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S4C Original Programming
S4C (, ''Sianel Pedwar Cymru'', meaning ''Channel Four Wales'') is a Welsh language free-to-air Public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom, public broadcast television channel. Launched on 1 November 1982, it was the first television channel to be aimed specifically at a Welsh-speaking audience. S4C's headquarters are based in Carmarthen, at the University of Wales Trinity Saint David's creative and digital centre, Yr Egin. It also has regional offices in Caernarfon and Cardiff. As of 2024, S4C had an average of 118 employees. S4C is the fourth-oldest terrestrial television channel in Wales after BBC One Wales, BBC One, ITV Cymru Wales, ITV and BBC Two Wales, BBC Two. As with Channel 4 (which launched the next day in the rest of the UK), S4C commissions all of its programmes from independent producers. BBC Cymru Wales produces programmes for S4C as part of its public service remit, including the news service ''Newyddion''. From its launch until 2010, S4C also carried Eng ...
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1080i
In high-definition television (HDTV) and video display technology, 1080i is a video display format with 1080 lines of vertical resolution and Interlaced video, interlaced scanning method. This format was once a standard in HDTV. It was particularly used for broadcast television because it can deliver high-resolution images without needing excessive bandwidth. This format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard. Definition The number "1080" in 1080i refers to the number of horizontal lines that make up the vertical resolution of the display. Each of these lines contributes to the overall detail and clarity of the image. The letter "i" stands for Interlaced video, interlaced. This is a technique where the image is not displayed all at once. Instead, the frame is split into two fields. One field contains the odd-numbered lines, and the other field contains the even-numbered lines. These fields are displayed in rapid succession, giving the appearance of a full image to the human eye. The ...
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Cardiff
Cardiff (; ) is the capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of Wales. Cardiff had a population of in and forms a Principal areas of Wales, principal area officially known as the City and County of Cardiff (). The city is the List of cities in the United Kingdom, eleventh largest in the United Kingdom. Located in the South East Wales, southeast of Wales and in the Cardiff Capital Region, Cardiff is the county town of the Historic counties of Wales, historic county of Glamorgan and in 1974–1996 of South Glamorgan. It belongs to the Eurocities network of the largest European cities. A small town until the early 19th century, its prominence as a port for coal when mining began in the region helped its expansion. In 1905, it was ranked as a city and in 1955 proclaimed capital of Wales. The Cardiff urban area covers a larger area outside the county boundary, including the towns of Dinas Powys and Penarth. Cardiff is the main commercial ce ...
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BBC Alba
BBC Alba is a Scottish Gaelic-language free-to-air public broadcast television channel jointly owned by the BBC and MG Alba. The channel was launched on 19 September 2008 and is on-air for up to seven hours a day. The name ' is the Scottish Gaelic name for Scotland. The station is unique in that it is the first channel to be delivered under a BBC licence by a partnership and was also the first multi-genre channel to come entirely from Scotland with almost all of its programmes made in Scotland. BBC Alba had an average viewership of 637,000 adults over the age of 16 in Scotland each week. History In 2007, the BBC Trust opened a consultation for a Gaelic digital service in partnership with the MG Alba, Gaelic Media Service. Following the BBC Trust consultation in November 2007, the Audience Council Scotland recommended their support for the creation of the service on 7 December 2007, stating that the Trust should pursue carriage of the service on digital terrestrial televis ...
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TeleG
TeleG was established as the first daily digital Gaelic TV channel in Scotland on 31 October 1999, and was available on the Freeview platform until 23 May 2011. The channel was based in Stornoway. Programs were transmitted on TeleG between 6pm and 7pm each day. The channel slot was shared with the CITV channel (which broadcast from 6am to 6pm) and ITV2 +1 (which broadcast from 7pm to 6am). The Broadcasting Act of 1996 required that programs aired would be repeats transmitted on analogue channels (many of which are first shown outside peak hours) between 6pm and 10:30pm. The Communications Act 2003 created the Gaelic Media Service which decides on the future development of Gaelic Broadcasting services. The broadcaster and service provider of TeleG was SDN, the company which holds the license for DTT multiplex A. SDN, then owned by NTL, S4C and United Business Media, was awarded the Multiplex A licence in May 1998. Part of the capacity on Multiplex A was reserved for service ...
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Televisión De Galicia
Televisión de Galicia (; "Television of Galicia"; abbreviated as TVG), commonly known as A Galega ("The Galician ne), is a Spanish free-to-air television channel owned and operated by Televisión de Galicia S.A., the television subsidiary of Galician regional-owned public broadcaster Corporación Radio e Televisión de Galicia (CRTVG). It is the corporation's flagship television channel, and is known for broadcasting mainstream and generalist programming, including ''Telexornal'' news bulletins, primetime drama and entertainment in the Galician language. It was launched on 25 July 1985 as the first Galician language television service. Its broadcast covers the whole Galician territory and it is financed by its autonomous government. History TVG went on air for the first time on 25 July 1985, with the short film '' Mamasunción'' by Chano Piñeiro. After a test period, which lasted until 29 September 1985, the station began broadcasting regularly with 39 weekly hours of ...
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TV3 (Catalan TV Channel)
TV3 () is the primary television channel of Catalan public broadcaster Televisió de Catalunya, a subsidiary of the CCMA. TV3 broadcasts programmes only in Catalan and Aranese, with an optional dual track in the original language for some foreign-language series and movies, although Spanish is not dubbed or subtitled. TV3 is also a founding member of FORTA. It is funded by the regional autonomous government, the Generalitat de Catalunya, through the CCMA. History TV3 started its trial broadcasts on 10 September 1983 (a day right before the National Day of Catalonia), but its regular broadcasts started a few months later, on 16 January 1984. TV3 was the first television channel to broadcast only in Catalan. In 1985, TV3 expanded its coverage to Andorra, Northern Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and the Valencian Community, also Catalan-speaking territories. Since 1985, Montse Armengou Martín has co-directed award-winning documentary films. One year later, TV3 inaugurated its ...
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ETB 1
ETB 1 (''ETB Bat'') is the first television channel from the Euskal Irrati Telebista group in the Basque Autonomous Community, Navarre and the French Basque Country. The channel broadcasts entirely in the Basque language. History In 1979 the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country was approved, the document contained the possibility of creating broadcast media owned by the Basque government, which would be used for the normalization of the Basque language. The channel began test transmissions on 31 December 1982 and officially launched on 16 February 1983 as ETB, using this name until the launch of its sister ETB 2 on 31 May 1986, at which point ETB was renamed to ETB 1. An HD feed of ETB 1 was launched on 21 December 2016. ETB 1 was the first regional channel in Spain, also becoming the first channel to break the monopoly held by TVE 1 and TVE 2. Its reception area comprises the whole Basque Country — i.e. the Basque Autonomous Community, Navarre and the Northern Ba ...
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Minority Language Broadcasting
Minority language broadcasting comprises radio and television programmes for both national (including indigenous) and foreign minorities in their respective languages. Under treaties like the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (Art. 11 and 7(1)d) states are obliged to encourage broadcasting in national minorities' languages. Some examples: {{See also, Foreign broadcasting Ethnic mass media Broadcasting Broadcasting is the data distribution, distribution of sound, audio audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via a electronic medium (communication), mass communications medium, typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), ... Broadcasting ...
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English Language
English is a West Germanic language that developed in early medieval England and has since become a English as a lingua franca, global lingua franca. The namesake of the language is the Angles (tribe), Angles, one of the Germanic peoples that Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, migrated to Britain after its End of Roman rule in Britain, Roman occupiers left. English is the list of languages by total number of speakers, most spoken language in the world, primarily due to the global influences of the former British Empire (succeeded by the Commonwealth of Nations) and the United States. English is the list of languages by number of native speakers, third-most spoken native language, after Mandarin Chinese and Spanish language, Spanish; it is also the most widely learned second language in the world, with more second-language speakers than native speakers. English is either the official language or one of the official languages in list of countries and territories where English ...
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Newyddion
''Newyddion S4C'' (''S4C News'') is a Welsh language, Welsh-language news programme broadcast on S4C and produced by BBC Cymru Wales, covering national and international news stories from a Welsh perspective. History Welsh-language television news on the BBC first aired on 6pm on 16 March 1956. Under the name ''Tele-Newyddion'', this fifteen-minute bulletin was broadcast as an opt-out on the Wenvoe transmitting station, Wenvoe, Sutton Coldfield transmitting station, Sutton Coldfield and Holme Moss transmitting station, Holme Moss transmitters, in the style of a newsreel, presenting news items from the past weeks at the time of broadcast. Before S4C started broadcasting in November 1982, the BBC's main Welsh-language TV news programme was ''Heddiw'' (''Today''), which ran from 1961 to 1982. Initially shown in a lunchtime slot on certain transmitters around the UK, in later years, ''Heddiw'' moved to an early-evening slot in Wales following ''Nationwide (TV programme), Nationwid ...
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BBC Cymru Wales
BBC Cymru Wales is a division of the BBC and the main public broadcasting, public broadcaster in Wales. It is one of the four BBC national regions, alongside the BBC English Regions, BBC Northern Ireland and BBC Scotland. Established in 1964, BBC Cymru Wales is based in Cardiff and directly employs some 1,200 people to produce a range of programmes for television, radio and online services in both English and Welsh language, Welsh. BBC Cymru Wales operates two TV channels (BBC One Wales, BBC Two Wales) and three radio stations (BBC Radio Wales, BBC Radio Cymru and BBC Radio Cymru 2). The total budget for BBC Cymru Wales (including S4C's £76 million) is £151 million, £31 million of which is for BBC-produced television productions. Services Television BBC Cymru Wales operates two television services, BBC One Wales and BBC Two Wales, which can opt out of the main network feed of BBC One and BBC Two in England to broadcast national programming. These two channe ...
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Channel 4
Channel 4 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation. It is state-owned enterprise, publicly owned but, unlike the BBC, it receives no public funding and is funded entirely by its commercial activities, including Television advertisement, advertising. It began its transmission in 1982 and was established to provide a fourth television service in the United Kingdom. At the time, the only other channels were the television licence, licence-funded BBC1 and BBC2, and a single commercial broadcasting network, ITV (TV network), ITV. Originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the station is now owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation, a public corporation of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, which was established in 1990 and came into operation in 1993. Until 2010, Channel 4 did not broadcast in Wales, but many of its programmes were re-broadcast ther ...
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