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Toll (fee)
A toll is a fee charged for the use of a road or waterway. History Tolls usually had to be paid at strategic locations such as bridges (sometimes called a bridge toll) or gates. In Europe, the road toll goes back to the practice of the Germanic tribes, who charged fees to travellers if they wanted to cross over mountain passages. From that time, road tolls became commonplace in medieval times, especially in the Holy Roman Empire. The Empire had a "passage system" whereby a number of toll stations would be established on a route where small tolls were collected. Examples were the Ochsenweg in Schleswig-Holstein which had toll stations at Kongeå, Königsau and Rendsburg, Neumünster, Bramstedt (Hagen in Bremen), Bramstedt and Ulzburg,Klaus-Joachim Lorenzen-Schmidt, Ortwin Pelc (ed.): ''Das neue Schleswig-Holstein Lexikon.'' Wachholtz, Neumünster, 2006, Lemma Zoll. as well as the Gabler Road with the Karlsfried Castle as its toll station. Another form of road tax was ''Linieng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paying Toll On Passing A Bridge From A Painted Window In The Cathedral Of Tournay Fifteenth Century
A payment is the tender of something of value (economics), value, such as money or its equivalent, by one Party (law), party (such as a person or company) to another in exchange for good (accounting), goods or Service (economics), services provided by them, or to fulfill a legal obligation or philanthropy, philanthropy desire. The party making the payment is commonly called the payer, while the payee is the party receiving the payment. Whilst payments are often made voluntarily, some payments are compulsory, such as payment of a fine (penalty), fine. Payments can be effected in a number of ways, for example: * the use of money, whether through cash, cheque, mobile payment or Wire transfer, bank transfers. * the transfer of anything of value, such as share capital, stock, or using barter, the exchange of one good or service for another. In general, payees are at liberty to determine what method of payment they will accept; though normally laws require the payer to accept the countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabler Road
Gabler (or Gäbler) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Christoph August Gabler (1767–1839), German composer * Frank Gabler (1911–1967), American baseball player *Fritz Gäbler (1897–1974), German politician * Gabe Gabler (1930–2014), American baseball player *Johann Philipp Gabler (1753–1826), German Protestant theologian * John Gabler (1930–2009), American baseball player * Josephine Gabler (1879–1961), American physician * Kathrin Gabler (born 1984), German Egyptologist * Matt Gabler (born 1983), American politician * Mel and Norma Gabler (1915–2014; 1923–2007), American activists * Mike Gabler (born 1970), Winner of Survivor 43 *Milt Gabler (1911–2001), American record producer *Neal Gabler (born 1950), American journalist * Roland Gäbler (born 1964), German sailor * Rosalie Gabler (c.1870–1949), German-British psychotherapist * Wally Gabler (1944–2025), American football player See also *''Hedda Gabler ''Hedda Gabler'' () is a pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Road Congestion Pricing
Congestion pricing or congestion charges is a system of surcharging users of public goods that are subject to congestion through excess demand, such as through higher peak charges for use of bus services, electricity, metros, railways, telephones, and road pricing to reduce traffic congestion; airlines and shipping companies may be charged higher fees for slots at airports and through canals at busy times. This pricing strategy regulates demand, making it possible to manage congestion without increasing supply. According to the economic theory behind congestion pricing, the objective of this policy is to use the price mechanism to cover the social cost of an activity where users otherwise do not pay for the negative externalities they create (such as driving in a congested area during peak demand). By setting a price on an over-consumed product, congestion pricing encourages the redistribution of the demand in space or in time, leading to more efficient outcomes. Singapore ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronic Payment System
An e-commerce payment system (or an electronic payment system) facilitates the acceptance of electronic payment for offline transfer, also known as a subcomponent of electronic data interchange (EDI), e-commerce payment systems have become increasingly popular due to the widespread use of the internet-based shopping and banking. Credit cards remain the most common form of payment for e-commerce transactions. As of 2008, in North America, almost 90% of online retail transactions were made with this payment type.Turban, E. King, D. McKay, J. Marshall, P. Lee, J & Vielhand, D. (2008). Electronic Commerce 2008: A Managerial Perspective. London: Pearson Education Ltd. p.550 It is difficult for an online retailer to operate without supporting credit and debit cards due to their widespread use. Online merchants must comply with stringent rules stipulated by the credit and debit card issuers (e.g. Visa and Mastercard) in accordance with a bank and financial regulation in the countries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Signal
Radio waves (formerly called Hertzian waves) are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the lowest frequencies and the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies below 300 gigahertz (GHz) and wavelengths greater than , about the diameter of a grain of rice. Radio waves with frequencies above about 1 GHz and wavelengths shorter than 30 centimeters are called microwaves. Like all electromagnetic waves, radio waves in vacuum travel at the speed of light, and in the Earth's atmosphere at a slightly lower speed. Radio waves are generated by charged particles undergoing acceleration, such as time-varying electric currents. Naturally occurring radio waves are emitted by lightning and astronomical objects, and are part of the blackbody radiation emitted by all warm objects. Radio waves are generated artificially by an electronic device called a transmitter, which is connected to an antenna, which radiates the waves. They are received ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transponder
In telecommunications, a transponder is a device that, upon receiving a signal, emits a different signal in response. The term is a blend of ''transmitter'' and ''responder''. In air navigation or radio frequency identification, a flight transponder is an automated transceiver in an aircraft that emits a coded identifying signal in response to an interrogating received signal. In a communications satellite, a satellite transponder receives signals over a range of uplink frequencies, usually from a satellite ground station; the transponder amplifies them, and re-transmits them on a different set of downlink frequencies to receivers on Earth, often without changing the content of the received signal or signals. Satellite/broadcast communications A communications satellite’s channels are called transponders because each is a separate transceiver or repeater. With digital video data compression and multiplexing, several video and audio channels may travel through a single tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toll Booth
A tollbooth (or toll booth) is an enclosure placed along a toll road that is used for the purpose of collecting a toll from passing traffic. A structure consisting of several tollbooths placed next to each other is called a toll plaza, tollgate, or toll station. They have historically been staffed by transportation agents who manually collect the toll, but, in the modern day, many have been replaced with automatic electronic toll collection systems, such as E-ZPass in the Northeastern United States. Replacement In the 21st century, electronic toll collection (ETC) has replaced former locations of tollbooths around the world. ETC is an automated system that allows drivers to pay tolls without stopping. Benefits of automatic toll collection include reducing air pollution and fuel consumption, and saving motorists time and money compared to traditional tollbooths. The COVID-19 pandemic led to further losses of tollbooths, causing the U.S. state of Maryland to accelerate its s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toll Tunnel
A toll tunnel is a road tunnel where a monetary charge (or ''Fee, toll'') is required to pass through. This is done by a gate before entering the tunnel or online. List of toll tunnels United States Tolls removed * Hampton Roads Bridge–Tunnel, between Hampton, Virginia, Hampton and Norfolk, Virginia South Africa * Huguenot Tunnel, South Africa United Kingdom * Dartford Crossing, Kent to Essex * Kingsway Tunnel, Wallasey to Liverpool * Queensway Tunnel, Birkenhead to Liverpool * Tyne Tunnel, North Shields to South Shields * Blackwall Tunnel, Tower Hamlets to Greenwich * Silvertown Tunnel, Newham to Greenwich (2025) Ireland * Dublin Port Tunnel, Dublin * Limerick Tunnel, Limerick Türkiye * Göcek Tunnel, Muğla Province, Muğla * Eurasia Tunnel, Eurasia(Turkish:Avrasya) Tunnel, Istanbul, İstanbul Australia * Burnley Tunnel, Burnley and Domain Tunnels, CityLink, Melbourne * Melba and Mullum-Mullum Tunnels, EastLink (Melbourne), EastLink, Melbourne * Sydney Harbour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toll Bridge
A toll bridge is a bridge where a monetary charge (or '' toll'') is required to pass over. Generally the private or public owner, builder and maintainer of the bridge uses the toll to recoup their investment, in much the same way as a toll road. History The practice of collecting tolls on bridges harks back to the days of ferry crossings where people paid a fee to be ferried across stretches of water. As boats became impractical to carry large loads, ferry operators looked for new sources of revenue. Having built a bridge, they hoped to recoup their investment by charging tolls for people, animals, vehicles, and goods to cross it. The original London Bridge across the river Thames opened as a toll bridge, but an accumulation of funds by the charitable trust that operated the bridge ( Bridge House Estates) saw that the charges were dropped. Using interest on its capital assets, the trust now owns and runs all seven central London bridges at no cost to taxpayers or users. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HOV Lane
A high-occupancy vehicle lane (also known as an HOV lane, carpool lane, diamond lane, 2+ lane, and transit lane or T2 or T3 lanes) is a restricted traffic lane reserved for the exclusive use of vehicles with a driver and at least one passenger, including carpools, vanpools, and transit buses. These restrictions may be only imposed during peak travel times or may apply at all times. There are different types of lanes: temporary or permanent lanes with concrete barriers, two-directional or reversible lanes, and exclusive, concurrent, or contraflow lanes working in peak periods. The normal minimum occupancy level is two or three occupants. Many jurisdictions exempt other vehicles, including motorcycles, charter buses, emergency and law enforcement vehicles, low-emission and other green vehicles, and/or single-occupancy vehicles paying a toll. HOV lanes are normally introduced to increase average vehicle occupancy and persons traveling with the goal of reducing traffic congestio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toll Road
A toll road, also known as a turnpike or tollway, is a public or private road for which a fee (or ''Toll (fee), toll'') is assessed for passage. It is a form of road pricing typically implemented to help recoup the costs of road construction and Road maintenance, maintenance. Toll roads have existed in some form since Classical antiquity, antiquity, with tolls levied on passing travelers on foot, wagon, or horseback; a practice that continued with the automobile, and many modern tollways charge fees for motor vehicles exclusively. The amount of the toll usually varies by vehicle type, weight, or number of axles, with freight trucks often charged higher rates than cars. Tolls are often collected at toll plazas, toll booths, toll houses, toll stations, toll bars, toll barriers, or toll gates. Some toll collection points are automatic, and the user deposits money in a machine which opens the gate once the correct toll has been paid. To cut costs and minimise time delay, many tolls ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
