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Sarmi–Jayapura Languages
The Sarmi-Jayapura Bay languages consist of half a dozen languages spoken on the northern coast of Papua (Indonesian province), Papua province of Indonesia: :Sobei language, Sobei, Bonggo language, Bonggo, Tarpia language, Tarpia (Sarmi), Kayupulau language, Kayupulau, Ormu language, Ormu, Tobati language, Tobati–Enggros language, Enggros (Jayapura Bay) Ross (1988) had considered Sarmi and Jayapura Bay (Kayapulau, Orma and Tobati) to be separate but related groups. Ross (1988) listed several additional Sarmi languages: :Anus language, Anus (Korur) and Podena language, Podena, Liki language, Liki, and Wakde language, Wakde (close to Sobei), Masimasi language, Masimasi, Kaptiau language, Kaptiau and Yamna language, Yamna. The inclusion of a supposed ''Yarsun'' language appears to be due to confusion of language names with island names. No such language is attested; the island is located between that of the Anus language, Anus and Podena language, Podena languages, and all three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua (Indonesian Province)
Papua is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, comprising the northern coast of Western New Guinea together with island groups in Cenderawasih Bay to the west. It roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Tabi Saireri, and is divided into eight regency (Indonesia), regencies () and one city (''kota''), the latter being the provincial capital of Jayapura. It is bordered by the nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the north, Cenderawasih Bay to the west, and the provinces of Central Papua and Highland Papua to the south. The province also shares Maritime boundary, maritime boundaries with Palau in the Pacific. Papua, along with the five other Western New Guinea#Administration, Papuan provinces, has a higher degree of autonomy level compared to other Provinces of Indonesia, Indonesian provinces. Before 2003, the province (known as Irian Barat from 1962 to 1973 and Irian Jaya from 1973 to 2002) covered the entirety of Western N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anus Language
Anus, or Korur, is an Austronesian language spoken on an island in Jayapura Bay, east of the Tor River in Papua (Indonesian province), Papua province of Indonesia. It is one of the Sarmi languages. References External links * Paradisec, PARADISEC collections witAnus recordings Languages of Western New Guinea Sarmi–Jayapura languages Endangered Austronesian languages {{SarmiJayapura-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Languages Of Western New Guinea
Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing. Human language is characterized by its cultural and historical diversity, with significant variations observed between cultures and across time. Human languages possess the properties of productivity and displacement, which enable the creation of an infinite number of sentences, and the ability to refer to objects, events, and ideas that are not immediately present in the discourse. The use of human language relies on social convention and is acquired through learning. Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media usi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarmi–Jayapura Languages
The Sarmi-Jayapura Bay languages consist of half a dozen languages spoken on the northern coast of Papua (Indonesian province), Papua province of Indonesia: :Sobei language, Sobei, Bonggo language, Bonggo, Tarpia language, Tarpia (Sarmi), Kayupulau language, Kayupulau, Ormu language, Ormu, Tobati language, Tobati–Enggros language, Enggros (Jayapura Bay) Ross (1988) had considered Sarmi and Jayapura Bay (Kayapulau, Orma and Tobati) to be separate but related groups. Ross (1988) listed several additional Sarmi languages: :Anus language, Anus (Korur) and Podena language, Podena, Liki language, Liki, and Wakde language, Wakde (close to Sobei), Masimasi language, Masimasi, Kaptiau language, Kaptiau and Yamna language, Yamna. The inclusion of a supposed ''Yarsun'' language appears to be due to confusion of language names with island names. No such language is attested; the island is located between that of the Anus language, Anus and Podena language, Podena languages, and all three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austronesian Languages
The Austronesian languages ( ) are a language family widely spoken throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, parts of Mainland Southeast Asia, Madagascar, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Taiwan (by Taiwanese indigenous peoples). They are spoken by about 328 million people (4.4% of the world population). This makes it the fifth-largest language family by number of speakers. Major Austronesian languages include Malay (around 250–270 million in Indonesia alone in its own literary standard named " Indonesian"), Javanese, Sundanese, Tagalog (standardized as Filipino), Malagasy and Cebuano. According to some estimates, the family contains 1,257 languages, which is the second most of any language family. In 1706, the Dutch scholar Adriaan Reland first observed similarities between the languages spoken in the Malay Archipelago and by peoples on islands in the Pacific Ocean. In the 19th century, researchers (e.g. Wilhelm von Humboldt, Herman van der Tuuk) started to apply the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto Oceanic
Proto-Oceanic (abbreviated as POc) is a proto-language that historical linguists since Otto Dempwolff have reconstructed as the hypothetical common ancestor of the Oceanic subgroup of the Austronesian language family. Proto-Oceanic is a descendant of the Proto-Austronesian language (PAN), the common ancestor of the Austronesian languages. Proto-Oceanic was probably spoken around the late 2nd millennium BCE in the Bismarck Archipelago, east of Papua New Guinea. Archaeologists and linguists currently agree that its community more or less coincides with the Lapita culture. Linguistic characteristics The methodology of comparative linguistics, together with the relative homogeneity of Oceanic languages, make it possible to reconstruct with reasonable certainty the principal linguistic properties of their common ancestor, Proto-Oceanic. Like all scientific hypotheses, these reconstructions must be understood as obviously reflecting the state of science at a particular moment in time ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Oceanic Language
Proto-Oceanic (abbreviated as POc) is a proto-language that historical linguists since Otto Dempwolff have reconstructed as the hypothetical common ancestor of the Oceanic subgroup of the Austronesian language family. Proto-Oceanic is a descendant of the Proto-Austronesian language (PAN), the common ancestor of the Austronesian languages. Proto-Oceanic was probably spoken around the late 2nd millennium BCE in the Bismarck Archipelago, east of Papua New Guinea. Archaeologists and linguists currently agree that its community more or less coincides with the Lapita culture. Linguistic characteristics The methodology of comparative linguistics, together with the relative homogeneity of Oceanic languages, make it possible to reconstruct with reasonable certainty the principal linguistic properties of their common ancestor, Proto-Oceanic. Like all scientific hypotheses, these reconstructions must be understood as obviously reflecting the state of science at a particular moment in ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History
The Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology () performs fundamental research into archaeological science. The institute is one of more than 80 research institutes of the Max Planck Society and is located in Jena, Germany. History Max Planck Institute of Economics The predecessor of the present institute was founded in 1993 as the Max Planck Institute for Research into Economic Systems (''Max-Planck-Institut zur Erforschung von Wirtschaftssystemen'') and later renamed the Max Planck Institute of Economics (''Max-Planck-Institut für Ökonomik''). Its initial mission was researching the transition of the former Eastern European socialist economic systems, but it later researched a broad set of problems relating to change in modern economies more generally, including evolutionary economics, experimental economics, and entrepreneurial studies. It was organized into three research units: * Evolutionary Economics Group (director: Ulrich Witt) * Strategic Interaction Group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micronesian Languages
The Micronesian languages form a family of Oceanic languages. The twenty languages are known for their lack of plain labial consonant and have instead two series, palatalized and labio-velarized labials, similar to the related Kanak languages. Languages According to Jackson (1983, 1986) the languages group as follows: *Micronesian family ** Nauruan **Nuclear Micronesian family *** Kosraean ***Central Micronesian family **** Gilbertese ****Western Micronesian family ***** Marshallese ***** Chuukic-Pohnpeic family ****** Chuukic (Chuukic) ****** Pohnpeic (Ponapeic) The family appears to have originated in the east, likely on Kosrae, and spread westwards. Kosrae appears to have been settled from the south, in the region of Malaita (Solomon Islands) or in northern Vanuatu. Kevin Hughes (2020) revises Jackson's classification, especially with regards to the position of Nauruan, who states that there is no compelling argument from classifying Nauruan apart from other Micro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamna Language
Yamna, also known as Sunum, is an Austronesian language spoken on the coast and an island of Jayapura Bay in Papua province, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, .... See also * Sarmi languages for a comparison with related languages References Languages of Western New Guinea Sarmi–Jayapura languages {{SarmiJayapura-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaptiau Language
Kaptiau (Kapitiauw) is an Austronesian language spoken on the eastern north coast of Papua province, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, .... See also * Sarmi languages for a comparison with related languages References Languages of Western New Guinea Sarmi–Jayapura languages {{SarmiJayapura-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masimasi Language
Masimasi is a nearly extinct Austronesian language spoken on an offshore island of Papua, Indonesia. See also *Sarmi languages Sarmi may refer to: Places * Sarmi, Nepal, a village in Nepal * Sarmi, Indonesia, a town in Papua, Indonesia * Sarmi Regency Sarmi Regency is one of the regencies (''kabupaten'') in Papua Province of Indonesia. It was formed from the western d ... for a comparison with related languages References Languages of Western New Guinea Sarmi–Jayapura languages Endangered Austronesian languages {{SarmiJayapura-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
