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Turama–Kikorian Languages
The Turama–Kikorian languages are a family identified by Arthur Capell (1962) and part of the Trans–New Guinea languages (TNG) family in the classifications of Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005). The family is named after the Turama River and Kikori River of southern Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n ...; the alternative name is based more narrowly on the Omati River. Languages The four languages are clearly related, though Rumu is divergent. Ross states that Rumu links the other (Turama) languages to TNG. * Turama–Kikorian family ** '' Rumu (Kairi)'' isolate ** Turama (Omati River) branch: Omati, Ikobi Proto-language Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are:Timothy Usher, New Guinea WorldProto–Rumu – Omati River/ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omati River
The Omati River is a river in southern Papua New Guinea. Omati Riverin Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2012-01-17; database downloaded 2015-06-22 See also *List of rivers of Papua New Guinea *List of rivers of Oceania *Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests The Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests is a tropical moist forest ecoregion in southern New Guinea. The ecoregion includes the extensive swamp forests of southern and western New Guinea. Geography New Guinea is home to extensive sw ... * Omati language * Omati River languages References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Wurm
Stephen Adolphe Wurm (, ; 19 August 1922 – 24 October 2001) was a Hungarian-born Australian linguist. Early life Wurm was born in Budapest, the second child to the German-speaking Adolphe Wurm and the Hungarian-speaking Anna Novroczky. He was christened Istvan Adolphe Wurm. His father died before Stephen was born. Both of his parents were multilingual, and Wurm showed an interest in languages from an early age. Attending school in Vienna and travelling to all parts of Europe during his childhood, Wurm spoke roughly nine languages by the time he reached adulthood, a gift he inherited from his father, who spoke 17. Wurm went on to master at least 50 languages. Career Wurm grew up stateless, unable to take the nationality of either of his parent or of his country of residence, Austria. That enabled him to avoid military service and attend university. He studied Turkic languages at the Oriental Institute in Vienna, receiving his doctorate in linguistics and social anthropo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turama–Kikorian Languages
The Turama–Kikorian languages are a family identified by Arthur Capell (1962) and part of the Trans–New Guinea languages (TNG) family in the classifications of Stephen Wurm (1975) and Malcolm Ross (2005). The family is named after the Turama River and Kikori River of southern Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n ...; the alternative name is based more narrowly on the Omati River. Languages The four languages are clearly related, though Rumu is divergent. Ross states that Rumu links the other (Turama) languages to TNG. * Turama–Kikorian family ** '' Rumu (Kairi)'' isolate ** Turama (Omati River) branch: Omati, Ikobi Proto-language Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are:Timothy Usher, New Guinea WorldProto–Rumu – Omati River/ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ikobi Language
Ikobi, or Ikobi-Mena after its two varieties, is a Papuan language, or pair of languages, of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n .... Wurm and Hattori (1981) treat the two varieties, Ikobi and Mena, as distinct languages, but ''Ethnologue'' 16 judges them to be one. References Turama–Kikorian languages Languages of Papua New Guinea {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omati Language
Omati, or Mini, is a Papuan language spoken in the Omati River area of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n .... The two varieties, Barikewa and Mouwase, are quite divergent. References Turama–Kikorian languages Languages of Papua New Guinea {{papuan-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kikori River
The Kikori River is a major river in southern Papua New Guinea on the island of New Guinea. The river has a total length of and flows southeast into the Gulf of Papua, with its delta at the head of the gulf. The settlement of Kikori lies on the delta. Course The headwaters of the Kikori, the ''Hegigio'' and the ''Tagari'', originate in the south-eastern part of the ''Muller plateau''. The Hegigio descends through a wild gorge into the ''Papua Plain''. From the mouth of the ''Mubi River'', it is known as the Kikori and flows into the Gulf of Papua, with a large marshy delta. Geography and hydrology The catchment area extends from alpine grasslands of the Southern Highlands to mangrove wetlands of the mouth at Gulf of Papua. The Kikori arises at the confluence of the Hegigio with the ''Mubi River'' or ''Digimu River'', into which Lake Kutubu drained. The average rainfall in the Kikori catchment is . The city of the same name is located on the right bank just before its conflu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turama River
The Turama River is a river of Papua New Guinea. Approximately 10 miles (16 km) wide at the mouth, with a total length of , it narrows rapidly. This, combined with its location at the head of the Gulf of Papua, results in tidal bore A tidal bore, often simply given as bore in context, is a tidal phenomenon in which the leading edge of the incoming tide forms a wave (or waves) of water that travels up a river or narrow bay, reversing the direction of the river or bay's cu ...s sweeping up the river. The effects are noticeable as far as 100 km upstream. See also * List of rivers of Papua New Guinea * List of rivers of Oceania * Turama–Kikorian languages * Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malcolm Ross (linguist)
Malcolm David Ross (born 1942) is an Australian linguist. He is the emeritus professor of linguistics at the Australian National University. Ross is best known among linguists for his work on Austronesian and Papuan languages, historical linguistics, and language contact (especially metatypy). He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1996. Career Ross served as the Principal of Goroka Teachers College in Papua New Guinea from 1980 to 1982, during which time he self-statedly become interested in local languages, and began to collect data on them. In 1986, he received his PhD from the ANU under the supervision of Stephen Wurm, Bert Voorhoeve and Darrell Tryon. His dissertation was on the genealogy of the Oceanic languages of western Melanesia, and contained an early reconstruction of Proto Oceanic. Malcolm Ross introduced the concept of a linkage, a group of languages that evolves via dialect differentiation rather than by tree-like spli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trans–New Guinea Languages
Trans–New Guinea (TNG) is an extensive Language family, family of Papuan languages spoken on the island of New Guinea and neighboring islands, a region corresponding to the country Papua New Guinea as well as Western New Guinea, parts of Indonesia. Trans–New Guinea is perhaps the List of language families#By number of languages, third-largest language family in the world by number of languages. The core of the family is considered to be established, but its boundaries and overall membership are uncertain. The languages are spoken by around 3 million people. There have been several main proposals as to its internal classification. History of the proposal Although Papuan languages for the most part are poorly documented, several of the branches of Trans–New Guinea have been recognized for some time. The Eleman languages were first proposed by S. Ray in 1907, parts of Marind languages, Marind were recognized by Ray and JHP Murray in 1918, and the Rai Coast languages in 1919, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulf Province
Gulf Province is a province of Papua New Guinea located on the southern coast. The provincial capital is Kerema. The 34,472 km2 province is dominated by mountains, lowland river deltas, and grassland flood plains. In Gulf Province, the Kikori, Turama, Purari, and Vailala rivers meet the Papuan Gulf. The province has the second-smallest population of all the provinces of Papua New Guinea with 106,898 inhabitants (2000 census). The province shares land borders with Western Province to the west, Southern Highlands, Chimbu, and Eastern Highlands to the north, Morobe Province to the east, and Central Province to the southeast. Districts and LLGs Each province in Papua New Guinea has one or more districts, and each district has one or more Local Level Government (LLG) areas. For census purposes, the LLG areas are subdivided into wards and those into census units. Provincial leaders The province was governed by a decentralised provincial administration, headed by a Pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Capell
Arthur Capell (28 March 1902 – 10 August 1986) was an Australian linguist, who made major contributions to the study of Australian languages, Austronesian languages and Papuan languages. Early life Capell was born in Newtown, New South Wales in 1902, the only child of Sarah Ann (née Scott) and her husband, Henry Capell. He attended North Sydney Boys' High School. Career Capell graduated from the Sydney Teachers' College in Modern Languages in 1922 and the University of Sydney in the same year as the University medallist in Classics. He taught in high schools for three years at Canterbury Boys' Intermediate High and Tamworth High School. He was then ordained deacon in 1925 and priest in 1926 in the Church of England in Australia. He worked in Newcastle for a decade, as Curate, St Peter's, Hamilton (1926–1928); Priest-in-Charge, All Saints, Belmont (1928–1929); as a teacher at Broughton School for Boys in Newcastle (1929–1932), where he was introduced to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Family
A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term ''family'' is a metaphor borrowed from biology, with the tree model used in historical linguistics analogous to a family tree, or to phylogenetic trees of taxa used in evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists thus describe the ''daughter languages'' within a language family as being ''genetically related''. The divergence of a proto-language into daughter languages typically occurs through geographical separation, with different regional dialects of the proto-language undergoing different language changes and thus becoming distinct languages over time. One well-known example of a language family is the Romance languages, including Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Catalan, and many others, all of which are descended from Vulgar Latin.Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.)''Ethnologue: Languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
