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Demòcrates De Catalunya
Democrats of Catalonia (, DC) is a Christian-democratic, pro-Catalan independence political party in Catalonia founded in July 2015 from a split in Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC). Its members included the then-List of presidents of the Parliament of Catalonia, Speaker of the Catalan parliament Núria de Gispert and former UDC president Joan Rigol. The party has received accusations of xenophobia for its controversial statements against Spaniards, and for having ties with xenophobic organizations. History The party was founded in July 2015 by former members of the Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC)—including Antoni Castellà, Núria de Gispert, Rosa Maria Carrasco Azemar and Joan Rigol—following the break up of Convergence and Union over dissatisfaction with what they saw as weak support from UDC to the Catalan independence movement. It was registered in the Ministry of the Interior (Spain), interior ministry in August 2015. On 8 August 2015, Castellà declared that it h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Núria De Gispert
Núria de Gispert i Català (; born 6 April 1949) is a Spanish politician and lawyer. Between 2010 and 2015 she served as List of Presidents of the Parliament of Catalonia, speaker of Parliament of Catalonia.Profile at the website of Parliament of Catalonia: Biography Núria de Gispert is married and has four children. She is also the daughter of politician and lawyer Ignasi de Gispert i Jordà, and great-granddaughter of Dorotea de Chopitea, protector and benefactor of several Catholic orders. ''Homenaje a Dorotea de Chopitea, fundadora de treinta obras sociales'' De Gispert graduated in law at the University of Barcelona and she has also the title of Translating for legal equivalence, legal translator from Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (Spain), Ministry of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian-democratic
Christian democracy is an ideology inspired by Christian social teaching to respond to the challenges of contemporary society and politics. Christian democracy has drawn mainly from Catholic social teaching and neo-scholasticism, as well as the Neo-Calvinist tradition within Christianity; it later gained ground with Lutherans and Pentecostals, among other denominational traditions of Christianity in various parts of the world. During the nineteenth century, its principal concerns were to reconcile Catholicism with democracy, to answer the " social question" surrounding capitalism and the working class, and to resolve the tensions between church and state. In the twentieth century, Christian democrats led postwar Western and Southern Europe in building modern welfare states and constructing the European Union. Furthermore; in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, Christian democracy has gained support in Eastern Europe among former communist states sufferin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left Movement
Left Movement of Catalonia ('' de Catalunya'', MESCat) is a social-democratic, pro-independence political party in Catalonia. The party was founded in November 2014 from the merger of New Catalan Left (NECat) and Catalonia Movement (Moviment Catalunya), which had both been formed by dissident members of the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC) who were dissatisfied with what they saw as the party's lack of support for the independence movement. Its founders included Marina Geli (Moviment Catalunya) and Ernest Maragall (NECat), but both have ever since left for other parties—Geli joined the Together for Catalonia alliance ahead of the 2017 Catalan regional election, whereas Maragall defected to Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) in 2018. History The party had its roots in the severe internal crisis affecting the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (PSC) following its defeat in the 2010 Catalan regional election and the rise in support for Catalan independence following the 11 Sep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Left Of Catalonia
The Republican Left of Catalonia (, ERC; ; generically branded as ) is a pro-Catalan independence, social democratic political party in the Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, with a presence also in Valencia, the Balearic Islands and the French department of Pyrénées-Orientales (Northern Catalonia).Jaume Renyer Alimbau, ''ERC: temps de transició. Per una esquerra forta, renovadora i plural'' (Barcelona: Cossetània, 2008). It is also the main sponsor of the independence movement from France and Spain in the territories known as Catalan Countries, focusing in recent years on the creation of a Catalan Republic in Catalonia proper. Its current president is Oriol Junqueras and its secretary-general is Elisenda Alamany. The party is a member of the European Free Alliance. ERC, a party of relevant Catalan politicians including Francesc Macià, Lluís Companys and Josep Tarradellas, played an important role in Catalan and Spanish politics during the Second Republic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Convergence Of Catalonia
The Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (; , CDC), frequently shortened as Convergence (; ) was a Catalan nationalist, liberal political party in Catalonia (Spain), currently still existing without any political activity. The party was originally created around the figure of Jordi Pujol in 1974, but it was not legally registered until February 1977. Between 1978 and 2015, the party was a member of the Convergence and Union (CiU) alliance that dominated Catalan politics for almost the entirety of its existence; first as an electoral alliance with the christian democratic Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC), then as a party federation on 2 December 2001. For 37 years, both parties contested all elections under the CiU umbrella, being the first political group in the Parliament of Catalonia for its entire history and forming the regional government for nearly three decades (1980–2003 and 2010–2015). In June 2015, the CiU federation split over the issue of Catalan independence. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2015 Catalan Regional Election
The 2015 Catalan regional election was held on Sunday, 27 September 2015, electing the 11th Parliament of Catalonia, Parliament of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Catalonia. All 135 seats in the Parliament were up for election. This was the third regional Catalan election in only five years, after the 2010 Catalan regional election, 2010 and 2012 Catalan regional election, 2012 elections and the first one in over 37 years in which Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) and Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC) ran separately, after the dissolution of Convergence and Union (CiU) in June 2015 over disagreements on the coalition's separatist turn. The plan to hold a snap election in 2015 was announced on 14 January by President of the Government of Catalonia, President Artur Mas. After the non-binding 2014 Catalan self-determination referendum, 2014 independence referendum, Mas declared that the election was to be turned into an alternative vote on inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electoral Alliance
An electoral alliance (also known as a bipartisan electoral agreement, electoral pact, electoral agreement, electoral coalition or electoral bloc) is an association of political parties or individuals that exists solely to stand in elections. Each of the parties within the alliance has its own policies but chooses temporarily to put aside differences in favour of common goals and ideology in order to pool their voters' support and get elected. On occasion, an electoral alliance may be formed by parties with very different policy goals, which agree to pool resources in order to stop a particular candidate or party from gaining power. Unlike a coalition formed after an election, the partners in an electoral alliance usually do not run candidates against one another but encourage their supporters to vote for candidates from the other members of the alliance. In some agreements with a larger party enjoying a higher degree of success at the polls, the smaller party fields candidates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of The Interior (Spain)
The Ministry of the Interior (MIR) is a department of the Government of Spain responsible for public security, the protection of the constitutional rights, the command of the law enforcement agencies, national security, immigration affairs, prisons, civil defense and road traffic safety. Through the Undersecretariat of the Interior and its superior body, the Directorate-General for Internal Policy, the Ministry is responsible for all actions related to ensuring political pluralism and the proper functioning of electoral processes. The MIR is headed by the Minister for Home Affairs, who is appointed by the Monarch at request of the Prime Minister. The Minister is assisted by three main officials, the Secretary of State for Security, the Secretary-General for Penitentiary Institutions and the Under-Secretary of the Interior. Among the director generals, the most important are the Director-General of the Police and the Director-General of the Civil Guard. This department ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convergence And Union
Convergence and Union (, CiU; ) was a Catalan nationalist electoral alliance in Catalonia, Spain. It was a federation of two constituent parties, the larger Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) and its smaller counterpart, the Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC). It was dissolved on 18 June 2015. CiU was a Catalan nationalist coalition. During its lifespan, it was usually seen as a moderate nationalist party in Spain, although a significant part of its membership had shifted to open Catalan independentism during the party's last years, and by 2014 demonstrated its intention to hold a referendum on Catalan independence. There is some debate as to whether the coalition was conservative or centrist. Liberal tendencies dominate the larger CDC, while the smaller UDC is a Christian democratic party. As for its position in the nationalist debate, it was deliberately ambiguous so as to appeal to the broadest spectrum possible, from voters who seek full independence from Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosa Maria Carrasco Azemar
Rosa Maria Carrasco i Azemar (2 July 1936 – 6 August 2018) was a Spanish politician from Catalonia, one of the founders of the Democrats of Catalonia party. Biography She was the daughter of the historical leader of UCD Manuel Carrasco i Formiguera and Pilar Azemar Puig de la Bellacasa. She was the youngest of eight brothers, among whom is Raimon Carrasco Azemar. Her first months of life were spent in the prison of Burgos, where his mother was imprisoned. In 1938, her father was executed by the francoists in the Castilian capital, who had been Health and Charity Advisor of the Generalitat of Catalonia and deputy for Gerona, in the Constituent Cortes during the Second Republic. Pertaining in Unió Democrática de Catalunya (UDC), he stressed for his defense of the Catholic Church and was sentenced to death after a summary trial despite pressure from the Vatican. After studying at the French Lyceum in Barcelona, she joined the "scouting movement" of Catalonia and, foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenophobia
Xenophobia (from (), 'strange, foreign, or alien', and (), 'fear') is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-group and out-group, in-group and an out-group and it may manifest itself in suspicion of one group's activities by members of the other group, a desire to eliminate the presence of the group that is the target of suspicion, and fear of losing a national, ethnic, or racial identity.Guido Bolaffi. ''Dictionary of race, ethnicity and culture''. SAGE Publications Ltd., 2003. Pp. 332. Alternative definitions A 1997 review article on xenophobia holds that it is "an element of a political struggle about who has the right to be cared for by the state and society: a fight for the collective good of the modern state." According to Italian sociologist Guido Bolaffi, xenophobia can also be exhibited as an "uncritical exaltation of another culture" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joan Rigol
Joan Rigol i Roig (; 4 April 1943 – 7 May 2024) was a Spanish politician. He was a president of the Parliament of Catalonia. Rigol also sat in the Spanish Congress from 1979 to 1980, representing Barcelona Province. Rigol studied philosophy and held a Master's degree in Business Administration from ESADE. In 1976 he joined the Democratic Union of Catalonia The Democratic Union of Catalonia (; , UDC), frequently shortened as Union (; ), was a regionalist, Christian-democratic political party in the Catalonia region of Spain existing between 1931 and 2017. Together with Democratic Convergence of C ... (UDC), the political party which he presided from 1987 to 2000. Rigol died on 7 May 2024, aged 81. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
