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Chilean Literature
Chilean literature refers to all written or literary work produced in Chile or by Chilean writers. The literature of Chile is usually written in Spanish. Chile has a rich literary tradition and has been home to two Nobel prize winners, the poets Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda. It has also seen three winners of the Miguel de Cervantes Prize, considered one of the most important Spanish language literature prizes: the novelist, journalist and diplomat Jorge Edwards (1998), and the poets Gonzalo Rojas (2003) and Nicanor Parra (2011). Chilean literature during conquest and colonial times As the native cultures of the territories known today as Chile had no written tradition, (please see Mapudungun alphabet), Chilean literature was born during the Spanish conquest of the 1500s. The conquistador Pedro de Valdivia wrote letters to the king, Charles V (Carlos Primero de España), and in one of these letters, of 1554, he admiringly describes the natural beauty and landscape of the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilean Art
Chilean art refers to all kinds of visual art developed in Chile, or by Chileans, from the Spanish colonization of the Americas, arrival of the Spanish conquerors to the modern day. It also includes the native Pre-Columbian art, pre-Columbian pictorial expression on modern Chilean territory. Pre-Columbian art Prehistoric painting in Chile, also called pre-Columbian Chilean painting, refers to any type of painting or painting technique used to represent objects or people during the period before the Spanish conquest. Developed prior to the existence of written sources, study of this period is based on the material remains and vestiges of the cultures that developed. The beginning of pre-Columbian art in Chile coincided with the appearance of indigenous cultures in the territory, and ended around the start of the Spanish conquest of Chile around 1500AD. After this period, indigenous art was virtually eliminated by the Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery, Catholic community a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Araucana
''La Araucana'' (also known in English as ''The Araucaniad'') is a 16th-century epic poem in Spanish by Alonso de Ercilla, about the Spanish Conquest of Chile. It was considered the national epic of the Captaincy General of Chile and one of the most important works of the Spanish Golden Age (''Siglo de Oro''). The poem Structure ''La Araucana'' consists of 37 cantos that are distributed across the poem's three parts. The first part was published in 1569; the second part appeared in 1578, and it was published along with the first part; the third part was published with the first and second parts in 1589. The poem shows Ercilla to be a master of the octava real (that is Italian ottava rima), the complicated stanza in which many other Renaissance epics in Castilian were written. A difficult eight-line unit of 11-syllable verses that are linked by a tight rhyme scheme abababcc, the octava real was a challenge few poets met. It had been adapted from Italian only in the 16th centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josefa De Los Dolores Peña Y Lillo Barbosa
Sister ( es, link=no, Sor) Josefa de los Dolores Peña y Lillo Barbosa, OP (also known as sor Josefa de los Dolores or sor Dolores Peña y Lillo, 12 March 1739 – 29 August 1823) was a Dominican nun and a self-taught writer of the Chilean Colonial period ascribed to Catholic confessional discourse produced by Indian nuns in South American cloisters during the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries. She cultivated the epistolary genre, but also rarely wrote poetry. She entered the religious life in 1751 against her parents' wishes, and began her literary production in 1763 probably by own choice. She is considered today "the best existing sources for the study of the Spanish language that was spoken during the Chilean Colonial period" and the most reliable source for diachronic linguistics. Despite her humble origins, she achieved great influence in the political world of the nascent Republican Chile, especially within government ministers during the Independence, who consulted he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Úrsula Suárez
''Skimo'' is a comedy sitcom made in Mexico. It is produced by Nickelodeon Latin America and Macias Group International. The show first aired on 15 May 2006, and ran at 8:00 pm for the first two seasons. In the third season of the show, it was moved to 6:00 pm on Mondays. For the 2007 summer-fall transition, the show aired reruns on weekdays at 7:00 pm; also, during the 2006 summer-fall transition, the show aired reruns on Mondays at 6:00 pm; during the 2007 break between seasons 2 and 3, the show aired reruns of 3 episodes on Mondays at 6:00 pm as well. From 2010 to 2013, it aired reruns on Nick at Nite block on Nickelodeon Latin America. The opening song for the show, "Skimo Es el Lugar" ("Skimo Is the Place"), is performed by the pop rock band Motel. Overview of the show Skimo is the story of two boys, Fito and Tavo, who made their dreams a reality by opening their own shop. Skimo is described as "the coolest place in the neighbourhood". As an eatery, Skimo sells many i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadea De San Joaquín
Sister ( es, Sor) Tadea de San Joaquín (c. 1750–1827) was a Carmelite nun and writer of the Chilean Colonial period who wrote Catholic confessional ballad about the great flood of 1783. She is said to be the first woman poet of Chile. Biography Tadea García de la Huerta was born around 1750 in Santiago, Chile to the well-to-do family of Pedro García de la Huerta and María Ignacia Rosales. Her maternal grandfather was the Royal Court lawyer, Juan Rosales. In 1770, she joined the newly formed convent Monasterio del Carmen de San Rafael and took the name Sister Tadea de San Joaquín. In 1783, a flood forced the nuns of the convent to flee and Sister Tadea was encouraged to write a ballad about the events to her confessor who was away. Her detailed depiction of the events, titled ''Relación de la inundación que hizo el río Mapocho de la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, en el Monasterio de Carmelitas, Titular de San Rafael'', describes the nuns' assent to the church tower to es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando Álvarez De Toledo
Fernando is a Spanish and Portuguese given name and a surname common in Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Switzerland, former Spanish or Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa, the Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka. It is equivalent to the Germanic given name Ferdinand, with an original meaning of "adventurous, bold journey". First name * Fernando el Católico, king of Aragon A * Fernando Acevedo, Peruvian track and field athlete * Fernando Aceves Humana, Mexican painter * Fernando Alegría, Chilean poet and writer * Fernando Alonso, Spanish Formula One driver * Fernando Amorebieta, Venezuelan footballer * Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter * Fernando Antogna, Argentine track and road cyclist * Fernando de Araújo (other), multiple people B * Fernando Balzaretti (1946–1998), Mexican actor * Fernando Baudrit Solera, Costa Rican president of the supreme court * Fernando Botero, Colombian artist * Fernando Bujones, ballet dancer C * Fernando Cabrera (base ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Purén
Purén is a city (2002 pop. 12,868) and commune in Malleco Province of La Araucanía Region, Chile. It is located in the west base of the Nahuelbuta mountain range (650 km. south of Santiago). The economical activity of Purén is based in forest exploitation and agriculture. The most characteristic product of Purén is the white strawberry which is one of two species of strawberry that were hybridized to create the modern garden strawberry. In Mapuche language or Mapudungun Purén means ''swampy place''. History San Juan Bautista de Purén was a fort founded by Juan Gomez de Almagro, by order of the Governor of Chile Pedro de Valdivia, almost in the center of the northwest part of the valley of Purén, a little more than a kilometer from the left bank of the Purén River in the Purén valley and about six kilometers to the northeast of the present city of Purén. This fort was abandoned on the death of Pedro de Valdivia but was reoccupied by García Hurtado de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Ignacio Molina
Fr. Juan Ignacio Molina (; (June 24, 1740 – September 12, 1829) was a Chilean Jesuit priest, naturalist, historian, translator, geographer, botanist, ornithologist, and linguist. He is usually referred to as Abate Molina (a form of Abbot Molina), and is also sometimes known by the Italian form of his name, Giovanni Ignazio Molina. He was one of the precursors of the theory of the gradual evolution of species, 44 years before Darwin, who repeatedly quoted him in "The Origin of Species". Biography Early years Molina was born at Guaraculén, a big farm located near Villa Alegre ( General Captaincy of Chile), where he lived until he was 5 years old. In the current province of Linares, in the Maule Region of Chile. His parents were Agustín Molina and Francisca González Bruna. From an early age he was attracted to the nature of his environment, and in addition to his school work, he enjoyed observing nature on the family farm, which he visited periodically, alternating wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Núñez De Pineda Y Bascuñán
Francisco Núñez de Pineda y Bascuñán (1607–1682) was a Chilean writer and soldier. He was born in Chillán Viejo, Biobío Region, Chile. In 1629 he participated in an expedition to defeat the Mapuche, but, during the Battle of Las Cangrejeras, he was taken prisoner by the cacique Maulicán, who kept him captive for seven months. After being released, he rose through the ranks to become commander of the fort of Boroa in 1654, and he was eventually appointed Maestro de Campo in 1656 by Governor of Chile Pedro Porter Casanate and had an important role in the Spanish victory in Conuco and the relief of the fort of Boroa. From his experiences among the Mapuches, he wrote in 1673, the chronicle ''Cautiverio feliz y razón individual de las guerras dilatadas del reino de Chile'' (''Happy Captivity and Reason for the Prolonged Wars of the Kingdom of Chile''), which constitutes one of the most important and realistic descriptions of the customs of the Mapuche people, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alonso De Ovalle
Fr. Alonso de Ovalle (Santiago; July 27, 1603 – Lima; May 1651) was a Chilean Jesuit priest and chronicler of Chilean history, author of the ''Historica relacion del Reyno de Chile y de las missiones y ministerios que exercita en él la Compañía de Jesus'', describing the Conquest of Chile and the Arauco War The Arauco War was a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the Mapuche people, mostly fought in the Araucanía. The conflict began at first as a reaction to the Spanish conquerors attempting to establish cities and force Mapuche .... He was great grandson of the Genoese sailor Juan Bautista Pastene. Sources * Alonso de OvalleHistorica relacion del Reyno de Chile y de las missiones y ministerios que exercita en él la Compañía de Jesus Roma : Por Francisco Cavallo, 1646. Biblioteca Nacional References 1603 births 1651 deaths Jesuit historians and chroniclers Captaincy General of Chile Chilean historians 17th-century Chilean Jesuits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alonso De Góngora Marmolejo
Alonso de Góngora Marmolejo (1523–1575) was a Spanish conquistador and chronicler of the early conquest and settlement of the Captaincy General of Chile, and the start of the Arauco War. Biography Marmolejo was born in the town of Carmona, Andalucía, in 1523. He was the son of the regidor of the town, Juan Jiménez de Góngora Marmolejo and of Teresa Núñez de Tanfarva. In April 1551 he came as a soldier to Santiago, Chile and shortly after was transferred to Concepción to join the expedition that Pedro de Valdivia had prepared to continue his southern conquests. He attended the foundation of Valdivia, where he lived and was regidor in 1555. In 1557 he was transferred from Valdivia by sea to serve Don García Hurtado de Mendoza who had just arrived as new Governor and was on Quiriquina Island. Góngora participated in the campaign there and later was part of the garrison of the fort of Tucapel and helped frustrate Caupolicán's attack on the fort that resulted in his bei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro De Oña
Pedro de Oña (1570–1643) is considered the first known poet born in Chile, and is best remembered for his verse epic poem ''Primera parte de Arauco domado'' (“First Part of the Araucan Conquest”). Born in Angol, he was the son of a military captain, Gregorio de Oña, who had perished during the conquest of Chile by Spain. Pedro de Oña grew up amid this ongoing conflict; he was born in what was then a small military post, in a territory largely controlled by Chile's indigenous peoples. His mother remarried with a man of considerable influence, thus allowing Pedro de Oña to study in Lima at the Real Colegio de San Martín and later, at the Universidad de San Marcos. He received his degree from the viceroy García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete, and in 1596 received his bachelor's degree in Lima. He studied various baroque and classical writers, and worked at various jobs in Peru. In 1596 he published ''Arauco domado''. This epic poem, written in rhymed c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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