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Commentary On The Water Classic
The ''Commentary on the Water Classic'' (), or ''Commentaries on the Water Classic'', commonly known as ''Shui Jing Zhu'', is a work on the Chinese geography in ancient times, describing the traditional understanding of its waterways and ancient canals, compiled by Li Daoyuan during the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534 AD). The book is divided into sections by river, each described with its source, course, and major tributaries, including cultural and historical notes. The work is much expanded from its source text, the older (and now lost) ''Water Classic'' (''Shuijing'' 水經). The original text described 137 different rivers in China and was traditionally credited to Eastern Han scholar and geographer Sang Qin (桑钦) during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280 AD). Qing dynasty scholars gave it a later date (during the Three Kingdoms Period) because of the names of the counties and commanderies. Its authorship was then attributed to Jin dynasty scholar Guo Pu. Li Dao ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wei River
The Wei River () is a major river in west-central China's Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. It is the largest tributary of the Yellow River and very important in the early development of Chinese civilization. The source of the Wei River is close to Weiyuan County''Wei yuan'' meaning "Wei's source"in Gansu province, less than from the Yellow River at Lanzhou. However, due to the sharp turn north the Yellow River takes in Lanzhou, the Wei and the Yellow River do not meet for more than further along the Yellow River's course. In a direct line, the Wei's source lies west of the main city along its course, Xi'an in Shaanxi province. The length of the river is and the area drained covers . The Wei River's tributaries include the Luo River, Jing River, Niutou River, Feng River and the Chishui River. The Wei River valley has a continental climate, with hot summers and cool, dry winters. It sits between the arid steppes and deserts to the north and the forests of the Qingling mount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Administrative Divisions Of China
The history of the administrative divisions of China is covered in the following articles: * History of the administrative divisions of China before 1912 * History of the administrative divisions of China (1912–1949) (Republic of China on the mainland) * History of the administrative divisions of China (1949–present) (People's Republic of China) See also * '' General History of Chinese Administrative Divisions'', 13-volume book series * Administrative divisions of China * Districts of Hong Kong * Municipal Affairs Bureau (Macau: Municipalities and Parishes) * Administrative divisions of Taiwan The Republic of China (Taiwan) is divided into multi-layered statutory subdivisions. Due to the complex political status of Taiwan, there is a significant difference in the ''de jure'' system set out in the original constitution and the ''de ... (Republic of China) {{DEFAULTSORT:History Of The Administrative Divisions Of China Administrative divisions of China Former adm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cihai
The ''Cihai'' is a large-scale dictionary and encyclopedia of Standard Mandarin Chinese. The Zhonghua Book Company published the first ''Cihai'' edition in 1938, and the Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House revised editions in 1979, 1989, 1999, and 2009. A standard bibliography of Chinese reference works calls the ''Cihai'' an "outstanding dictionary". Contents The ''Cihai'' is a semi-encyclopedic dictionary and enters Chinese words from many fields of knowledge, such as history, science, mathematics, philosophy, medicine, and law. Chinese lexicography dichotomizes two kinds of dictionaries: traditional (, lit. "character/logograph dictionary") for written Chinese characters and modern ' ( "word/phrase dictionary") for spoken expressions. For example, the ''Hanyu Da Zidian'' for characters and ''Hanyu Da Cidian'' for words. The ''Cihai'', as the title indicates, is a '. The American sinologist George A. Kennedy, who wrote a student's guide to using the ''Cihai'' as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiong Huizhen
Xiong Huizhen (; died 1936) was a Chinese historical geographer and a disciple of the late-Qing dynasty scholar Yang Shoujing. He is known for completing the ''Shui jing zhu shu'', a monumental annotation of the 6th-century geographic classic ''Shui jing zhu''. Biography Xiong Huizhen was born in Zhijiang County, Hubei during the Qing dynasty, and studied under the prominent historical geographer and bibliophile Yang Shoujing, who was also a native of Hubei. Yang spent most of his life annotating the 6th-century geographic work ''Shui jing zhu''. Having completed 40 volumes of annotation, he died in 1915 without completing the work. Xiong carried on the project and wrote another 40 volumes. He also made the final editing of the entire work, painstakingly proofreading the annotations word by word. It took Xiong 22 years to complete the work, known as the ''Shui jing zhu shu''. He refused offers made by Japanese scholars to purchase the book. However, when he learned that the desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Shoujing
Yang Shoujing (; 1839 – 9 January 1915) was a Chinese antiquarian, bibliophile, calligrapher, diplomat, geographer, and historian. He is best known for the historical atlas ''Lidai yudi tu'', commonly called the ''Yangtu'' ("Yang's atlas"), the most complete and scholarly historical atlas of China produced during the Qing dynasty. He devoted most of his life to the annotation of the 6th-century geographic work ''Shui jing zhu'', which was completed by his disciple Xiong Huizhen and published as the ''Shui jing zhu shu''. As a Qing diplomat posted in Japan, Yang purchased tens of thousands of ancient Chinese books from Japanese libraries and archives, many of which had become rare or lost in China. After his death, the government of the Republic of China purchased his collection and preserved most of the books in the National Palace Museum. Yang was an accomplished calligrapher of the Stele School and became highly influential in Japan. The introduction of his art was said to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinsha River
The Jinsha River (, Tibetan: Dri Chu, འབྲི་ཆུ) is the Chinese name for the upper stretches of the Yangtze River. It flows through the provinces of Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan in western China. The river passes through Tiger Leaping Gorge. It is sometimes grouped together with the Lancang (upper Mekong) and Nu (upper Salween) as the ''Sanjiang'' ("Three Rivers") area, part of which makes up the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas. The river is important in generating hydroelectric power, and several of the world's largest hydroelectric power stations are on the Jinsha river. Name The river was first recorded as the Hei (, ''Hēishuǐ'', lit. "Blackwater") in the Warring States' " Tribute of Yu". It was described as the Sheng ( t , s , ''Shéngshuǐ'', "Rope River") in the Han-era Classic of Mountains and Seas. During the Three Kingdoms, it was known as the Lu ( t , s , ''Lúshuǐ''). Owing to earlier romanization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xu Xiake
Xu Xiake (, January 5, 1587 – March 8, 1641), born Xu Hongzu (), courtesy name Zhenzhi (), was a Chinese travel writer and geographer of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), known best for his famous geographical treatise, and noted for his bravery and humility. He traveled throughout China for more than 30 years, documenting his travels extensively. The records of his travels were compiled posthumously in '' The Travel Diaries Xu Xiake'', and his work translated by Ding Wenjiang.Needham, Volume 3, 524. Xu's writing falls under the old Chinese literary category of 'travel record literature' ('youji wenxue'“遊記文學”), which used narrative and prose styles of writing to portray one's travel experiences.Hargett, 67–69. The People's Liberation Army Navy barracks ship '' Xu Xiake'' was named after him. Life With ancestors from Jiangxi province, Xu Xiake was born in what is today Jiangyin (in Jiangsu province) as Xu Hongzu (), as the second son of Xu Yu'an (徐豫庵, 1545� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump regimes ruled by remnants of the Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the navy's dockyards in Nanjing were the largest in the world. He also took great care breaking the power of the court eunuchs and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yangtze
The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ; ) is the longest river in Asia, the third-longest in the world, and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. It rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains (Tibetan Plateau) and flows in a generally easterly direction to the East China Sea. It is the seventh-largest river by discharge volume in the world. Its drainage basin comprises one-fifth of the land area of China, and is home to nearly one-third of the country's population. The Yangtze has played a major role in the history, culture, and economy of China. For thousands of years, the river has been used for water, irrigation, sanitation, transportation, industry, boundary-marking, and war. The prosperous Yangtze Delta generates as much as 20% of China's GDP. The Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze is the largest hydro-electric power station in the world that is in use. In mid-2014, the Chinese government announced it was building a multi-tier transport networ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Min River (Sichuan)
The Min River or Min Jiang () is a in central Sichuan province, China. It is a tributary of the upper Yangtze River which it joins at Yibin. Within China, it was traditionally taken as the main course of the upper Yangtze prior to extensive exploration of its sources. Geography The Min River flows in the general southern direction. It starts in north-central Sichuan, where its basin is limited by the Qionglai Mountains in the west and the Min Mountains in the east. The river passes through the Longmen Mountains and enters the plains of the Sichuan Basin near Dujiangyan. In that area, the ancient Irrigation System and the modern Zipingpu dam are located. The Giant Buddha of Leshan is built into the stone banks of the Min river. Names Some 19th-century Western authors used the name Blue River as the "colloquial name" for the Minjiang, after the former local Chinese name ''Qingshui'' (, lit. "Clear water"), and the belief that the Min constituted the main course of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribute Of Yu
The ''Yu Gong'' () or ''Tribute of Yu'' is a chapter of the ''Book of Xia'' (夏書/夏书) section of the ''Book of Documents'', one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature. The chapter describes the legendary Yu the Great and the provinces of his time. Most modern scholars believe it was written in the fifth century BCE or later. Contents and significance The chapter can be divided into two parts. The first describes the nine provinces of Ji (冀), Yan (兗), Qing (青), Xu (徐), Yang (揚), Jing (荊), Yu (豫), Liang (梁), and Yong (雍), with the improvement works conducted by Yu in each province. The second enumerates Yu's surveys of the rivers of the empire, followed by an idealized description of five concentric domains of five hundred li each, from the royal domain (甸服 ''Diānfú'') around the capital to the remote wild domain (荒服 ''Huāngfú''). Later, this would become important in the justification for the concept of ''Tianxia'' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
