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Trichology
Trichology is the study of the hair and scalp. The term derives from Ancient Greek θρίξ (''thríx''), "hair" and -λογία ''-logia''. In most jurisdictions the title of a ''trichologist'', not the field of trichology, is considered a para-medical discipline. The Institute of Trichologists was founded in 1902. The first journal for the field, International Journal of Trichology, was founded in 2009. Diseases *Alopecia ** Alopecia areata ** Alopecia universalis ** Frictional alopecia ** Frontal fibrosing alopecia ** Loose anagen syndrome ** Pattern hair loss (''Androgenic alopecia'') **Scarring and non scarring hair loss *Hair colour ** Canities subita ** Premature greying of hair * The hair root & hair follicle disorders ** Telogen effluvium ** Trichostasis spinulosa * Hirsutism ** Trichomegaly *Pathogenic ** Microsporum audouinii ** Piedraia hortae ** Tinea capitis ** Trichobacteriosis axillaris Diagnosis *Blood test ** Vitamin deficiency * Hair analysis **Scalp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frictional Alopecia
Frictional alopecia is the loss of hair that is caused by rubbing of the hair, follicles, or skin around the follicle. The most typical example of this is the loss of ankle hair among people who wear socks constantly for years. The hair may not grow back even years after the source of friction has ended. Signs and symptoms Frictional alopecia causes hair loss secondary to frequent rubbing of the hair. Causes Frictional alopecia is a non-scarring alopecia that may result from something rubbing against the hairs or from a self-inflicted tic disorder. Friction alopecia, when self-inflicting, is called trichoteiromania, a psychiatric condition marked by obsessive hair rubbing. Friction alopecia can be brought on by something rubbing against hairs repeatedly. It has been reported in the distribution of socks and shoes on the lower extremities of men, on the back of the lower extremities from water slides, in gymnasts performing head stands and rollovers on the balance beam, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Journal Of Trichology
The ''International Journal of Trichology'' is a biannual peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the Hair Research Society of India. The journal publishes articles on the subject of trichology including forensic trichology. The editor-in-chief is Patrick Yesudian. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus Scopus is a scientific abstract and citation database, launched by the academic publisher Elsevier as a competitor to older Web of Science in 2004. The ensuing competition between the two databases has been characterized as "intense" and is c ..., EBSCO databases, and Expanded Academic ASAP. External linksOfficial Website Dermatology journals Open access journals Biannual journals English-language journals Medknow Publications academic journals Academic journals established in 2009 Trichology Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies {{dermatology-jou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Premature Greying Of Hair
Premature greying of hair is the process of greying of hair occurring at an unusually early age. It can have negative effects on self-confidence, self-esteem, and social acceptance of the affected individual. Hair is said to have greyed prematurely if it occurs before the age of 20 years in Europeans, before 25 years in Asians, and before 30 years in Africans. Cause Cause of greying is incompletely understood. It is a complex multi-factorial process mainly considered to be an interplay of nutritional, genetic and environmental factors. Stress causing over-activation of the sympathetic nervous system increases noradrenaline release in hair follicles. This overproduction causes depletion of the melanocyte stem cells which are required to produce melanin, the pigment responsible for hair color. Premature greying of hair has been observed with greater frequency among certain families, suggesting a familial predisposition for the condition. As hair pigmentation is a result of c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pattern Hair Loss
Pattern hair loss (also known as androgenetic alopecia (AGA)) is a hair loss condition that primarily affects the top and front of the scalp. In male-pattern hair loss (MPHL), the hair loss typically presents itself as either a receding front hairline, loss of hair on the crown and vertex of the scalp, or a combination of both. Female-pattern hair loss (FPHL) typically presents as a diffuse thinning of the hair across the entire scalp. The condition is caused by a combination of male sex hormones (balding never occurs in castrated men) and genetic factors. Some research has found evidence for the role of oxidative stress in hair loss, the microbiome of the scalp, genetics, and circulating androgens; particularly dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Men with early onset androgenic alopecia (before the age of 35) have been deemed the male phenotypic equivalent for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The cause in female pattern hair loss remains unclear; androgenetic alopecia for women i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichostasis Spinulosa
Trichostasis spinulosa is a common but rarely diagnosed disorder of the hair follicles that clinically gives the impression of blackheads, but the follicles are filled with funnel-shaped, horny plugs that are bundles of vellus hairs.James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. . Signs and symptoms Trichostasis spinulosa can appear in several ways, such as open comedones or elevated follicular spicules, or it can stay invisible. Lesions on the face, cheek, and nose are frequently found in the patients. Causes The exact etiology of trichostasis spinulosa is unknown. There have been suggestions for congenital variables such hair follicle dysplasia as well as extrinsic elements like dust, oils, UV light, heat, and allergens. According to one theory, hyperkeratosis in the follicular infundibulum causes hair shaft entrapment, which prevents regular hair shedding. Diagnosis Standard skin s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microsporum Audouinii
''Microsporum audouinii'' is an anthropophilic fungus in the genus '' Microsporum''. It is a type of dermatophyte that colonizes keratinized tissues (primarily hair) causing infection. The fungus is characterized by its spindle-shaped macroconidia (7–30 × 35–160 μm), clavate microconidia (2.5–3.5 × 4–7 μm) as well as its pitted or spiny external walls. Growth conditions This fungus is often found in soil that is rich in keratinous material. However, there are other factors that can influence its growth, such as pH, relative humidity, organic carbon, nitrogen and temperature. ''Microsporum audouinii'' appears to prefer a neutral pH in the range of 6.8-7.0 and room temperature for growth. Drastic increases or decreases in temperature can inhibit its growth. ''Microsporum audouinii'' is effective in utilizing its carbon sources, but growth is strongest in the hexoses (glucose, mannose and fructose) and weakest in maltose, sucrose, lactose and galactose. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamilton–Norwood Scale
The Hamilton–Norwood scale is used to classify the stages of male pattern baldness. It is a widely accepted and reproducible classification system for male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia). The stages are described with a number from 1 to 7 with a type A variant for the cases with anterior involvement. Overview Androgenetic alopecia follows a defined pattern of hair loss, beginning with bitemporal recession of the frontal hairline. Eventually, diffuse thinning over the vertex (top) of the scalp occurs. With progression, complete hair loss in this region is common. The bald patch progressively enlarges and eventually joins the receding frontal hairline. This measurement scale was first introduced by James Hamilton in the 1950s and later revised and updated by O'Tar Norwood in the 1970s. It is sometimes referred to as the Norwood–Hamilton scale or simply the Norwood scale. The scale is regularly used by doctors to assess the severity of baldness, but it is not cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hirsutism
Hirsutism is excessive body hair on parts of the body where hair is normally absent or minimal. The word is from early 17th century: from Latin ''hirsutus'' meaning "hairy". It usually refers to a male pattern of hair growth in a female that may be a sign of a more serious medical condition, especially if it develops well after puberty. Cultural stigma against hirsutism can cause much psychological distress and social difficulty. Discrimination based on facial hirsutism often leads to the avoidance of social situations and to symptoms of anxiety and depression. Hirsutism is usually the result of an underlying endocrine imbalance, which may be adrenal, ovarian, or central. It can be caused by increased levels of androgen hormones. The amount and location of the hair is measured by a Ferriman–Gallwey score. It is different from hypertrichosis, which is excessive hair growth anywhere on the body. Treatments may include certain birth control pills, antiandrogens, or ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piedraia Hortae
''Piedraia hortae'' is a superficial fungus that exists in the soils of tropical and subtropical environments and affects both sexes of all ages. The fungus grows very slowly, forming dark hyphae, which contain chlamydoconidia cells and black colonies when grown on agar. ''Piedraia hortae'' is a dermatophyte and causes a superficial fungal infection known as black piedra, which causes the formation of black nodules on the hair shaft and leads to progressive weakening of the hair. The infection usually infects hairs on the scalp and beard, but other varieties tend to grow on pubic hairs. The infection is usually treated with cutting or shaving of the hair and followed by the application of anti-fungal and topical agents. The fungus is used for cosmetic purposes to darken hair in some societies as a symbol of attractiveness. Morphology When grown on agar at ''Piedraia hortae'' grows very slowly to form black-greenish, limited and pointed colonies. ''Piedraia hortae'' taken from i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichobacteriosis Axillaris
''Trichomycosis axillaris'' is a superficial bacterial colonization of the hair shafts in sweat gland–bearing areas, such as the armpits and the groin. It is a trivial disease of worldwide occurrence that is believed to be caused by the genus ''Corynebacteria''. The condition has been called ''trichomycosis axillaris'' in literature extensively, but because it is a bacterial infection and not a fungal infection, its official name is ''trichobacteriosis''. Presentation It is characterized by the presence of concretions along the hair shafts, clinically observed as yellow, and rarely as red or black nodules. These concretions derive from bacterial colonization along the hair shaft containing dried apocrine sweat with a cementing substance generated by the bacteria. Cause It is caused by several species of ''Corynebacterium''. Obesity, hyperhidrosis, poor local hygiene, and warm, moist environments are common predisposing factors. Diagnosis The infection is diagnosed by close ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canities Subita
Canities subita, also called Marie Antoinette syndrome or Thomas More syndrome, is an alleged condition of hair turning white overnight due to stress or trauma. The trivial names come from specific cases in history including that of Queen Marie Antoinette of France whose hair was noted as having turned stark white overnight after her capture following the ill-fated flight to Varennes during the French Revolution. An older case of Sir Thomas More's hair turning white the night before his beheading has also been recorded. Although a number of cases of rapid hair greying have been documented, the underlying patho-physiological changes have not been sufficiently studied. Causes The syndrome has been hypothesized to be a variant of alopecia areata diffusa or autoimmune non-scarring hair loss that selectively affects all pigmented hairs, leaving only the white hair behind. Canities subita is caused by high levels of emotional stress, which, in turn, causes less pigmentation of the hair ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Root Sheath (hair)
The inner or epidermic coat of the hair follicle is closely adherent to the root of the hair, and consists of two strata named respectively the outer and inner root sheaths. Outer root sheath The outer root sheath corresponds with the stratum mucosum (stratum germinativum and stratum spinosum) of the epidermis, and resembles it in the rounded form and soft character of its cells; at the bottom of the hair follicle these cells become continuous with those of the root of the hair. Inner root sheath The inner root sheath (IRS) consists of: # a delicate cuticle A cuticle (), or cuticula, is any of a variety of tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection. Various types of "cuticle" are non- homologous, differing in their origin, structu ... next the hair, composed of a single layer of imbricated scales with atrophied nuclei; # Huxley's layer # Henle's layer The term "trichilemmal" refers to the outer ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
