Central Vanuatu Languages

	Central Vanuatu Languages The Central Vanuatu languages form a linkage of Southern Oceanic languages spoken in central Vanuatu. Languages Clark (2009) Clark (2009) provides the following classification of the Central Vanuatu languages, divided into geographic areas. Outlier (aberrant) languages identified by Clark (2009) are in ''italics''. Clark's Central Vanuatu branch is wider in scope, including not only the Shepherd–Efate languages, but also the Malakula and Ambrym–Paama–Epi languages. Central Vanuatu Malakula languages Northeast Malakula (Uripiv), Vao, Vovo; '' Mpotovoro'' '' Dirak'', '' Malua Bay'' '' V’ënen Taut'', '' Tape'' '' Larevat'', '' Neve’ei'', '' Naman'' '' Navava'', '' Nevwervwer'' * Unua- Pangkumu * Banam Bay, Aulua * Lendamboi; '' Nasarian'' * Axamb, Avok, Maskelynes, Port Sandwich * Sinesip, Naha’ai; '' Ninde'' Ambrym–Paama– Epi area Ambrym Island: North Ambrym, West Ambrym, South Ambrym Paama Island: Southeast Ambrym, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east of New Guinea, southeast of the Solomon Islands, and west of Fiji. Vanuatu was first inhabited by Melanesian people. The first Europeans to visit the islands were a Spanish expedition led by Portuguese navigator Fernandes de Queirós, who arrived on the largest island, Espíritu Santo, in 1606. Queirós claimed the archipelago for Spain, as part of the colonial Spanish East Indies, and named it . In the 1880s, France and the United Kingdom claimed parts of the archipelago, and in 1906, they agreed on a framework for jointly managing the archipelago as the New Hebrides through an Anglo-French condominium. An independence movement arose in the 1970s, and the Republic of Vanuatu was fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Naman Language Litzlitz, also known as Naman, is an endangered Oceanic language of central Malakula, Vanuatu. Many of the languages in Malakula can be referred to by different names, Litzlitz being an example of this. Naman was spoken in central Malakua in an area referred to as the "Dog's Neck" by the locals. The territory over which the Naman language was spoken is about 13 kilometers. This language once had many speakers, but now has been classified as a dying language with only fifteen to twenty native speakers. Native Naman speakers who one resided in the small villages of Metenesel in the Lambumbu area of Malakula had moved to what is now known as the Litzlitz village. They had moved because of diseases such as influenza and other epidemics, which contributed to the population decrease in the Naman speakers. Malakula has many languages, however Uripiv Uripiv Island is a small inhabited island in Malampa Province of Vanuatu in the Pacific Ocean. Uripiv lies off the north coast of Malekul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Sinesip Language Nahavaq, also known as South West Bay (Malekula) or Siesip, is one of the many languages of the Malekula Coast group of Vanuatu. References External links * ELAR archive oNahavaq language documentation materials * Paradisec The Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) is a cross-institutional project that supports work on endangered languages and cultures of the Pacific and the region around Australia. They digitise reel-to ... haa number of collections that include Nahavaq language materials Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{Vanuatu-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Port Sandwich Language Port Sandwich, or Lamap, is an Oceanic language spoken in southeast Malekula, Vanuatu, on the eastern tip of the island. It was first described in 1979 by French linguist Jean-Michel Charpentier. Nisvai is a separate language. References External links * Materials on Lamap are included in the open access Arthur Capell collectionAC2 held by Paradisec Aviva MPI Shimelman collection of Lamap materialsavailable on Paradisec The Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) is a cross-institutional project that supports work on endangered languages and cultures of the Pacific and the region around Australia. They digitise reel-to ... Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Maskelynes Language Maskelynes (), or Kuliviu (Uliveo), is an Oceanic language spoken on the Maskelyne Islands off south Malekula, Vanuatu. Phonology Consonants * are in free variation as unreleased or unvoiced word-finally or before a consonant ** is also in free variation as nasal word-finally, especially among young speakers * is realized as a voiceless among some speakers, especially young * are unreleased word-finally or before a consonant (though has never been recorded before a consonant) * lose their labialization word-finally when not followed by a vowel and before ** is in free variation as trilled (tapped in Peskarus) before and sometimes before * is before voiced consonants * are [] before voiceless consonants and word-finally * is in free variation with for some speakers * are vocalic when in Syllable nucleus, nucleus following Vowels * is near-close between front consonants * is Close-mid vowel, close-mid word-finally * is after labiovelarized co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Avok Language Avok is an Oceanic language spoken in South Malakula, Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no .... References Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Axamb Language Ahamb, also spelled Axamb or Akhamb is an Oceanic language spoken in South Malakula, Vanuatu.Rangelov, Tihomir. 2020''A grammar of the Ahamb language (Vanuatu)'' Hamilton, New Zealand, University of Waikato. PhD thesis. Ahamb has around 1000 speakers, most of whom reside on the small low-lying Ahamb Island and the nearby Malekula mainland. The language is endangered due to a number of factors, including climate change and environmental factors. Linguist Tihomir Rangelov published a grammatical description of Ahamb in 2020. The language Phonology Ahamb’s phonology is characterised by distinctive prenasalisation in its plosives and trills. There are four contrastive trills, including the typologically rare plain bilabial trill. The vowel inventory is also relatively large compared to other related languages, with eight contrastive vowels. Grammar Nouns in Ahamb are classified as common, personal and local. They can also be classified as alienable and inalienable, which corr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Nasarian Language Nasarian is a nearly extinct Oceanic language of southwest Malekula, Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no ..., though the handful of speakers includes children. References Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu Critically endangered languages§ {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Lendamboi Language Lendamboi, Letemboi, or Small Nambas, is one of the Malekula Interior languages of Vanuatu. External links * Materials on Karnai are included in the open access Arthur Capell collectionAC2 and thASMPIcollection held by Paradisec The Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) is a cross-institutional project that supports work on endangered languages and cultures of the Pacific and the region around Australia. They digitise reel-to ... References Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Aulua Language Aulua or Aulua Bay is an Oceanic language spoken in east Malekula, Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no .... References * Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{SOceanic-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Banam Bay Language Burmbar (alternate names: Banam Bay, Vartavo) is one of the Malakula languages of Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (french: link=no, République de Vanuatu; bi, Ripablik blong Vanuatu), is an island country located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of no .... References Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{Vanuatu-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Pangkumu Language Rerep (also Pangkumu or Tisman) is one of the great many languages of the Malekula Coast group spoken in Vanuatu. In 1983 it had 375 speakers out of an ethnic population of 580. Portions of the Bible were translated into Rerep between 1892 and 1913. External links * Materials on Rerep are included in the open access Arthur Capell collectionsAC1anAC2 held by Paradisec Aviva MPI Shimelman collection of Rerep materialsin Paradisec The Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) is a cross-institutional project that supports work on endangered languages and cultures of the Pacific and the region around Australia. They digitise reel-to ... References Malekula languages Languages of Vanuatu {{Vanuatu-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]