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Pooideae
The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family (biology), family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. They are often referred to as cool-season grasses, because they are distributed in temperate climates. All of them use the C3 photosynthesis, C3 photosynthetic pathway. The Pooideae are the sister group of the bamboos within the BOP clade, and are themselves subdivided into 15 tribe (taxonomy), tribes. Evolutionary history Pooidae started diversifying in the Late Eocene, and their Adaptive radiation, radiation was especially intense during the Oligocene and Miocene Epoch (geology), epochs. Phylogeny Relationships of tribes in the Pooideae according to a 2017 phylogenetic classification, also showing the bamboos as sister group: References External links Pooideae, Poaceae subfamilies {{Poaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poaceae
Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pasture. The latter are commonly referred to collectively as grass. With around 780 genera and around 12,000 species, the Poaceae is the fifth-largest plant family, following the Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae and Rubiaceae. The Poaceae are the most economically important plant family, including staple foods from domesticated cereal crops such as maize, wheat, rice, oats, barley, and millet for people and as feed for meat-producing animals. They provide, through direct human consumption, just over one-half (51%) of all dietary energy; rice provides 20%, wheat supplies 20%, maize (corn) 5.5%, and other grains 6%. Some members of the Poaceae are used as building materials ( bamboo, thatch, and straw); oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BOP Clade
The BOP clade (sometimes ''BEP clade'') is one of two major lineages (or clades) of undefined taxonomic rank in the grasses (Poaceae), containing more than 5,400 species, about half of all grasses. Well-known members of this clade include rice, some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, and rye, many lawn and pasture grasses, and bamboos. Its sister group is the PACMAD clade; in contrast with many species of that group who have evolved C4 photosynthesis, the BOP grasses all use the C3 photosynthetic pathway. The clade contains three subfamilies from whose initials its name derives: the bamboos (Bambusoideae); Oryzoideae (syn. Ehrhartoideae), including rice; and Pooideae, mainly distributed in temperate regions, with the largest diversity and important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Oryzoideae is the earliest-diverging lineage, sister A sister is a woman or a girl who shares parents or a parent with another individual; a female sibling. The male counterpar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ampelodesmeae
''Ampelodesmos'' is a genus of Mediterranean plants in the Poaceae, grass family, which is known by the common names stramma, Mauritania grass, rope grass, and dis(s) grass. It is classified in its own tribe Ampelodesmeae within the grass subfamily Pooideae. The genus probably originated through ancient hybrid speciation, as a cross between parents from tribes Stipeae and Phaenospermateae. ''Ampelodesmos mauritanicus'' is a large clumping perennial bunchgrass, which is native to the Mediterranean region. It has been introduced outside its native range and is cultivated as an ornamental plant, ornamental ornamental grass, grass. Its nodding flower panicles can be nearly two feet long. In its native area it is used as a fiber for making mats, brooms, and twine. The plant can become an Invasive species in non-native ecosystems beyond the Mediterranean Basin. In its native area it is used as a fiber for making mats, brooms, and twine. The leaves of this grass possess sharp edges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meliceae
The Meliceae are a tribe of grasses near the base of the Pooideae The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family (biology), family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. .... They include two relatively large genera, '' Melica'' (based on accounts in multiple regional floras) with about 80-90 species and '' Glyceria'' with about 55 species.Tsvelev, N.N. 2006. Synopsis of the mannagrass genus, ''Glyceria'' (Poaceae). Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow and Leningrad). 2006. 91(2):255–276 Its other genera are '' Koordersiochloa'', '' Lycochloa'', '' Pleuropogon'', '' Schizachne'', and '' Triniochloa''. Distinguishing characteristics Members of the Meliceae have closed leaf sheaths; lemma veins that do not or only scarcely converge distally; and short, truncate, lodicules. They differ from Bromeae, another tribe with closed leaf sheaths, in their glabr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachyelytreae
''Brachyelytrum'' is a genus of North American and East Asian plants in the grass family, classified in its own tribe Brachyelytreae. Molecular phylogenetic study has indicated that ''Brachyelytrum'' is the earliest diverging lineage in the subfamily Pooideae (the cool season grasses), a lineage that includes many of the world's major cereal crops such as barley, wheat, and oats. ; Species * '' Brachyelytrum aristosum'' (Michx.) Trel. from Ontario to Newfoundland south through Great Lakes region + Appalachian Mountains * '' Brachyelytrum erectum'' (Schreb.) P.Beauv - from Ontario to Newfoundland south to Texas + Florida * '' Brachyelytrum japonicum'' (Hack.) Matsum. ex Honda - Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Japan, Jeju Island in South Korea ; formerly included see '' Muhlenbergia Pseudobromus'' * ''Brachyelytrum africanum - Pseudobromus africanus'' * ''Brachyelytrum pringlei - Muhlenbergia diversiglumis'' * ''Brachyelytrum silvaticum - Pseudobromus africanus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaenospermateae
Phaenospermatae is a tribe of grasses, subfamily Pooideae The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family (biology), family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. ..., containing a single genus, '' Phaenosperma''. The tribe previously included several other genera, which are now placed in a separate tribe, Duthieeae. References Pooideae Poaceae tribes Monotypic plant taxa {{Pooideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duthieeae
Duthieeae is a tribe of grasses, subfamily Pooideae The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family (biology), family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. ..., containing eight genera. References Pooideae Poaceae tribes {{Pooideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brylkinieae
Brylkinieae is a tribe of grasses Poaceae ( ), also called Gramineae ( ), is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos, the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in ..., containing a single genus, '' Brylkinia''. It used to be placed in tribe Meliceae, and had previously included a second genus, '' Koordersiochloa''. References External links * * Pooideae Poaceae tribes Monotypic plant taxa {{Pooideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nardeae
''Nardus'' is a genus of plants belonging to the grass family, containing the single species ''Nardus stricta'', known as matgrass. It is placed in its own tribe Nardeae within the subfamily Pooideae. The name derives from ancient Greek ' () from the earlier Akkadian ''lardu''. It is not to be confused with spikenard, ''Nardostachys jatamansi''. Distribution and ecology ''Nardus stricta'' is native to Eurasia (from Iceland and the Azores to Mongolia), North Africa (Algeria, Morocco), and northeastern North America (Greenland, eastern Canada, and the northeastern United States). ''Nardus stricta'' occurs on heath, moorland, hills, and mountains on nutrient poor acidic sandy to peaty soils and is strongly calcifuge, avoiding calcareous soils. It can occur from low elevations to over , becoming a community-dominant in late snow patches on mountains. ''Nardus stricta'' may also become a dominant species in habitats grazed by cattle or sheep because it is tough and unpalatable. It f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diarrheneae
Diarrheneae is a tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ... of grasses, containing two genera. References Pooideae Poaceae tribes {{Pooideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stipeae
The Stipeae are a tribe of grasses within the subfamily Pooidae, with up to 600 described species. Description The defining morphological features of the Stipeae include single-flowered spikelets lacking a rachilla extension, and the lemmas (the external bract) have either a sharp point or a terminal awn (long bristle). Genera The tribe includes 32 genera: Many species initially placed into ''Stipa'' have now been split off into new genera. Some recent papers have analysed relationships within and between the genera, but a complete analysis has not yet been performed. Stipoid grasses use the C3 photosynthetic pathway and live in temperate areas worldwide. Known fossils date from the late Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea .... References External ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bamboo
Bamboos are a diverse group of mostly evergreen perennial plant, perennial flowering plants making up the subfamily (biology), subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family, in the case of ''Dendrocalamus sinicus'' having individual stalks (Culm (botany), culms) reaching a length of , up to in thickness and a weight of up to . The internodes of bamboos can also be of great length. ''Kinabaluchloa, Kinabaluchloa wrayi'' has internodes up to in length. and ''Arthrostylidium schomburgkii'' has internodes up to in length, exceeded in length only by Cyperus papyrus, papyrus. By contrast, the stalks of the tiny bamboo Raddiella, ''Raddiella vanessiae'' of the savannas of French Guiana measure only in length by about in width. The origin of the word "bamboo" is uncertain, but it most likely comes from the Dutch language, Dutch or Portuguese language, Portuguese language, which originally borrowed it from Malay langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
