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Worrorran Languages
The Worrorran (Wororan) languages are a small family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Western Australia. The Worrorran languages fall into three dialect clusters: * Worrorran ** the Northern Worrorran group, known as Wunambal and related dialects ** the Eastern Worrorran group, known as Ngarinyin, Ungarinyin, and related dialects ** the Western Worrorran group, known as Worrorra, and related dialects In addition, Gulunggulu is unattested but presumably a Worrorran lect. Validity left, Worrorran languages (purple), among other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey) There has been debate over whether the Worrorran languages are demonstrably related to one another, or constitute a geographical language group. Dixon (2002) considers them to be language isolates with no demonstrable relationship other than that of a ''Sprachbund''. However, more recent literature differs from Dixon: * Rumsey and McGregor (2009) demonstrate the cohesiveness of the family a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wunambal Language
The Wunambal language, also known as Northern Worrorran, Gambera or Gaambera, is a moribund Australian Aboriginal language of Western Australia. It has several dialects, including Yiiji, Gunin, Miwa, and Wilawila (with Gaambera and Wunambal also distinguished as separate). It is spoken by the Wunambal people. Wunambal is one of three Worrorran languages, the others being (Western) Worrorra and Ngarinyin (Eastern Worrorra, or Ungarinjin). , "Wunambal Gaambera" is part of a language revival project. Classification Wunambal is a noun-classifying language that is part of the family of Northern Kimberley languages spoken by the Worrorra people of the north-west Kimberleys in Australia, an area home to remnant groups of Aboriginal Australians.Berson, J. (2010). Talking Language to Whitefellas. ''History of Anthropology Newsletter'', ''37''(1), 3-20. It is one of three Worrorran languages, the others being (Western) Worrorra and Ngarinyin (Eastern Worrorra, or Ungarinjin), all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ungarinyin Language
The Ngarinyin language, also known as Ungarinjin and Eastern Worrorran, is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language of the Kimberley region of Western Australia spoken by the Ngarinyin people. Classification and naming Ngarinyin is one of the Worrorran languages, along with Wunambal and (Western) Worrowan. It is itself a dialect cluster, and may be considered more than a single language; Robert M. W. Dixon lists Guwidj (Orla), Waladja (Worla), Ngarnawu, Andadjin, Munumburru, Wolyamidi, and Waladjangarri (Waladjangari) as dialects. Claire Bowern (2011) lists Ngarinyin, Andajin, and Worla.Bowern, Claire. 2011.How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?, ''Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web'', December 23, 2011correctedFebruary 6, 2012) According to Rumsey, Ngarinyin may be applied to either the language or the people who speak it, whereas Ungarinyin only refers to the language. McGregor reported that "Ngarinyin has been chosen as the preferred language name" by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worrorra Language
Worrorra, also written Worora and other variants, and also known as Western Worrorran, is a moribund Australian Aboriginal language of northern Western Australia. It encompasses a number of dialects, which are spoken by a group of people known as the Worrorra people. It is one of a group of Worrorran languages, the other two being Wunambal and Ngarinyin. Dialects Worrorra is a dialect cluster; Bowern (2011) recognises five languages: Worrorra proper, Unggumi, Yawijibaya, Unggarranggu, and Umiida. McGregor and Rumsey (2009) include the above dialects and also include Winyjarrumi (Winjarumi), describing Worrorra as a non- Pama-Nyungan language of the Worrorran group of languages known properly as western Worrorran. An alleged Maialnga language was a reported clan name of Worrorra proper that could not be confirmed with speakers. Notable people Elkin Umbagai was a translator between English and Worrorra. Phonology * A nasal occurring before a stop consonant, is then realise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worrorran Languages
The Worrorran (Wororan) languages are a small family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Western Australia. The Worrorran languages fall into three dialect clusters: * Worrorran ** the Northern Worrorran group, known as Wunambal and related dialects ** the Eastern Worrorran group, known as Ngarinyin, Ungarinyin, and related dialects ** the Western Worrorran group, known as Worrorra, and related dialects In addition, Gulunggulu is unattested but presumably a Worrorran lect. Validity left, Worrorran languages (purple), among other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey) There has been debate over whether the Worrorran languages are demonstrably related to one another, or constitute a geographical language group. Dixon (2002) considers them to be language isolates with no demonstrable relationship other than that of a ''Sprachbund''. However, more recent literature differs from Dixon: * Rumsey and McGregor (2009) demonstrate the cohesiveness of the family a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ngarinyin Language
The Ngarinyin language, also known as Ungarinjin and Eastern Worrorran, is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language of the Kimberley region of Western Australia spoken by the Ngarinyin people. Classification and naming Ngarinyin is one of the Worrorran languages, along with Wunambal and (Western) Worrowan. It is itself a dialect cluster, and may be considered more than a single language; Robert M. W. Dixon lists Guwidj (Orla), Waladja (Worla), Ngarnawu, Andadjin, Munumburru, Wolyamidi, and Waladjangarri (Waladjangari) as dialects. Claire Bowern (2011) lists Ngarinyin, Andajin, and Worla.Bowern, Claire. 2011.How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?, ''Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web'', December 23, 2011correctedFebruary 6, 2012) According to Rumsey, Ngarinyin may be applied to either the language or the people who speak it, whereas Ungarinyin only refers to the language. McGregor reported that "Ngarinyin has been chosen as the preferred language name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worrorran Languages
The Worrorran (Wororan) languages are a small family of Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Western Australia. The Worrorran languages fall into three dialect clusters: * Worrorran ** the Northern Worrorran group, known as Wunambal and related dialects ** the Eastern Worrorran group, known as Ngarinyin, Ungarinyin, and related dialects ** the Western Worrorran group, known as Worrorra, and related dialects In addition, Gulunggulu is unattested but presumably a Worrorran lect. Validity left, Worrorran languages (purple), among other non-Pama-Nyungan languages (grey) There has been debate over whether the Worrorran languages are demonstrably related to one another, or constitute a geographical language group. Dixon (2002) considers them to be language isolates with no demonstrable relationship other than that of a ''Sprachbund''. However, more recent literature differs from Dixon: * Rumsey and McGregor (2009) demonstrate the cohesiveness of the family a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimberley (Western Australia)
The Kimberley is the northernmost of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is bordered on the west by the Indian Ocean, on the north by the Timor Sea, on the south by the Great Sandy Desert, Great Sandy and Tanami Desert, Tanami deserts in the region of the Pilbara, and on the east by the Northern Territory. The region was named in 1879 by government surveyor Alexander Forrest after Secretary of State for the Colonies John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley. History The Kimberley was one of the earliest settled parts of Australia, with the first humans landing about 65,000 years ago. They created a complex culture that developed over thousands of years. Yam (vegetable), Yam (''Dioscorea hastifolia'') agriculture was developed, and rock art suggests that this was where some of the earliest boomerangs were invented. The worship of Wandjina deities was most common in this region, and a complex theology dealing with the transmigration of souls was part of the local people's religi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sprachbund
A sprachbund (, from , 'language federation'), also known as a linguistic area, area of linguistic convergence, or diffusion area, is a group of languages that share areal features resulting from geographical proximity and language contact. The languages may be genetically unrelated, or only distantly related, but the sprachbund characteristics might give a false appearance of relatedness. A grouping of languages that share features can only be defined as a sprachbund if the features are shared for some reason other than the genetic history of the languages. Without knowledge of the history of a regional group of similar languages, it may be difficult to determine whether sharing indicates a language family or a sprachbund. History In a 1904 paper, Jan Baudouin de Courtenay emphasised the need to distinguish between language similarities arising from a genetic relationship (''rodstvo'') and those arising from convergence due to language contact (''srodstvo''). Nikolai Trub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Families
A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term ''family'' is a metaphor borrowed from biology, with the tree model used in historical linguistics analogous to a family tree, or to phylogenetic trees of taxa used in evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists thus describe the ''daughter languages'' within a language family as being ''genetically related''. The divergence of a proto-language into daughter languages typically occurs through geographical separation, with different regional dialects of the proto-language undergoing different language changes and thus becoming distinct languages over time. One well-known example of a language family is the Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Catalan, and many others, all of which are descended from Vulgar Latin.Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.)''Ethnologue: Languages of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CC-BY Icon
A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted "work". A CC license is used when an author wants to give other people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that the author has created. CC provides an author flexibility (for example, they might choose to allow only non-commercial uses of a given work) and protects the people who use or redistribute an author's work from concerns of copyright infringement as long as they abide by the conditions that are specified in the license by which the author distributes the work. There are several types of Creative Commons licenses. Each license differs by several combinations that condition the terms of distribution. They were initially released on December 16, 2002, by Creative Commons, a U.S. non-profit corporation founded in 2001. There have also been five versions of the suite of licenses, numbered 1.0 through 4.0. Released in November ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Adelaide
The University of Adelaide is a public university, public research university based in Adelaide, South Australia. Established in 1874, it is the third-oldest university in Australia. Its main campus in the Adelaide city centre includes many Sandstone universities, sandstone buildings of historical and architectural significance, such as Bonython Hall. Its royal charter awarded by Queen Victoria in 1881 allowed it to become the University of London, second university in the English-speaking world to confer degrees to women. It Adelaide University, plans to merge with the neighbouring University of South Australia, is adjacent to the Australian Space Agency headquarters on Lot Fourteen and is part of the Adelaide BioMed City research precinct. The university was founded at the former South Australian Society of Arts, Royal South Australian Society of Arts by the Union College and studies were initially conducted at its State Library of South Australia, Institute Building. The soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Capell
Arthur Capell (28 March 1902 – 10 August 1986) was an Australian linguist, who made major contributions to the study of Australian languages, Austronesian languages and Papuan languages. Early life Capell was born in Newtown, New South Wales in 1902, the only child of Sarah Ann (née Scott) and her husband, Henry Capell. He attended North Sydney Boys' High School. Career Capell graduated from the Sydney Teachers' College in Modern Languages in 1922 and the University of Sydney in the same year as the University medallist in Classics. He taught in high schools for three years at Canterbury Boys' Intermediate High and Tamworth High School. He was then ordained deacon in 1925 and priest in 1926 in the Church of England in Australia. He worked in Newcastle for a decade, as Curate, St Peter's, Hamilton (1926–1928); Priest-in-Charge, All Saints, Belmont (1928–1929); as a teacher at Broughton School for Boys in Newcastle (1929–1932), where he was introduced to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
