that are used to produce a 2D image showing the distance to points in a scene from a specific point, normally associated with some type of sensor device. The resulting range image has pixel values that correspond to the distance. If the sensor that is used to produce the range image is properly calibrated the pixel values can be given directly in physical units, such as meters. Types of range cameras The sensor device that is used for producing the range image is sometimes referred to as a ''range camera'' or ''depth camera''. Range cameras can operate according to a number of different techniques, some of which are presented here. Stereo triangulation Stereo triangulation is an application of stereophotogrammetry where the depth data of the pixels are determined from data acquired using a stereo or multiple-camera setup system. This way it is possible to determine the depth to points in the scene, for example, from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Painter's Algorithm
The painter's algorithm (also depth-sort algorithm and priority fill) is an algorithm for Hidden-surface determination#Visible surface determination, visible surface determination in 3D computer graphics that works on a polygon, polygon-by-polygon basis rather than a pixel, pixel-by-pixel, row by row, or area by area basis of other hidden surface removal, Hidden-Surface Removal algorithms. The painter's algorithm creates images by sorting the polygons within the image by their depth and placing each polygon in order from the farthest to the closest object. The painter's algorithm was initially proposed as a basic method to address the Hidden-surface determination problem by Martin Newell (computer scientist), Martin Newell, Dick Newell, Richard Newell, and Tom Sancha in 1972, while all three were working at CADCentre. The name "painter's algorithm" refers to the technique employed by many painters where they begin by painting distant parts of a scene before parts that are nearer, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2D-plus-depth
2D-plus-Depth is a stereoscopic video coding format that is used for 3D displays, such as Philips WOWvx. Philips discontinued work on the WOWvx line in 2009, citing "current market developments". Currently, this Philips technology is used by SeeCubic company, led by former key 3D engineers and scientists of Philips. They offer autostereoscopic 3D displays which use the 2D-plus-Depth format for 3D video input. Overview The 2D-plus-Depth format is described in a Philips' white paper and articles. Each 2D image frame is supplemented with a greyscale depth map which indicates if a specific pixel in the 2D image needs to be shown in front of the display (white) or behind the screen plane (black). The 256 greyscales can build a smooth gradient of depth within the image. Processing within the monitor used this input to render the multiview images. Supported by various companies across the display industry, 2D-plus-Depth has been standardized in MPEG as an extension for 3D filed u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine Vision
Machine vision is the technology and methods used to provide image, imaging-based automation, automatic inspection and analysis for such applications as automatic inspection, process control, and robot guidance, usually in industry. Machine vision refers to many technologies, software and hardware products, integrated systems, actions, methods and expertise. Machine vision as a systems engineering discipline can be considered distinct from computer vision, a form of computer science. It attempts to integrate existing technologies in new ways and apply them to solve real world problems. The term is the prevalent one for these functions in industrial automation environments but is also used for these functions in other environment vehicle guidance. The overall machine vision process includes planning the details of the requirements and project, and then creating a solution. During run-time, the process starts with imaging, followed by automated image analysis, analysis of the image a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3D Reconstruction From Multiple Images
3D reconstruction from multiple images is the creation of three-dimensional models from a set of images. It is the reverse process of obtaining 2D images from 3D scenes. The essence of an image is to project a 3D scene onto a 2D plane, during which process, the depth is lost. The 3D point corresponding to a specific image point is constrained to be on the line of sight. From a single image, it is impossible to determine which point on this line corresponds to the image point. If two images are available, then the position of a 3D point can be found as the intersection of the two projection rays. This process is referred to as triangulation. The key for this process is the relations between multiple views, which convey that the corresponding sets of points must contain some structure, and that this structure is related to the poses and the calibration of the camera. In recent decades, there has been a significant demand for 3D content in application to computer graphics, vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3D Scanner
3D scanning is the process of analyzing a real-world object or environment to collect three dimensional data of its shape and possibly its appearance (e.g. color). The collected data can then be used to construct digital 3D models. A 3D scanner can be based on many different technologies, each with its own limitations, advantages and costs. Many limitations in the kind of objects that can be digitized are still present. For example, optical technology may encounter difficulties with dark, shiny, reflective or transparent objects while industrial computed tomography scanning, structured-light 3D scanners, LiDAR and Time Of Flight 3D Scanners can be used to construct digital 3D models, without destructive testing. Collected 3D data is useful for a wide variety of applications. These devices are used extensively by the entertainment industry in the production of movies and video games, including virtual reality. Other common applications of this technology include augmented rea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GitHub
GitHub () is a Proprietary software, proprietary developer platform that allows developers to create, store, manage, and share their code. It uses Git to provide distributed version control and GitHub itself provides access control, bug tracking system, bug tracking, software feature requests, task management, continuous integration, and wikis for every project. Headquartered in California, GitHub, Inc. has been a subsidiary of Microsoft since 2018. It is commonly used to host open source software development projects. GitHub reported having over 100 million developers and more than 420 million Repository (version control), repositories, including at least 28 million public repositories. It is the world's largest source code host Over five billion developer contributions were made to more than 500 million open source projects in 2024. About Founding The development of the GitHub platform began on October 19, 2005. The site was launched in April 2008 by Tom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3D Reconstruction
In computer vision and computer graphics, 3D reconstruction is the process of capturing the shape and appearance of real objects. This process can be accomplished either by active or passive methods. If the model is allowed to change its shape in time, this is referred to as non-rigid or spatio-temporal reconstruction. Motivation and applications The research of 3D reconstruction has always been a difficult goal. By Using 3D reconstruction one can determine any object's 3D profile, as well as knowing the 3D coordinate of any point on the profile. The 3D reconstruction of objects is a generally scientific problem and core technology of a wide variety of fields, such as Computer Aided Geometric Design ( CAGD), computer graphics, computer animation, computer vision, medical imaging, computational science, virtual reality, digital media, etc. For instance, the lesion information of the patients can be presented in 3D on the computer, which offers a new and accurate approach in diagn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
