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Synbranchidae
The swamp eels (also written "swamp-eels") are a family (Synbranchidae) of freshwater eel-like fishes of the tropics and subtropics. Most species are able to breathe air and typically live in marshes, ponds and damp places, sometimes burying themselves in the mud if the water source dries up. They have various adaptations to suit this lifestyle; they are long and slender, they lack pectoral and pelvic fins, and their dorsal and anal fins are vestigial, making them limbless vertebrates. They lack scales and a swimbladder, and their gills open on the throat in a slit or pore. Oxygen can be absorbed through the lining of the mouth and pharynx, which is rich in blood vessels and acts as a "lung". Although adult swamp eels have virtually no fins, the larvae have large pectoral fins which they use to fan water over their bodies, thus ensuring gas exchange before their adult breathing apparatus develops. When about a fortnight old they shed these fins and assume the adult form. Most sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cavefish
Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. Related terms are subterranean fish, Troglomorphism, troglomorphic fish, troglobitic fish, stygobitic fish, phreatic fish, and hypogean fish.Romero, Aldemaro, editor (2001). ''The Biology of Hypogean Fishes.'' Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. Helfman, G.S. (2007). ''Fish Conservation: A Guide to Understanding and Restoring Global Aquatic Biodiversity and Fishery Resources'', pp. 41–42. Island Press. There are more than 200 Species description, scientifically described species of obligate cavefish found on all continents, except Antarctica. Although widespread as a group, many species have very small ranges and are Threatened species, threatened.Fenolio, D.B.; Zhao, Y.; Niemiller, M.L.; and Stout, J. (2013). ''In-situ observations of seven enigmatic cave loaches and one cave barbel from Guangxi, China, with notes on conservation sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synbranchiformes
Synbranchiformes, often called swamp eels, though that name can also refer specifically to Synbranchidae, is an order of ray-finned fishes that are eel-like but have spiny rays, indicating that they belong to the superorder Acanthopterygii. Taxonomy No synbrachiform fossil is known. The Mastacembeloidei were removed from the Perciformes and added to the Synbranchiformes after a phylogenetic analysis by Johnson and Patterson. These authors consider the Synbranchiformes to be part of a monophyletic group called Smegmamorpha, also containing Mugilimorpha, Atherinomorpha, Gasterosteiformes, and Elassomatidae. Later authors have proposed that the Synbranchiformes along with the Anabantiformes, Carangiformes, Istiophoriformes and Pleuronectiformes form a sister clade to the Ovalentaria which has been called the "Carangimorpharia" but in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World this clade remained unnamed and unranked. There are a total of about 99 species divided over 15 gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monopterus
''Monopterus'' is a genus of swamp eels native to Asia. They live in various freshwater habitats and some have a fossorial lifestyle.Britz, R., Doherty-Bone, T.M., Kouete, M.T., Sykes, D. & Gower, D.J. (2016)''Monopterus luticolus'', a new species of swamp eel from Cameroon (Teleostei: Synbranchidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 27 (4): 309-323.'' Species Four recognized species are placed in this genus: * '' M. albus'' ( Zuiew, 1793) (Asian swamp eel) * ''M. bicolor'' H. D. Nguyễn & V. H. Nguyễn, 2005 * ''M. dienbienensis'' V. H. Nguyễn & H. D. Nguyễn, 2005 * ''M. javanensis'' Lacépède, 1800 Six species from South Asia (''M. cuchia'', '' M. desilvai'', ''M. hodgarti'', ''M. fossorius'', ''M. ichthyophoides'', and '' M. indicus'') have been reclassified to the genus '' Ophichthys''. Four fossorial or subterranean species (''M. digressus'', '' M. eapeni'', '' M. rongsaw'', and ''M. roseni'') from India have been reclassified to the genus '' Rakthamich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ophisternon
''Ophisternon'' is a genus of swamp eels found in fresh and brackish waters in South and Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, Middle America and West Africa West Africa, also known as Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations geoscheme for Africa#Western Africa, United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Gha .... Two species are blind cave-dwellers.Romero, A., editor (2001). ''The Biology of Hypogean Fishes.'' Developments in Environmental Biology of Fishes. Species There are currently seven recognized species in this genus: * '' Ophisternon aenigmaticum'' D. E. Rosen & Greenwood, 1976 (Obscure swamp eel) * '' Ophisternon afrum'' ( Boulenger, 1909) (Guinea swamp eel) * '' Ophisternon bengalense'' McClelland, 1844 (Bengal eel) * '' Ophisternon candidum'' ( Mees, 1962) (Blind cave eel) * '' Ophisternon gutturale'' ( J. Richardson, 1845) (Australian swamp eel) * '' Ophisternon in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typhlosynbranchus
''Typhlosynbranchus'' is a genus of swamp eels that are native to West and Central Africa. It contains two species that were formerly classified in the primarily Asian genus ''Monopterus.'' Taxonomy The genus was originally formed by Jacques Pellegrin in 1922 for the Liberian swamp eel, but later studies synonymized it with ''Monopterus''. However, a 2020 study found significant divergence between the two taxa and revived the genus for ''M. boueti'' and the recently described ''M. luticolus''. Species One of the two species, ''T. boueti'', is primarily found in aquatic environments, while the other (''T. luticolus'') has a fossorial lifestyle in inundated soil. * '' Typhlosynbranchus boueti ('' Pellegrin, 1922) (Liberian swamp eel) * '' Typhlosynbranchus luticolus'' Britz Britz () is a German locality (''Ortsteil'') within the Berlin borough (''Bezirk'') of Neukölln. History The village of ''Britzig'' was first mentioned in 1273. It was incorporated by the 1920 Great ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monopterus Indicus
The Bombay swamp eel (''Ophichthys indicus''), also known as the paytop in Marathi, is a species of fish in the family Synbranchidae. It is endemic to the state of Maharashtra in India. Taxonomy It was at first classified in the genus ''Amphipnous'', but it was later moved to '' Monopterus''. However a 2020 study found it to form a distinct clade with about 4 other species also previously classified in ''Monopterus'', and the genus '' Ophichthys'' was thus revived to contain them. Distribution This species is thought to be endemic to the northern Western Ghats of India, in the state of Maharashtra. It is currently known from 5-10 localities: Robber's Cave and Dhobi Falls in Mahabaleshwar, Kanheri Falls near Kanheri Caves in Mumbai, and the Tamhini and Tail Baila areas in Pune. However, it is thought to occur in other localities as well. Habitat The species inhabits swamps and marshy areas associated with hill streams. During the early part of the monsoon season, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synbranchus
''Synbranchus'' is a genus of swamp eels native to Central and South America. Species There are currently four recognized species in this genus: * '' Synbranchus lampreia'' Favorito, Zanata & Assumpção, 2005 * '' Synbranchus madeirae'' D. E. Rosen & Rumney, 1972 * '' Synbranchus marmoratus'' Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include: A *Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881–1925), Austrian entrepreneur *Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter *Alexandre Bloch (1857–1919), French painter *Alfred Bloch ( ..., 1795 (Marbled swamp eel) * '' Synbranchus royal'' Sabaj Pérez, Arce H. & de Sousa, 2022 References External links * * Synbranchidae {{synbranchiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakthamichthys
''Rakthamichthys'' is a genus of swamp eels that are endemic to India. Three species are known from the Western Ghats and one is known from Northeast India. All species live underground, with one species (''R. rongsaw'') having a fossorial lifestyle and three species (''R. digressus'', ''R. roseni'', and ''R. indicus'') being troglobitic in nature. All species display adaptations to this lifestyle, including a bright red coloration and highly reduced eyes. Taxonomy All four species were formerly classified in the genus ''Monopterus'' until a 2020 study found significant genetic and osteological differences between them and the rest of ''Monopterus'', including unique and highly divergent characteristics in the gill arch skeleton. This led to the species being classified in a new genus ''Rakthamichthys'', with "raktham" meaning "blood-red" in Malayalam, as a reference to their distinctive coloration. Species * '' Rakthamichthys digressus'' (K. C. Gopi, 2002) (blind eel) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synbranchus Marmoratus
''Synbranchus marmoratus'', the marbled swamp eel, neotropical swamp eel, marmorated swamp eel, mottled swamp eel, zange, or muçum is a species of swamp eel native to Central and South America, including the island of Trinidad and Grenada. Description The marbled swamp eel has an elongated cylindrical body and can grow to a maximum length of about , although a more normal adult length is . The dorsal and anal fins are vestigial and the paired pectoral and pelvic fins are missing altogether. The lining of the mouth is rich in blood vessels and provides an additional surface for gas exchange when the swamp eel breathes air. Ecology When in water, the marbled swamp eel is able to use its fully functional gills to breathe, whereas on land it can breathe with the lining of the mouth and pharynx. It is a nocturnal predator and feeds on any small prey in its environment such as frogs, tadpoles, fish, spiders, insects and other invertebrates. It moves through dense vegetation on rive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrotrema
''Macrotrema caligans'' is a species of swamp eel native to Peninsular Malaysia and the Mae Nam Chao Praya basin in Thailand. The male guards a nest in a burrow. This species is the only known member of its genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino .... References Synbranchidae Fish described in 1849 Taxa named by Charles Tate Regan {{synbranchiformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marbled Swamp Eel
''Synbranchus marmoratus'', the marbled swamp eel, neotropical swamp eel, marmorated swamp eel, mottled swamp eel, zange, or muçum is a species of swamp eel native to Central and South America, including the island of Trinidad and Grenada. Description The marbled swamp eel has an elongated cylindrical body and can grow to a maximum length of about , although a more normal adult length is . The dorsal and anal fins are vestigial and the paired pectoral and pelvic fins are missing altogether. The lining of the mouth is rich in blood vessels and provides an additional surface for gas exchange when the swamp eel breathes air. Ecology When in water, the marbled swamp eel is able to use its fully functional gills to breathe, whereas on land it can breathe with the lining of the mouth and pharynx. It is a nocturnal predator and feeds on any small prey in its environment such as frogs, tadpoles, fish, spiders, insects and other invertebrates. It moves through dense vegetation on rive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assamese Cuisine
Assamese cuisine is the cuisine of the Indian state of Assam. It is a style of cooking that is a confluence of cooking habits of the hills that favour fermentation and drying as forms of preservation and those from the plains that provide extremely wide variety of fresh vegetables and greens, and an abundance of fish and meat. Both are centred on the main ingredient — rice. It is a mixture of different indigenous styles with considerable regional variations and some external influences. The traditional way of cooking and the cuisine of Assam is very similar to South-East Asian countries such as Thailand, Burma (Myanmar) and others. The cuisine is characterized by very little use of spices, little cooking over fire, and strong flavours due mainly to the use of endemic exotic fruits and vegetables that are either fresh, dried or fermented. Fish is widely used, and birds like duck, pigeon, squab, etc. are very popular, which are often paired with a main vegetable or ingredient; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
