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Whitby
Whitby is a seaside town, port and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. It is on the Yorkshire Coast at the mouth of the River Esk, North Yorkshire, River Esk and has a maritime, mineral and tourist economy. From the Middle Ages, Whitby had significant Herring fleet, herring and whaling fleets, and was where Captain Cook learned seamanship. He first explored the southern ocean in HMS Endeavour, HMS ''Endeavour'', built in Whitby.Hough 1994, p. 55 Alum industry in North Yorkshire, Alum was mined locally, and Whitby Jet (lignite), jet jewellery was fashionable during the 19th century. Tourism started in Whitby during the Georgian period and developed with the arrival of the railway in 1839. The abbey ruin at the top of the East Cliff is the town's oldest and most prominent landmark. Other significant features include the Whitby Swing Bridge, swing bridge, which crosses the River Esk and the harbour sheltered by grade II listed Piers of Whitby, east and west piers. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piers Of Whitby
The piers of Whitby are four structures along the River Esk, North Yorkshire, River Esk estuary in Whitby, North Yorkshire, England. Whilst all the piers can be accessed by the general public, the piers were not built as seaside attractions – so-called ''pleasure piers'' like Redcar, Saltburn Pier, Saltburn or Withernsea Pier, Withernsea – but rather serving a civil purpose, such as ship loading and protecting the harbour. The main West and East piers in the town were built to provide shelter from the currents and storms of the North Sea, and in the 18th and 19th centuries, any ships seeking refuge in the harbour were charged a levy for use of Whitby's ''safe haven''. These levies were used to pay for the maintenance and improvement of the piers. It has been recognised that Whitby Harbour has been an important maritime centre that dates back possibly to Roman Times, Roman times. Fishing has always been an important and dominant industry, though this lessened in the 20th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scarborough And Whitby (UK Parliament Constituency)
Scarborough and Whitby is a Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, constituency in North Yorkshire represented in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, UK Parliament since 2024 United Kingdom general election, 2024 by Alison Hume, a Labour Party (UK), Labour MP. History The constituency name has had two separate periods of existence. 1918–1974: A Scarborough and Whitby division of the North Riding of Yorkshire was created by the Representation of the People Act 1918 after the Boundary Commission for England, Boundary Commission of 1917 and first elected a Member of Parliament in the 1918 United Kingdom general election, 1918 general election. This division took the entirety of the abolished Parliamentary borough of Scarborough (UK Parliament constituency), Scarborough together with the majority of the previous Whitby (UK Parliament constituency), Whitby division and a very small part of Clevelan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whitby Abbey
Whitby Abbey was a 7th-century Christian monastery that later became a Benedictine abbey. The abbey church was situated overlooking the North Sea on the East Cliff above Whitby in North Yorkshire, England, a centre of the medieval Northumbrian kingdom. The abbey and its possessions were confiscated by the crown under Henry VIII during the Dissolution of the Monasteries between 1536 and 1545. Since that time, the ruins of the abbey have continued to be used by sailors as a landmark at the headland. Since the 20th century, the substantial ruins of the church have been declared a Grade I Listed building and are in the care of English Heritage. The site museum is housed in Cholmley House, a 17th-century banqueting hall repurposed by design studio Stanton Williams in 2002. Streoneshalh The monastery was first founded in 657 AD by Oswy, King of Northumbria, as Streoneshalh (the older name for Whitby). He appointed Lady Hilda, abbess of Hartlepool Abbey and grand-niece of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilda Of Whitby
Hilda of Whitby (or Hild; c. 614 – 680) was a saint of the early Church in Britain. She was the founder and first abbess of the monastery at Whitby which was chosen as the venue for the Synod of Whitby in 664. An important figure in the Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England, she was abbess in several convents and recognised for the wisdom that drew kings to her for advice. The source of information about Hilda is the ''Ecclesiastical History of the English People'' by Bede in 731, who was born approximately eight years before her death. He documented much of the Christian conversion of the Anglo-Saxons, English. Early life According to Bede, Hilda was born in 614 into the Deiran royal household. She was the second daughter of Hereric, nephew of Edwin of Northumbria, Edwin, King of Deira, and his wife, Breguswīþ. When Hilda was still an infant, her father was poisoned while in exile at the court of the Celtic Britons, Brittonic king of Elmet in what is now West Yorkshir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
River Esk, North Yorkshire
The River Esk is a river in North Yorkshire, England that empties into the North Sea at Whitby after a course of around through its valley of Eskdale. The river's name is derived from the Brythonic word "isca" meaning "water". The Esk is the only major river in Yorkshire that flows directly into the North Sea; all other watercourses defined as being major rivers by the Environment Agency, either flow to the North Sea via the River Tees or the Humber Estuary. Overview Due to its rural nature, the river is clean and healthy, supporting a wealth of wildlife. Salmon spawn right up through Eskdale, and a number of " leaps" are provided to enable them to travel through weirs on the course. There are clearly visible examples at Ruswarp, where the tidal stretch through to Whitby begins and at Sleights. Around Whitby the Esk has a large population of sea trout, and the river is noted for freshwater pearl mussels (the only river in Yorkshire to have them), although these are thr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yorkshire Coast
The Yorkshire Coast runs from the River Tees, Tees estuary to the Humber estuary, on the east coast of England. The cliffs at Boulby are the highest on the east coast of England, rising to above the sea level. The North York Moors, North York Moors National Park extends up to the coastline and traverses of it between Boulby and Cloughton, taking in the historic fishing villages of Staithes, Runswick Bay and Robin Hood's Bay. The section of coastline south of Bridlington to Spurn Head is also known as the Holderness coast, from the area of East Yorkshire it adjoins. In 2016, Natural England announced the creation of a coastal path between Filey Brigg and Newport (Middlesbrough) Transporter Bridge. This will eventually link up with paths all around the coastline of England to become the England Coast Path. The section from Filey to Saltburn is in use as part of the Cleveland Way. The coastline between the two estuaries was historically made up of the East Riding of Yorkshire, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Yorkshire
North Yorkshire is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in Northern England.The Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority areas of City of York, York and North Yorkshire (district), North Yorkshire are in Yorkshire and the Humber, and Borough of Middlesbrough, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland, and Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council, Stockton-on-Tees are in North East England. It borders County Durham to the north, the North Sea to the east, the East Riding of Yorkshire to the south-east, South Yorkshire to the south, West Yorkshire to the south-west, and Cumbria and Lancashire to the west. The county is the largest in England by land area, at , and had a population of 1,158,816 in 2021. The largest settlements are Middlesbrough (148,215) in the north-east and the city of York (141,685) in the south. Middlesbrough is part of the Teesside built-up area, which extends into County Durham and had a total population of 376,663 in 2011. The remainder of the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whitby Swing Bridge
Whitby Swing Bridge is a pedestrian and road bridge over the River Esk in Whitby, North Yorkshire, England. History The River Esk has been crossed by bridges at this location for centuries. A grant made by King Edward III in 1351 allowed the collection of pontage tolls for the maintenance of a bridge. By the mid 1550s the tolls averaged around £6 per annum (equivalent to £ as of ). In 1629 an agreement was made by the justices in the North Riding to replace a wooden bridge with one which included moving parts. This was later replaced by a drawbridge, built in 1766 at a cost of £3,000 (), and later in 1835, the first swing bridge was opened designed by Francis Pickernell. Current bridge By the early 20th century the limited clearance of the 1835 bridge was restricting the size of vessels which could be built upstream of the bridge. A replacement swing bridge was commissioned by Whitby Urban District Council. It was designed by J. Mitchell Moncrieff,The Electrical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alum Industry In North Yorkshire
The alum industry in North Yorkshire was a major chemical processing industry in North Yorkshire, England between the 17th and the 19th centuries. The production of alum was suited to North Yorkshire due to the presence of the shale rock needed to make the alum sulphate which was essential as a dyeing agent until synthetic dyes became widely available in the 19th century. Production of alum in North Yorkshire peaked in 1769 with approximately produced. The alum industry in North Yorkshire has been labelled the first of the dirty industries in the area, with ironstone mining, steelmaking and the broader Teesside chemical industry all following on much later from the alum workings. Apart from one large site in Lancashire, almost all of the industrial alum supplied to Britain originated in North Yorkshire. Smaller concerns were operated sporadically in Dorset and London. History For over 250 years, the coastal and moorland areas of North Yorkshire were the centre of the alum indust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Endeavour
HMS ''Endeavour'' was a British Royal Navy research vessel that Lieutenant James Cook commanded to Tahiti, New Zealand and Australia on his First voyage of James Cook, first voyage of discovery from 1768 to 1771. She was launched in 1764 as the Collier (ship type), collier ''Earl of Pembroke'', with the Navy purchasing her in 1768 for a scientific mission to the Pacific Ocean and to explore the seas for the surmised ''Terra Australis, Terra Australis Incognita'' or "unknown southern land". Commissioned as His Majesty's Bark ''Endeavour'', she departed Plymouth in August 1768, rounded Cape Horn and reached Tahiti in time to observe the 1769 transit of Venus across the Sun. She then set sail into the largely uncharted ocean to the south, stopping at the islands of Huahine, Bora Bora, and Raiatea west of Tahiti to allow Cook to claim them for Great Britain. In September 1769, she anchored off New Zealand, becoming the first European vessel to reach the islands since Abel Tasman's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bram Stoker
Abraham Stoker (8 November 1847 – 20 April 1912), better known by his pen name Bram Stoker, was an Irish novelist who wrote the 1897 Gothic horror novel ''Dracula''. The book is widely considered a milestone in Vampire fiction, and one of the most famous classics of English literature. The primary antagonist of the novel, Count Dracula, is often ranked among the most iconic and best-known fictional figures of the entire Victorian era, and the character's popularity has led to over 700 adaptations for films, movies, plays, comics, video games, cartoons, stage performances, and other forms of media. Although he was the author of 12 mystery novels and novellas, Stoker's reputation as one of the most influential writers of Gothic horror fiction lies solely with ''Dracula''. During his life, he was better known as the personal assistant of the actor Sir Henry Irving and business manager of the West End's Lyceum Theatre, which Irving owned. Stoker was also a distant relative o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cædmon
Cædmon (; fl. c. 657–684) is the earliest English poet whose name is known. A Northumbrian cowherd who cared for the animals at the double monastery of Streonæshalch (now known as Whitby Abbey) during the abbacy of St. Hilda, he was originally ignorant of "the art of song" but learned to compose one night in the course of a dream, according to the 8th-century Christian historian and saint Bede. He later became a zealous monk and an accomplished and inspirational Christian poet. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholicism and Anglicanism, with a feast day on 11 February. Cædmon is one of twelve Anglo-Saxon poets identified in mediaeval sources, and one of three of these for whom both roughly contemporary biographical information and examples of literary output have survived. His story is related in the ''Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum'' ("Ecclesiastical History of the English People") by Bede, who wrote, " ere was in the Monastery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
