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Toltec History
The Toltec culture () was a pre-Columbian Mesoamerican culture that ruled a state centered in Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico, during the Epiclassic and the early Post-Classic period of Mesoamerican chronology, reaching prominence from 950 to 1150 CE. The later Aztec culture considered the Toltec to be their intellectual and cultural predecessors and described Toltec culture emanating from ''Tōllān'' (Nahuatl for Tula) as the epitome of civilization. In the Nahuatl language the word ''Tōltēkatl'' (singular) or ''Tōltēkah'' (plural) came to take on the meaning "artisan". The Aztec oral and pictographic tradition also described the history of the Toltec Empire, giving lists of rulers and their exploits. Modern scholars debate whether the Aztec narratives of Toltec history should be given credence as descriptions of actual historical events. While all scholars acknowledge that there is a large mythological part of the narrative, some maintain that, by using a critical comparative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jon Anderson
Jon Anderson (born John Roy Anderson, 25 October 1944) is a British, and latterly American, singer, songwriter and musician, best known as the former lead singer of the progressive rock band Yes (band), Yes, which he formed in 1968 with bassist Chris Squire. Renowned for his countertenor range, he was a member of the band across three tenures until 2004, and was also the singer of the Yes-linked projects Anderson Bruford Wakeman Howe and Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin, Rick Wakeman. Anderson became an American citizen in 2009 with dual citizenship. Anderson is also noted for his solo career and collaborations with other artists, including Vangelis as Jon and Vangelis, Roine Stolt as Invention of Knowledge, Anderson/Stolt, and Jean-Luc Ponty as the Anderson Ponty Band. He has also appeared on albums by King Crimson, Toto (band), Toto, Lawrence Gowan, Tangerine Dream, Iron Butterfly, Milton Nascimento, Battles (band), Battles, Mike Oldfield and Kitaro. Anderson releas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coba
Coba () is an ancient Maya city on the Yucatán Peninsula, located in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. The site is the nexus of the largest network of stone causeways of the ancient Maya world, and it contains many engraved and sculpted stelae that document ceremonial life and important events of the Late Classic Period (AD 600–900) of Mesoamerican civilization. The adjacent modern village bearing the same name, reported a population of 1,278 inhabitants in the 2010 Mexican federal census. The ruins of Coba lie 47 km (approx. 29 mi) northwest of Tulum, in the State of Quintana Roo, Mexico. The geographical coordinates of Coba Group (main entrance for tourist area of the archaeological site) are North 19° 29.6’ and West 87° 43.7’. The archaeological zone is reached by a two-kilometer branch from the asphalt road connecting Tulum with Nuevo Xcán (a community of Lázaro Cárdenas, another municipality of Quintana Roo) on the Valladolid to Cancún highway. Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chichimec
Chichimeca () is the name that the Nahua peoples of Mexico generically applied to nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples who were established in present-day Bajío region of Mexico. Chichimeca carried the same meaning as the Roman term "barbarian" that described Germanic tribes. The name, with its pejorative sense, was adopted by the Spanish Empire. In the words of scholar Charlotte M. Gradie, "for the Spanish, the Chichimecas were a wild, nomadic people who lived north of the Valley of Mexico. They had no fixed dwelling places, lived by hunting, wore little clothes and fiercely resisted foreign intrusion into their territory, which happened to contain silver mines the Spanish wished to exploit."Gradie, Charlotte M. "Discovering the Chichimecas" ''Academy of American Franciscan History'', Vol 51, No. 1 (July 1994), p. 68 Gradie noted that Chichimeca was used as a broad and generalizing term by outsiders, writing, " twas used by both Spanish and Nahuatl speakers to refer collectively ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chalco (altépetl)
Chālco was a complex pre-Columbian Nahua '' altepetl'' or confederacy in central Mexico. It was divided into the four sub-altepetl of Tlalmanalco/ Tlacochcalco, Amaquemecan, Tenanco Texopalco Tepopolla and Chimalhuacan-Chalco, which were themselves further subdivided into ''altepetl tlayacatl'', each with its own ''tlatoani'' (king). Its inhabitants were known as the ''Chālcatl'' (singular) or ''Chālcah'' (plural). In the 14th and early 15th centuries, flower wars were fought between the Chalca and the Aztecs. Serious war erupted in 1446. According to the Amaqueme historian Chimalpahin, this was because the Chalca refused a Mexica demand to contribute building materials for the temple of Huitzilopochtli. Chalco was finally conquered by the Aztecs under Moctezuma I in or around 1465, and the kings of Chalco were exiled to Huexotzinco. The rulerships were restored by Tizoc in 1486, who installed new ''tlatoque''. This was achieved, in part, by the diplomacy work car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chalco Glyph ZP
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Chalco may refer to: *Chalco de Díaz Covarrubias, or simply Chalco, seat of the municipality of Chalco, State of México *Chalco (altépetl), an altépetl or pre-Columbian city-state in central Mexico *Lake Chalco, endorheic lake formerly located in the Valley of Mexico * Chalco, Nebraska in northern Sarpy County, Nebraska, United States * Chalco Hills Recreation Area in Nebraska *Valle de Chalco Solidaridad, a municipality located in State of Mexico, Mexico *Chalco, Aluminum Corporation of China Limited *The Chalco system in A. A. Attanasio's '' The Last Legends of Earth'' See also * Calco * Chaco (other) *Chalcon In Greek mythology, the name Chalcon (Χάλκων) may refer to: *Chalcon, one of the Telchines. *Chalcon, a Myrmidonian, father of Bathycles who was killed by Glaucus in the Trojan War. *Chalcon, father of a daughter Antiochis who, in one versi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecatepec De Morelos
Ecatepec (), officially Ecatepec de Morelos, is a municipality in the State of Mexico situated in the north of the Greater Mexico City urban area. The municipal seat is San Cristóbal Ecatepec. The city of Ecatepec is co-extensive with the municipality, comprising 99% of the total population of 1,645,352. It is Mexico's third most-populous municipality after Tijuana and the 16 boroughs of Mexico City. It is also the most-populous suburb of Greater Mexico City. The name "Ecatepec" is derived from Nahuatl and means "windy hill" or "hill devoted to Ehecatl" (the wind god). It was also an alternative name for or invocation of the god Quetzalcoatl. "Morelos" refers to José María Morelos, a hero of the Mexican War of Independence. Saint Christopher is the city's patron saint, celebrated on July 25. Ecatepec is served by the Mexico City metro, by the State of Mexico's Mexibús bus rapid transit lines, and by Mexicable aerial cable car lines. Points of interest include the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acolhua
The Acolhua are a Mesoamerican people who arrived in the Valley of Mexico in or around the year 1200 CE. The Acolhua were a sister culture of the Aztecs (or Mexica) as well as the Tepanec, Chalca, Xochimilca and others. The most important political entity in ancient Mesoamerica was the Triple Alliance (Nahuatl, ''excan tlatoloyan''), founded in 1428 when the rulers of Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan formed an alliance that replaced the Tepanec Empire of Azcapotzalco and eventually integrated into a single polity the most developed regions of western Mesoamerica. Because of the predominance of Tenochtitlan, it has also been called the Mexica, Aztec, or Tenochca Empire. It came to an end with the Spanish conquest of 1521. Each of the three allied kings led a group of lesser kingdoms that coincided with the three major ethnic components and political powers of previous times: the Colhuas, the Acolhua- Chichimecs, and the Tepanecs. The domain of Tenochtitlan was the sout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acolhuacan
Acolhuacan or Aculhuacan (Nahuatl: ''ācōlhuahcān''; ) was a pre-Columbian province in the east of the Valley of Mexico, inhabited by the Acolhua. Its capital was initially Coatlichan, but this settlement was eventually eclipsed in importance by Texcoco (Tetzcoco). In some sources, the name "Acolhuacan" was also used to refer to a city within the larger Acolhuacan province (e.g., in the Codex Mendoza, folio 21v). Frances Berdan and Patricia Rieff Anawalt argue that it was likely Texcoco, Acolman Acolman de Nezahualcóyotl is a town and municipality located in the northern part of State of Mexico, part of the Greater Mexico City area, just north of the city proper. According to myth, the first man was placed here after being taken out of L ..., or Coatlichan, with the latter two being "the most likely prospects." Additional scholars largely agree that Acolhuacan was likely another name for Coatlichan.Lee (2009): p. 78, 90. Notes References * * * * * * Historical regions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azcapotzalco (altepetl)
Azcapotzalco was a pre-Columbian Nahua '' altepetl'' (state), capital of the Tepanec empire, in the Valley of Mexico, on the western shore of Lake Texcoco. The name ''Azcapotzalco'' means "at the anthill" in Nahuatl. Its inhabitants were called ''Azcapotzalca''. According to the 17th century annalist Chimalpahin, Azcapotzalco was founded by Chichimecs in the year 995 AD. The most famous ruler ('' tlatoani'') of Azcapotzalco was Tezozomoctli. History According to chronicler Fernando Alva Ixtlilxóchitl, the Tepanecs were a Chichimec group that settled in 1012 in the region west of Lake Texcoco. Their lineage began when their Acolhua leader (or Acolnahuacatl) married Xolotl's daughter Cuetlaxochitzin. But this information is apocryphal, since Acolnahuacatl's life is considered to have occurred much later. Chimalpahin places their settlement before, in 995. In fact, archaeological investigations have revealed that Azcapotzalco was inhabited since the Classical period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Totonacapan
Totonacapan refers to the historical extension where the Totonac people of Mexico dominated, as well as to a region in the modern states of Veracruz and Puebla. The historical territory was much larger than the currently named region, extending from the Cazones River in the north to the Papaloapan River in the south and then west from the Gulf of Mexico into what is now the Sierra Norte de Puebla region and into parts of Hidalgo. When the Spanish arrived, the Totonac ethnicity dominated this large region, although they themselves were dominated by the Aztec Empire. For this reason, they allied with Hernán Cortés against Tenochtitlán. However, over the colonial period, the Totonac population and territory shrank, especially after 1750 when mestizos began infiltrating Totonacapan, taking political and economic power. This continued into the 19th and 20th centuries, prompting the division of most of historical Totonacpan between the states of Puebla and Veracruz. Today, the term r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
