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Pentatomomorpha
The Pentatomomorpha comprise an infraorder of insects in the true bug order Hemiptera. It unites such animals as the shield- or stink-bugs (Pentatomidae and alies), flat bugs (Aradidae), seed bugs (Lygaeidae and Rhyparochromidae), etc. They are closely related to the Cimicomorpha. Based on the fossil morphology, the common ancestor of Pentatomomorpha must be older than the fossils in the late Triassic. They play an important role in agriculture and forestry industries and they are also used as controlling agents in studies. Systematics Five superfamilies are usually placed in the Pentatomomorpha. The Aradoidea represent the most basal extant lineage, while the others, often united as clade Trichophora, are more modern: * Aradoidea Brullé, 1836 * Coreoidea Leach, 1815 * Lygaeoidea Schilling, 1829 * Pentatomoidea Leach, 1815 * Pyrrhocoroidea Amyot & Serville, 1843 Among these, the Pentatomoidea seem to represent a by and large monophyletic lineage as traditionally underst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coreoidea
Coreoidea is a superfamily of true bugs in the infraorder Pentatomomorpha which includes leaf-footed bugs and allies. There are more than 3,300 described species in Coreoidea. There are five extant families presently recognized, but the Coreoidea as a whole are part of a close-knit group with the Lygaeoidea and Pyrrhocoroidea and it is likely that these three superfamilies are paraphyletic to a significant extent; they are therefore in need of revision and redelimitation. The families are: * Alydidae Amyot & Serville, 1843 – broad-headed bugs * Coreidae Coreidae is a large family (biology), family of predominantly sap-sucking insects in the Hemipteran suborder Heteroptera. The name "Coreidae" derives from the genus ''Coreus'', which derives from the Ancient Greek () meaning bedbug. As a fam ... Leach, 1815 – leaf-footed bugs and squash bugs * Hyocephalidae Bergroth, 1906 * Rhopalidae – scentless plant bugs * Stenocephalidae Amyot & Serville, 1843 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrrhocoroidea
Pyrrhocoroidea is a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of heteroptera, true bugs in the infraorder Pentatomomorpha. References External links * * Pyrrhocoroidea, Hemiptera superfamilies {{Pentatomomorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentatomoidea
The Pentatomoidea are a superfamily of insects in the suborder Heteroptera of the order Hemiptera. As hemipterans, they possess a common arrangement of sucking mouthparts. The roughly 7000 species under Pentatomoidea are divided into 21 families (16 extant and 5 extinct). Among these are the stink bugs and shield bugs, jewel bugs, giant shield bugs, and burrower bugs. Description The Pentatomoidea are characterised by a well-developed scutellum (the hardened extension of the thorax over the abdomen). It can be triangular to semielliptical in shape. The antennae typically have five segments. The tarsi usually have two or three segments. Shield bugs have glands that produce a foul-smelling liquid, which is used defensively to deter potential predators. Nymphs have glands on the dorsal surface of the abdomen (dorsal abdominal scent glands). These are often present in adults as well, but adults also develop a pair of glands on the metathorax (third segment of the thorax), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lygaeoidea
The Lygaeoidea are a sizeable superfamily of true bugs, containing seed bugs and allies, in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 families and more than 4,600 described species in Lygaeoidea, found worldwide. Most feed on seeds or sap, but a few are predators. The ash-gray leaf bug family (Piesmatidae) is generally considered a member of the superfamily Lygaeoidea, but in the past it was sometimes placed in its own superfamily. Families These 16 families belong to the superfamily Lygaeoidea. The majority of them were considered to be part of the family Lygaeidae before Thomas J. Henry's work was published in 1997. * Artheneidae Stål, 1872 * Berytidae Fieber, 1851 (stilt bugs) * Blissidae Stål, 1862 * Colobathristidae Stal, 1865 * Cryptorhamphidae Hamid, 1971 * Cymidae Baerensprung, 1860 * Geocoridae Baerensprung, 1860 (big-eyed bugs) * Heterogastridae Stål, 1872 * Lygaeidae Schilling, 1829 (seed bugs) * Malcidae Stål, 1865 * Meschiidae Malipatil, 2013 * Nini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heteroptera
The Heteroptera are a group of about 40,000 species of insects in the order Hemiptera. They are sometimes called "true bugs", though that name more commonly refers to the Hemiptera as a whole. "Typical bugs" might be used as a more unequivocal alternative, since the heteropterans are most consistently and universally termed "bugs" among the Hemiptera. "Heteroptera" is Greek for "different wings": most species have forewings with both membranous and hardened portions (called hemelytra); members of the primitive sub-group Enicocephalomorpha have completely membranous wings. The name "Heteroptera" is used in two very different ways in modern classifications. In Linnean nomenclature, it commonly appears as a suborder within the order Hemiptera, where it can be paraphyletic or monophyletic depending on its delimitation. In phylogenetic nomenclature, it is used as an unranked clade within the Prosorrhyncha clade, which in turn is in the Hemiptera clade. This results from the real ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piesmatidae
Piesmatidae is a small family of true bugs, commonly called ash-grey leaf bugs. The Piesmatidae are distributed mostly in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with some occurring in Africa, Australia and South America. A common species found throughout the Americas is '' Piesma cinereum''. (2007): An Unusual, Primitive Piesmatidae (Insecta: Heteroptera) in Cretaceous Amber from Myanmar (Burma). ''American Museum Novitates'' 3611: 1-17.PDF fulltext/ref> Ash-grey leaf bugs are small insects, some 2–4 mm overall. The head, thorax and the firm part of the wings are extensively dimpled. This resembles the similar pattern of the Tingidae of the infraorder Cimicomorpha, and was initially taken to signify a close relationship. It is due to convergent evolution however. They feed on plant sap, mostly of Chenopodiaceae and Caryophyllaceae. '' Piesma linnavouri'' have been found on ''Acacia'' (Fabaceae). '' Mcateella'' have been found on many host plants but mostly ''Acacia'' and ''Pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lygaeidae
The Lygaeidae are a family in the Hemiptera (true bugs), with more than 110 genera in four subfamilies. The family is commonly referred to as seed bugs, and less commonly, milkweed bugs, or ground bugs. Many species feed on seeds, some on sap or seed pods, others are omnivores and a few, such as the wekiu bug, are insectivores. Insects in this family are distributed across the world. The family was vastly larger, but numerous former subfamilies have been removed and given independent family status, including the Artheneidae, Blissidae, Cryptorhamphidae, Cymidae, Geocoridae, Heterogastridae, Ninidae, Oxycarenidae and Rhyparochromidae, which together constituted well over half of the former family. The bizarre and mysterious beetle-like Psamminae were formerly often placed in the Piesmatidae, but this is almost certainly incorrect. Their true affiliations are not entirely resolved. Distinguishing characteristics Lygaeidae are oval or elongate in body shape and have fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhyparochromidae
The Rhyparochromidae are a large family (biology), family of true bugs (order Hemiptera). Many species under Rhyparochromidae are commonly referred to as seed bug (other), seed bugs, as are other species within the wider Pentatomomorpha. The family includes two subfamilies, more than 420 genera, and over 2,100 described species. Rhyparochromidae are small and generally brown or mottled. The fore femora are often enlarged. The name Rhyparochromidae comes from the Greek words ''rhyparos'', meaning "dirt", and ''chromus'', meaning "color". The Rhyparochromidae were previously classified as a subfamily of Lygaeidae. Subfamilies and Tribes The family Rhyparochromidae has two subfamilies, Plinthisinae with only 2 genera, and Rhyparochrominae with more than 400 genera in 14 tribes: : Antillocorini : Cleradini : Drymini : Gonianotini : Lethaeini : Lilliputocorini : Megalonotini : Myodochini : Ozophorini : Phasmosomini : Rhyparochromini : Stygnocorini : Targaremini : Udeoco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aradidae
Aradidae is a family of true bugs (Heteroptera). Family members are commonly known as flat bugs due to their dorsoventrally flattened bodies. With few exceptions, these cryptic insects are of no economic importance. Aradids are 3 to 11 mm long and mostly blackish or brownish. Some species have short or reduced wings and they are often appear to have rough surface made from layers of fine debris held by hairs. This family occurs worldwide, with the most diversity occurring in Australia. Temperate species commonly live under the bark of dead trees, while many tropical species are found in leaf litter or on fallen twigs or branches. Adults have long coiled maxillary and mandibular stylets that may be five times the length of the body when uncoiled during feeding. They lack ocelli and the labia have four segments. The tarsi are two segmented. Females are often brachypterous or apterous while males are usually macropterous. The metathoracing scent glands are well developed. The legs a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coreidae
Coreidae is a large family (biology), family of predominantly sap-sucking insects in the Hemipteran suborder Heteroptera. The name "Coreidae" derives from the genus ''Coreus'', which derives from the Ancient Greek () meaning bedbug. As a family, the Coreidae are Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan, but most of the species are tropical or subtropical. Common names and significance The common names of the Coreidae vary regionally. Leaf-footed bug refers to leaf-like expansions on the Insect morphology#Legs, legs of some species, generally on the hind tibiae. In North America, the pest status of species such as ''Anasa tristis'' on squash (plant), squash plants and other Cucurbitaceae, cucurbits gave rise to the name squash bugs. The Coreidae are called twig-wilters or tip-wilters in parts of Africa and Australia because many species feed on young twigs, injecting enzymes that wikt:macerate, macerate the tissues of the growing tips and cause them to wilt abruptly. Morpholo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat Bug
Aradidae is a family of true bugs (Heteroptera). Family members are commonly known as flat bugs due to their dorsoventrally flattened bodies. With few exceptions, these cryptic insects are of no economic importance. Aradids are 3 to 11 mm long and mostly blackish or brownish. Some species have short or reduced wings and they are often appear to have rough surface made from layers of fine debris held by hairs. This family occurs worldwide, with the most diversity occurring in Australia. Temperate species commonly live under the bark of dead trees, while many tropical species are found in leaf litter or on fallen twigs or branches. Adults have long coiled maxillary and mandibular stylets that may be five times the length of the body when uncoiled during feeding. They lack ocelli and the labia have four segments. The tarsi are two segmented. Females are often brachypterous or apterous while males are usually macropterous. The metathoracing scent glands are well developed. The legs a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
