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Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is a scientific research instrument for conducting spectrographic astronomical surveys of distant galaxies. Its main components are a focal plane containing 5,000 fiber-positioning robots, and a bank of spectrographs which are fed by the fibers. The instrument enables an experiment to probe the Expansion of the universe, expansion history of the universe and the mysterious physics of dark energy. The main DESI survey started in May 2021. DESI sits at an elevation of , where it has been retrofitted onto the Mayall Telescope on top of Kitt Peak in the Sonoran Desert, which is located from Tucson, Arizona, US. The instrument is operated by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under funding from the US Department of Energy's Office of Science. Construction of the instrument was principally funded by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science, and by other numerous sources including the US National Science Foundation, the UK Sci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astronomical Survey
An astronomical survey is a general celestial cartography, map or astrophotography, image of a region of the sky (or of the whole sky) that lacks a specific observational target. Alternatively, an astronomical survey may comprise a set of images, spectra, or other observations of objects that share a common type or feature. Surveys are often restricted to one band of the electromagnetic spectrum due to instrumental limitations, although multiwavelength surveys can be made by using multiple detectors, each sensitive to a different bandwidth. Surveys have generally been performed as part of the production of an astronomical catalog. They may also search for transient astronomical events. They often use wide-field astrographs. Scientific value Sky surveys, unlike targeted observation of a specific object, allow astronomers to catalog celestial objects and perform statistical analyses on them without complex corrections for selection effects. In some cases, an astronomer interes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gordon And Betty Moore Foundation
The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation is an American foundation established by Intel co-founder Gordon E. Moore and his wife Betty I. Moore in September 2000 to support scientific discovery, environmental conservation, patient care improvements and preservation of the character of the San Francisco Bay Area. As outlined in the Statement of Founder's Intent, the foundation's aim is to tackle large, important issues at a scale where it can achieve significant and measurable impacts. According to the OECD, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation provided US$60 million for development in 2020 by means of grants. Funded projects Astronomy * All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) * Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) * Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) * South Pole Telescope (SPT) * Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) * W. M. Keck Observatory * BICEP and Keck Array Biology Advanced Imaging Center (AIC) , Janelia Research Campus* Center for Ocean Solutions * Community C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constance M
Constance may refer to: Places *Constance, Kentucky, United States, an unincorporated community * Constance, Minnesota, United States, an unincorporated community *Mount Constance, Washington State, United States *Lake Constance (other), in several countries *Konstanz, Germany, sometimes written as Constance in English *Konstanz (district), Germany People *Constance (given name), female given name, also includes list of people with the name *Andrew Constance (born 1973), Australian politician *Angela Constance (born 1970), Scottish politician * Ansley Constance (born 1966), Seychelles politician *Lincoln Constance (1909–2001), American botanist * Nathan Constance (born 1979), English actor Fictitious characters *The protagonist of a story in Nicholas Trivet's ''Les chronicles'' retold both as ''The Man of Law's Tale'' (by Geoffrey Chaucer) and as the ''Tale of Constance'' (in John Gower's ''Confessio Amantis''). Arts and entertainment * ''Constance'' (album), a 2000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David J
David John Haskins (born 24 April 1957, Northampton, Northamptonshire, England), better known as David J, is a British alternative rock musician, producer, and writer. He is the bassist for the gothic rock band Bauhaus (band), Bauhaus and for Love and Rockets (band), Love and Rockets. He has composed the scores for a number of plays and films, and also wrote and directed his own plays, ''Silver for Gold (The Odyssey of Edie Sedgwick)'', in 2008, which was restaged at REDCAT in Los Angeles in 2011, and ''The Chanteuse and The Devil's Muse'' in 2011. His artwork has been shown in galleries internationally, and he has been a resident DJ at venues such as the Knitting Factory. David J has released a number of singles and solo albums, and in 1990 he released one of the first No. 1 hits on the then nascent Modern Rock Tracks charts, with "I'll Be Your Chauffeur". His most recent single, "The Day That David Bowie Died" entered the UK vinyl singles chart at number 4 in 2016. The trac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Square Degree
__NOTOC__ A square degree (deg2) is a non- SI unit measure of solid angle. Other denotations include ''sq. deg.'' and (°)2. Just as degrees are used to measure parts of a circle, square degrees are used to measure parts of a sphere. Analogous to one degree being equal to radians, a square degree is equal to ()2 steradians (sr), or about sr or about . The whole sphere has a solid angle of which is approximately : : 4 \pi \left(\frac\right)^2 \, ^2 = \frac ~ ^2 = \frac ~ ^2 \approx 41\,252.96 ~ ^2. Subdivisions Each square degree is equal to 3600 square arcminutes, and each square arcminute is equal to 3600 square arcseconds. So, each square degree is equal to 12,960,000 square arcseconds. The whole sphere contains about 148.51 million square arcminutes and about 534.64 billion square arcseconds. Examples * The full moon covers only about of the sky when viewed from the surface of the Earth. The Moon is only a half degree across (i.e. a circular diameter of ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sloan2020vsDESI2022
Sloan may refer to: *Sloan (surname) *MIT Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States *Sloan (band), a Canadian rock band *Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a major astronomical survey **Sloan Great Wall, a galactic filament discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey *Sloan Fellowship, a research grant to young scientists and scholars *Sloan Research Fellowship, a mid-career master's degree program in general management *Sloan Valve Company, a manufacturer of plumbing systems *'' Urania sloanus'' or Sloan's urania, a species of moth * Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, a large philanthropic organization Places * Sloan, Indiana, an extinct town in Warren County * Sloan, Iowa, a city in Woodbury County * Sloan, Nevada, an unincorporated community in Clark County * Sloan, New York, a village in Erie County * Sloan, Texas, an unincorporated community in San Saba County * Sloan Creek (other) * Sloan Lake (Minnesota), a lake in Minnesota * Mount Sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Science Foundation
The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) is an Independent agencies of the United States government#Examples of independent agencies, independent agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National Institutes of Health. With an annual budget of about $9.9 billion (fiscal year 2023), the NSF funds approximately 25% of all federally supported basic research conducted by the List of American institutions of higher education, United States' colleges and universities. In some fields, such as mathematics, computer science, economics, and the social sciences, the NSF is the major source of federal backing. NSF's director and deputy director are appointed by the president of the United States and Advice and consent, confirmed by the United States Senate, whereas the 24 president-appointed members of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Astrophysical Journal
''The Astrophysical Journal'' (''ApJ'') is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler. The journal discontinued its print edition and became an electronic-only journal in 2015. Since 1953, ''The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series'' (''ApJS'') has been published in conjunction with ''The Astrophysical Journal'', with generally longer articles to supplement the material in the journal. It publishes six volumes per year, with two 280-page issues per volume. ''The Astrophysical Journal Letters'' (''ApJL''), established in 1967 by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar as Part 2 of ''The Astrophysical Journal'', is now a separate journal focusing on the rapid publication of high-impact astronomical research. The three journals were published by the University of Chicago Press for the American Astronomical Society until, in January 2009, publication was transferred to IOP Publis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
In cosmology, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) are fluctuations in the density of the visible baryonic matter (normal matter) of the universe, caused by Acoustics, acoustic density waves in the primordial plasma of the early universe. In the same way that supernovae provide a "standard candle" for astronomical observations, BAO matter clustering provides a "standard ruler" for length scale in cosmology. The length of this standard ruler is given by the maximum distance the acoustic waves could travel in the primordial plasma before the plasma cooled to the point where it became neutral atoms (Recombination (cosmology), the epoch of recombination), which stopped the expansion of the plasma density waves, "freezing" them into place. The length of this standard ruler (≈490 million light years in today's universe ) can be measured by looking at the Large-scale structure of the universe, large scale structure of matter using astronomical surveys. BAO measurements help cosmologi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neutrino
A neutrino ( ; denoted by the Greek letter ) is an elementary particle that interacts via the weak interaction and gravity. The neutrino is so named because it is electrically neutral and because its rest mass is so small ('' -ino'') that it was long thought to be zero. The rest mass of the neutrino is much smaller than that of the other known elementary particles (excluding massless particles). The weak force has a very short range, the gravitational interaction is extremely weak due to the very small mass of the neutrino, and neutrinos do not participate in the electromagnetic interaction or the strong interaction. Consequently, neutrinos typically pass through normal matter unimpeded and with no detectable effect. Weak interactions create neutrinos in one of three leptonic flavors: # electron neutrino, # muon neutrino, # tau neutrino, Each flavor is associated with the correspondingly named charged lepton. Although neutrinos were long believed to be mas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alternatives To General Relativity
Alternatives to general relativity are physical theories that attempt to describe the phenomenon of gravitation in competition with Einstein's theory of general relativity. There have been many different attempts at constructing an ideal theory of gravity. These attempts can be split into four broad categories based on their scope: # Classical theories of gravity, which do not involve quantum mechanics or force unification. # Theories using the principles of quantum mechanics resulting in quantized gravity. # Theories which attempt to explain gravity and other forces at the same time; these are known as classical unified field theories. # Theories which attempt to both put gravity in quantum mechanical terms and unify forces; these are called theories of everything. None of these alternatives to general relativity have gained wide acceptance. General relativity has withstood many tests over a large range of mass and size scales. When applied to interpret astronomical observat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cosmological Model
Physical cosmology is a branch of cosmology concerned with the study of cosmological models. A cosmological model, or simply cosmology, provides a description of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and allows study of fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate.For an overview, see Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed those physical laws to be understood. Physical cosmology, as it is now understood, began in 1915 with the development of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, followed by major observational discoveries in the 1920s: first, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe contains a huge number of external galaxies beyond the Milky Way; then, work by Vesto Slipher and others showed that the universe is expanding. These advances made it possi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
