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Psocomorpha
Psocomorpha is a suborder of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are more than 20 families and 5,300 described species in Psocomorpha. Phylogeny The below cladogram of Psocodea shows the position of Psocomorpha: Fossil record The oldest fossil record of the suborder is ''Burmesopsocus, Burmesopsocus lienhardi'' from the mid-Cretaceous (early Cenomanian) Burmese amber, which is not assigned to any family. Classification Psocomorpha contains 6 infraorders and 26 family (biology), families: *Archipsocetae ** Archipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (ancient barklice) *Caeciliusetae ** Amphipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (hairy-winged barklice) ** Asiopsocidae Mockford & Garcia Aldrete, 1976 ** Caeciliusidae Mockford, 2000 (lizard barklice) ** Dasydemellidae Mockford, 1978 (shaggy psocids) ** Paracaeciliidae Mockford, 1989 ** Stenopsocidae Pearman, 1936 (narrow barklice) *Epipsocetae ** Cladiopsocidae Smithers, 1972 ** Dolabellops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psocodea
Psocodea is a taxonomic group of insects comprising the bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice. It was formerly considered a superorder, but is now generally considered by entomologists as an order. Despite the greatly differing appearance of parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), they are believed to have evolved from within the former order Psocoptera, which contained the bark lice and book lice, now found to be paraphyletic. They are often regarded as the most primitive of the hemipteroids. Psocodea contains around 11,000 species, divided among four suborders and more than 70 families. They range in size from 1–10 millimetres (0.04–0.4 in) in length. The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen. Anatomy and biology Psocids are small, scavenging insects with a relatively generalized body plan. They feed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philotarsetae
Philotarsetae is an infraorder of bark lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), within the suborder Psocomorpha. Phylogeny The below cladogram of Psocodea shows the position of Philotarsetae within Psocomorpha: Families These three families belong to the infraorder Philotarsetae: * Philotarsidae Philotarsidae is a family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The family is closely related to the family Pseudocaeciliidae, both within the infraorder Philotarsetae. It includes the followi ... Pearman, 1936 (loving barklice) * Pseudocaeciliidae Pearman, 1936 (false lizard barklice) * Trichopsocidae Pearman, 1936 (lash-faced psocids) Sources Insect infraorders Psocomorpha {{Psocoptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troctomorpha
Troctomorpha is one of the three major suborders of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera)(barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice), alongside Psocomorpha and Trogiomorpha. There are more than 30 families and 5,800 described species in Troctomorpha. The order includes parasitic lice, which are most closely related to the booklice family Liposcelididae. Cladogram Cladogram showing the position of Troctomorpha within Psocodea: Fossil record The oldest record of the suborder is suggested to be '' Paramesopsocus adibi,'' known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan. Classification Troctomorpha contains the following subgroups: * Infraorder: Amphientometae ** Family: Amphientomidae Enderlein, 1903 (tropical barklice) ** Family: Compsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Electrentomidae Enderlein, 1911 ** Family: Manicapsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Musapsocidae Mockford, 1967 ** Family: Protroctopsocidae Smithers, 1972 ** Family: Troctopsocidae Mockfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epipsocetae
Epipsocetae is an infraorder of psocids in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are about 5 families and more than 480 described species in Epipsocetae. Families These five families belong to the infraorder Epipsocetae: * Cladiopsocidae Cladiopsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Like the other members of the infraorder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified ... Smithers, 1972 * Dolabellopsocidae Eertmoed, 1973 * Epipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (elliptical barklice) * Ptiloneuridae Roesler, 1940 * Spurostigmatidae Eertmoed, 1973 References Further reading * * * External links Psocomorpha {{psocoptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homilopsocidea
Homilopscocidea is an infraorder of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). It is probably a paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ... group, still in use for lack of a better solution. There are about 7 families and more than 1,200 described species in Homilopsocidea. Families These seven families belong to the infraorder Homilopsocidea: * Ectopsocidae Roesler, 1944 (outer barklice) * Elipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (damp barklice) * Lachesillidae Pearman, 1936 (fateful barklice) * Lesneiidae Schmidt & New, 2004 * Mesopsocidae Pearman, 1936 (middle barklice) * Peripsocidae Roesler, 1944 (stout barklice) * Sabulopsocidae Schmidt & New, 2004 Sources *Lienhard, C. & Smithers, C. N. 2002. Psocoptera (Insecta): World Catalogue and Bibliography. Instrumenta Biodiversi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atropetae
Trogiomorpha is one of the three major suborders of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), alongside Troctomorpha and Psocomorpha. There are about 8 families and more than 430 described species in Trogiomorpha. Trogiomorpha is widely agreed to be the earliest diverging of the three suborders, and retains the most primitive characteristics. Internal phylogeny The cladogram below shows the position of Trogiomorpha within Psocodea: Classification Trogiomorpha contains 3 infraorders and 5 extant (living) families, as well as three identified extinct families: * Atropetae ** Archaeatropidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Empheriidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Lepidopsocidae Enderlein, 1903 (scaly-winged barklice) ** Psoquillidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (bird nest barklice) ** Trogiidae Roesler, 1944 (granary booklice) * Psyllipsocetae ** Psyllipsocidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (cave barklice) * Prionoglaridetae (paraphyletic Paraphyly is a ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psocoptera
Psocoptera () are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psocodea (as part of the suborder Troctomorpha). They are often regarded as the most primitive of the paraneopterans. There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in the early twenty-first century. They range in size from in length. The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books—they feed upon the paste used in binding. The barklice are found on trees, feeding on algae and lichen. Etymology Their name originates from the Greek word ψῶχος (''psokhos''), meaning " gnawed" or " rubbed" and πτερά (''ptera''), meaning " wings". Classification In the 2000s, morphological and molecular phylogenetic evid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trogiomorpha
Trogiomorpha is one of the three major suborders of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), alongside Troctomorpha and Psocomorpha. There are about 8 families and more than 430 described species in Trogiomorpha. Trogiomorpha is widely agreed to be the earliest diverging of the three suborders, and retains the most primitive characteristics. Internal phylogeny The cladogram below shows the position of Trogiomorpha within Psocodea: Classification Trogiomorpha contains 3 infraorders and 5 extant (living) families, as well as three identified extinct families: * Atropetae ** Archaeatropidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Empheriidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Lepidopsocidae Enderlein, 1903 (scaly-winged barklice) ** Psoquillidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (bird nest barklice) ** Trogiidae Roesler, 1944 (granary booklice) * Psyllipsocetae ** Psyllipsocidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (cave barklice) * Prionoglaridetae (paraphyletic Paraphyly is a ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amblycera
Amblycera is a parvorder of chewing lice from the infraorder Phthiraptera. The lice are ectoparasites and spend their entire lives parasitizing their hosts. Amblycera tend to mostly feed on birds, and have specialized anatomy to assist in feeding. The lice undergo a three part process of metamorphosis and survive around thirty days after moulting into an adult. They rely on a combination of skin debris and blood for nutrients to sustain themselves. Amblycera are distributed globally, and are very host–specific. Classification Amblycera is currently classified as a parvorder, and it was named by Kellogg in 1896. Amblycera belongs to the infraorder Phthiraptera, which contains all lice, and is part of the larger order Psocodea, which also contains booklice, barklice and barkflies. Around 30% of all bird lice belong to Amblycera. A cladogram showing the position of Amblycera within Phthiraptera and Psocodea is shown below: Characteristics Like all chewing lice, Amblycera are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caeciliusetae
Caeciliusetae is an infraorder of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) in the suborder Psocomorpha. There are about 6 families and more than 1,300 described species in Caeciliusetae. Families These six families belong to the infraorder Caeciliusetae: * Amphipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (hairy-winged barklice) * Asiopsocidae Mockford & Garcia Aldrete, 1976 * Caeciliusidae Mockford, 2000 (lizard barklice) * Dasydemellidae Mockford, 1978 (shaggy psocids) * Paracaeciliidae Mockford, 1989 * Stenopsocidae Stenopsocidae is a family of Psocoptera belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha Psocomorpha is a suborder of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are more than 20 families and ... Pearman, 1936 (narrow barklice) References * Lienhard, C. & Smithers, C. N. 2002. Psocoptera (Insecta): World Catalogue and Bibliography. Instrumenta Biodiversitatis, vol. 5. Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève. Insect infra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anoplura
Sucking lice (known scientifically as Anoplura) are a parvorder of around 550 species of lice. All sucking lice are blood-feeding ectoparasites of mammals. They can cause localized skin irritations and are vectors of several blood-borne diseases. At least three species or subspecies of Anoplura are parasites of humans; the human condition of being infested with sucking lice is called pediculosis. ''Pediculus humanus'' is divided into two subspecies, ''Pediculus humanus humanus'', or the human body louse, sometimes nicknamed "the seam squirrel" for its habit of laying of eggs in the seams of clothing, and ''Pediculus humanus capitis'', or the human head louse. ''Pthirus pubis'' (the human pubic louse) is the cause of the condition known as crabs. Classification Sucking lice are classified as a parvorder called Anoplura, named by Leach in 1815. Anoplura belongs to the infraorder Phthiraptera, which contains all lice, and is part of the larger order Psocodea, which also con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philopteridae
Philopteridae is a family (biology), family of feather lice. They are parasite, parasitic on birds, primarily consuming downy feathers. Philopteridae is a highly diverse family with more than 2,700 described species, and constitutes 30% of the order Psocodea, half of all described Phthiraptera (lice), and the majority of parvorder Ischnocera. Most bird groups are infested with members of this family. Different species show convergent morphology, converging on one of a few forms, depending on which area of the host they hide in. Classification The family Philopteridae belongs to the parvorder Ischnocera, of the larger infraorder Phthiraptera, which includes all lice. It was named as a family by Christian Ludwig Nitzsch in 1818. A cladogram showing the position of Philopteridae within Phthiraptera and Psocodea is shown below: Over 2,700 species of Philopteridae have been described, making up 30% of species described in order Psocodea, around half of species described in infraorde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
