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Trionychia
Trionychia is a superfamily of turtles which encompasses the species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ... that are commonly referred to as softshelled turtles as well as some others. The group contains two families, Carettochelyidae, which has only one living species, the pig-nosed turtle (''Carettochelys insculpta'') native to New Guinea and Northern Australia, and Trionychidae, the softshelled turtles, containing numerous species native to Asia, North America and Africa. These families likely diverged during the late Jurassic. The oldest known stem-trionychian is '' Sinaspideretes'' from the Late Jurassic of China. Systematics Except for those not assigned to a family, only living genera are listed here. *Family Carettochelyidae ** Subfamily Carettochelyina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carettochelyidae
Carettochelyidae is a family of cryptodiran turtles belonging to the Trionychia. It contains only a single living species, the pig-nosed turtle (''Carettochelys insculpta'') native to New Guinea and Northern Australia. Stem-group carettochelyids are known from the Cretaceous of Asia, with the family being widely distributed across North America, Europe, Asia and Africa during much of the Cenozoic. Taxonomy After Joyce, 2014 unless otherwise noted. * Stem group taxa (also known as Pan-''Carettochelys'' Joyce, Parham and Gauthier 2004) * '' Kizylkumemys'' Nessov, 1976 ** ''Kizylkumemys khoratensis'' Tong et al., 2005 Khok Kruat Formation, Thailand, Early Cretaceous (Aptian) ** ''Kizylkumemys schultzi'' Nessov, 1976 Khodzhakul Formation, Uzbekistan, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) * Indeterminate fragments of stem-Carretochelyids are also known from the Cenomanian aged Bayan Shireh Formation, Mongolia, which were originally assigned to "''Anosteira''" ''shuwalovi'' Chkhikvadze in Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pig-nosed Turtle
The pig-nosed turtle (''Carettochelys insculpta''), also known as the Fly River turtle, the pitted-shelled turtle, and the Warrajan is a species of turtle which is native to northern Australia and southern New Guinea. It is the only living member of the genus ''Carettochelyidae, Carettochelys'' and family Carettochelyidae, a family which also contains many fossil species with their closest relatives being the softshell turtles (family Trionychidae). Systematics ''C. insculpta'' is the only living member of the genus ''Carettochelys'', the subfamily Carettochelyinae, and the Family (biology), family Carettochelyidae, with Carettochelyidae being one of two families in the Trionychia, alongside Trionychidae (softshell turtles). Carettochelyidae has an extensive fossil record extending into the Paleogene and was formerly widespread, with fossils having been found in Asia, North America, Europe, Africa and Australia. Some literature claims two subspecies, but a 2010 paper rejects th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turtle
Turtles are reptiles of the order (biology), order Testudines, characterized by a special turtle shell, shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Cryptodira (hidden necked turtles), which differ in the way the head retracts. There are 360 living and recently extinct species of turtles, including land-dwelling tortoises and freshwater terrapins. They are found on most continents, some islands and, in the case of sea turtles, much of the ocean. Like other Amniote, amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals) they breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water. Turtle shells are made mostly of bone; the upper part is the domed Turtle shell#Carapace, carapace, while the underside is the flatter plastron or belly-plate. Its outer surface is covered in scale (anatomy), scales made of keratin, the material of hair, horns, and claws. The carapace bones deve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinaspideretes
''Sinaspideretes'' is an extinct genus of turtle from the Late Jurassic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ..., probably from the Shaximiao Formation. It is considered the earliest and most basal representative of the Trionychia, and is possibly the oldest known member of Cryptodira. In 2013, it was proposed that this animal and the genus ''Yehguia'' are in fact one and the same. References Sources * ''The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia'' by Michael J. Benton, Mikhail A. Shishkin, David M. Unwin, and Evgenii N. Kurochkin * ''Chinese Fossil Vertebrates'' by Spencer G. Lucas Trionychidae Late Jurassic turtles Late Jurassic reptiles of Asia Jurassic China Prehistoric turtle genera Extinct turtles {{jurassic-reptile-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carettochelys
The pig-nosed turtle (''Carettochelys insculpta''), also known as the Fly River turtle, the pitted-shelled turtle, and the Warrajan is a species of turtle which is native to northern Australia and southern New Guinea. It is the only living member of the genus '' Carettochelys'' and family Carettochelyidae, a family which also contains many fossil species with their closest relatives being the softshell turtles (family Trionychidae). Systematics ''C. insculpta'' is the only living member of the genus ''Carettochelys'', the subfamily Carettochelyinae, and the family Carettochelyidae, with Carettochelyidae being one of two families in the Trionychia, alongside Trionychidae (softshell turtles). Carettochelyidae has an extensive fossil record extending into the Paleogene and was formerly widespread, with fossils having been found in Asia, North America, Europe, Africa and Australia. Some literature claims two subspecies, but a 2010 paper rejects this. A fossil species of the genus, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third Epoch (geology), epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time scale, geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.8 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic stratum, strata.Owen 1987. In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, ''Malm'' was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units. Subdivisions The Late Jurassic is divided into three ages, which correspond with the three (faunal) stages of Upper Jurassic rock: Paleogeography During the Late Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea broke up into two supercontinents, Laurasia to the north, and Gondwana to the south. The result of this break-up was the emergence of the Atlantic Ocean, which initially was relatively narrow. Life forms This epoch is well known for many famous types of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trionychinae
The Trionychinae are a subfamily of turtles in the family Trionychidae. Classification The subfamily has 11 extant genera: *''Amyda'' *''Apalone'' *''Axestemys'' *''Chitra (turtle), Chitra'' *''Dogania'' *''Drazinderetes'' *''Gobiapalone'' *''Khunnuchelys'' *''Murgonemys'' *''Nilssonia (turtle), Nilssonia'' *''Oliveremys'' *''Palea (turtle), Palea'' *''Palaeoamyda'' *''Pelochelys'' *''Pelodiscus'' *''Rafetoides'' (nomen dubium) *''Rafetus'' *''Trionyx'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2036081 Trionychinae, Reptile subfamilies Taxa named by John Edward Gray ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafetus
''Rafetus'' is a genus of highly endangered softshell turtles in the family Trionychidae. It is a genus of large turtles which are found in freshwater habitats in Eurasia. Taxonomy Evolution Phylogenetic evidence largely suggests that ''Rafetus'' is most closely related to the widespread North American genus ''Apalone''. The two genera appear to have diverged during the Late Eocene, likely when the ancestors of ''Apalone'' dispersed into North America via Beringia. Species According to most taxonomists, the genus ''Rafetus'' contains the following two extant species. *''Rafetus euphraticus'' – Euphrates softshell turtle; Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Iraq, Syria, Turkey, and Khūzestān Province of Iran. IUCN: Endangered. *''Rafetus swinhoei'' – Yangtze giant softshell turtle; Only three known living individuals, one in Suzhou Zoo (China) and two in two lakes in northern Vietnam, Dong Mo lake and Xuan Khanh lake. IUCN: Critically endangered. A possible third sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelodiscus
''Pelodiscus'' is a genus of turtles in the family Trionychidae, the softshells. Based on genetic and morphological analysis there are seven valid species. They are native to Eastern Asia, ranging from the Amur region, south through China and Korea, as far south as Vietnam. Populations in Japan are thought to likely originate from historic human introductions. Phylogenetic studies have recovered a high diversity of ''Pelodiscus'' genotypes in China, some of which may correspond to distinct species. However, the millennia-old practice of farming ''Pelodiscus'' for consumption, especially in large-scale turtle farms since the late 20th century, is thought to threaten these lineages due to hybridization with farmed individuals. Species *'' Pelodiscus axenaria'' — Hunan softshell turtle *'' Pelodiscus huangshanensis'' — Huangshan softshell turtle, horse-hoof softshell turtle *'' Pelodiscus maackii'' — Amur softshell turtle, northern Chinese softshell turtle *'' Pelodiscus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelochelys
''Pelochelys'' is a genus of very large softshell turtles in the family Trionychidae. They are found from peninsular India northeast to southern China, and south to Southeast Asia and New Guinea.These turtles are also known as Giant softshell turtles. The species in this genus, while still being freshwater turtles as with all Trionychidae, are unique for having significant salt tolerance and regularly entering near-coastal marine habitats. Taxonomy These three species are recognized as being valid:The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org. *'' Pelochelys bibroni'' (Owen, 1853) – southern New Guinea giant softshell turtle *'' Pelochelys cantorii'' Gray, 1864 – Cantor's giant softshell turtle *'' Pelochelys signifera'' Webb, 2002 – northern New Guinea giant softshell turtle ''Nota bene ( ; plural: ) is the Latin language, Latin phrase meaning ''note well''. In manuscripts, ''nota bene'' is abbreviated in upper-case as NB and N.B., and in lower-case as n.b. an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palea (turtle)
The wattle-necked softshell turtle (''Palea steindachneri''), also Common name, commonly known as Steindachner's soft-shelled turtle, is an Endangered species, endangered Asian species of softshell turtle in the Family (biology), family Trionychidae. The species is the Monotypic, only member of the genus ''Palea''. Description ''P. steindachneri'' exhibits sexual dimorphism. Females of this freshwater turtle reach up to in straight carapace length, while males only reach up to . However, males have a longer tail than the females. Etymology The Specific name (zoology), specific name, ''steindachneri'', is in honor of Austrian people, Austrian Herpetology, herpetologist Franz Steindachner.Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011) ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. . (''Palea steindachneri'', p. 252). Geographic range ''P. steindachneri'' is native to southeastern China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Haina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilssonia (turtle)
''Nilssonia'' is a genus of softshell turtles (family Trionychidae) from rivers, streams, ponds, and lakes in South Asia and Burma. In many treatments, it is monotypic, with the single species Burmese peacock softshell (''N. formosa''). However, the supposed other genus of peacock softshells, ''Aspideretes'', is more closely related to ''N. formosa'' than had been believed. They differ only in the neural plates between the first pleural scale pair of the bony carapace, which are fused into one in ''N. formosa'' and unfused in the others. (2007). "Genetic evidence for wild-living ''Aspideretes nigricans'' and a molecular phylogeny of South Asian softshell turtles (Reptilia: Trionychidae: ''Aspideretes, Nilssonia'')". '' Zool. Scripta'' 36 (4): 301–310. (HTML abstract) Thus, it has been proposed to unite the two genera under the older name, ''Nilssonia''. As it seems, the closest living relatives of the Burmese peacock softshell are the Indian softshell turtle (''A./N. gangetic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
