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Pachycephala
''Pachycephala'' is a genus of birds native to Oceania and Southeast Asia. They are commonly known as typical whistlers. Older guidebooks may refer to them as thickheads, a literal translation of the generic name, which is derived from the Ancient Greek terms ''pachys'' "thick" + ''kephale'' "head". This lineage originated in Australo-Papua and later colonized the Indonesian and Philippine archipelagos to the west and the Pacific archipelagos to the east. Taxonomy The genus ''Pachycephala'' was introduced in 1825 by the Irish zoologist Nicholas Vigors with the Australian golden whistler as the type species. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''pakhus'' meaning "large" or "thick" and ''kephalē'' meaning "head". The genus contains 53 species: * Olive whistler, ''Pachycephala olivacea'' * Red-lored whistler, ''Pachycephala rufogularis'' * Gilbert's whistler, ''Pachycephala inornata'' * Mangrove whistler, ''Pachycephala cinerea'' * Green-backed whistler, ''Pachycephal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert's Whistler
Gilbert's whistler (''Pachycephala inornata'') is a Monotypic taxon, monotypic species of bird Endemism, endemic to Australia, scattered in Semi-arid climate, semi-arid zones of southern Australia. Taxonomy The family Pachycephalidae originated within the Australo-Papuan region. Together with the red-lored whistler and the olive whistler, Gilbert's whistler is Basal (phylogenetics), basal to the genus Pachycephala – the typical whistlers. This old Monotypic taxon, monotypic Lineage (anthropology), lineage represents a Relict (biology), relictual form that was once more widespread. John Gould, who first described this species in 1841, named it after Mr Gilbert who discovered the bird in Western Australia and collected Zoological specimen, specimens that he handed over to Gould. As for its Binomial nomenclature, scientific name – ''Pachycephala inornata'' – in Ancient Greek ''pachys'' and ''kephale'' respectively mean ‘thick’ and ‘head’; several of the members of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rufous Whistler
The rufous whistler (''Pachycephala rufiventris'') is a species of whistler found in New Caledonia and Australia. Predominantly a reddish-brown and grey bird, it makes up for its subdued plumage with its song-making ability. Like many other members of the Pachycephalidae, it has a variety of musical calls. Taxonomy and systematics The rufous whistler was originally described in the genus '' Sylvia'' by the English ornithologist John Latham in 1801. It was subsequently classified within the genera '' Turdus'', ''Laniarius'', and ''Lanius'' before being classified in its present genus, ''Pachycephala''. Alternate names for the rufous whistler include the rufous-bellied whistler and white-bellied whistler. The latter name should not be confused with the species of the same name, ''Pachycephala leucogastra''. Some authorities have considered the black-headed, drab, and cinnamon-breasted whistlers to be subspecies of the rufous whistler. Subspecies Five subspecies are recognize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Golden Whistler
The Australian golden whistler (''Pachycephala pectoralis'') or golden whistler, is a species of bird found in forest, woodland, mallee, mangrove and scrub in Australia (except the interior and most of the north). Most populations are resident, but some in south-eastern Australia migrate north during the winter. Its taxonomy is highly complex and remains a matter of dispute, with some authorities including as many as 59 subspecies of the golden whistler (one of the highest numbers of subspecies in any bird), while others treat several of these as separate species. This bird is also known as White-Throated Thickhead in older books. Taxonomy and systematics The Australian golden whistler was originally described in the genus ''Muscicapa'' by the English ornithologist John Latham in 1801. Subspecies The taxonomy of the golden whistler complex is difficult, and remains a matter of dispute. Some authorities include a wide range of – often strikingly different – taxa from Indones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow-throated Whistler
The yellow-throated whistler (''Pachycephala macrorhyncha'') or Banda Sea whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is endemic to central and south-eastern Wallacea, where it ranges from Timor east to the Tanimbars and north to Seram and Banggai (roughly equalling the islands in or adjacent to the Banda Sea). The oriole whistler is sometimes alternatively called the yellow-throated whistler, leading to confusion between both species. Taxonomy and systematics The yellow-throated whistler was originally described in the genus ''Myiolestes'' (a synonym for ''Colluricincla''). The yellow-throated whistler is variably considered as either a subspecies of the Australian golden whistler or treated as a separate species, but strong published evidence in favour of either treatment is limited, and further study is warranted to resolve the complex taxonomic situation.Boles, W. E. (2007). Golden Whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis). pp. 421-423 in: del Hoyo, J.; Elli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selayar Whistler
The Selayar whistler (''Pachycephala teysmanni'') is a species of songbird in the family Pachycephalidae. Described by the Swiss zoologist Johann Büttikofer in 1878, it is endemic to the Indonesian island of Selayar, off the southwestern coast of Sulawesi. After its initial description, it was long considered a subspecies of the golden whistler and later the rusty-breasted whistler, before being raised to species status again in 2016. Selayar whistlers are around in length. Adult males have grey heads, white throats, olive-green upperparts, pinkish underparts, and brownish-olive tail and wing feathers. Adult females are largely similar to males, but have dark ochre lores and rufous ear-coverts. The similar appearances of the sexes in this species helps differentiate it from the rusty-breasted whistler; in that species, males have black-and-yellow plumage, contrasting with the female's olive-brown colouration. The Selayar whistler prefers forested habitats, but also occurs i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenggara Whistler
The Tenggara whistler (''Pachycephala calliope'', previously ''Pachycephala fulvotincta''), also known as the fulvous-tinted whistler and the rusty-breasted whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is endemic to Indonesia, where it ranges from Java east to Alor and north to the Selayar Islands. Taxonomy and systematics The Tenggara whistler is variably considered as either a subspecies of the widespread Australian golden whistler or treated as a separate species, but strong published evidence in favour of either treatment is limited, and further study is warranted to resolve the complex taxonomic situation.Boles, W. E. (2007). Golden Whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis). pp. 421-423 in: del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie, D. eds (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World''. Volume 12: ''Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. The name 'rusty-breasted whistler' was also used as an alternate name for the rusty whistler. With the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-vented Whistler
The white-vented whistler (''Pachycephala homeyeri'') is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is found in the southern Philippines and a few islands of Malaysia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forest and tropical moist montane forest. Description and taxonomy EBird describes the bird as "Warm brown above and white below with a faint cinnamon wash near the “shoulders” that give it a “vested” appearance. Can be similar to Negros Jungle-Flycatcher, which is generally found at higher altitudes. Look for a combination of longer, smaller-headed profile, and incomplete, diffuse breast band in present species. Found from the central Philippines south to islands off Borneo’s northeastern coast, where it inhabits lowland to submontane forests. Frequently moves with mixed flocks, often in lower levels of forest, but can be found up into the canopy. Gives high, thin, clean-sounding whistles as well as various warbled and whistled notes." The altern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red-lored Whistler
The red-lored whistler (''Pachycephala rufogularis'') is one of nine species of whistler occurring in Australia and a member of the family Pachycephalidae which includes whistlers, shrike-thrushes, pitohuis and allies. The limited range of this endemic bird of the Mallee woodland in one small area in New South Wales and another, larger area encompassing north-western Victoria and adjacent South Australia has seen it listed nationally as vulnerable. Taxonomy and systematics The scientific name refers to the red throat, lores and face and literally translates to thick head red throat (''pachy –'' 'thick'; ''cephala'' – 'head'; ''rufo'' – 'red'; ''gularis'' – 'throat'). Whistlers were once known as thickheads. Alternate names include buff- breasted, red-throated or rufous-throated whistler or thickhead, and red-lored thickhead. The monotypic red-lored whistler is a part of the corvoid radiation of oscine passerines, although there remains no clear consensus as to the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Whistler
The western whistler (''Pachycephala fuliginosa'') is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae found in southwest Australia. Prior to 2015, the western whistler was considered as a subspecies of the Australian golden whistler until recognized as a separate species following molecular studies that suggested a closer relationship to the mangrove golden whistler species complex. Taxonomy The history of this taxon is complex. Western whistler (''Pachycephala fuliginosa'') is currently considered to occur both in southwestern and south-central Australia. Both these populations were originally considered to belong to the golden whistler (''P. pectoralis''). However, the southwestern population was shown to be more closely related to mangrove golden whistler (''P. melanura'') and was consequently recognised as a separate species (''P. occidentalis''). The south-central population was subsequently shown to be closer to the southwestern population. These two populations were c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oriole Whistler
The oriole whistler (''Pachycephala orioloides''), also known as the yellow-throated whistler (leading to easy confusion with '' Pachycephala macrorhyncha''), is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae, which is endemic to the Solomon Islands (archipelago). Taxonomy and systematics It is variably considered a subspecies of a widespread golden whistler (''P. pectoralis'') or treated as a separate species, but strong published evidence in favour of either treatment is limited, and further study is warranted to resolve the complex taxonomic situation.Boles, W. E. (2007). Golden Whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis). pp. 421-423 in: del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie, D. eds (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World''. Volume 12: ''Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Even if not recognized as a separate species, the oriole whistler includes several very different subspecies, though the males are united by their yellow throat. Subspecies Nine sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green-backed Whistler
The green-backed whistler (''Pachycephala albiventris'') or olive-backed whistler, is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forest and tropical moist montane forest. Description and taxonomy EBird describes the bird as "A fairly small bird of forest from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains. Olive-green on the head, back, wings, and tail. Gray on the chest with a slightly streaked throat, a whitish belly, and pale yellow under the base of the tail. Note the fairly thick bill. Similar to Ashy-breasted Flycatcher, but smaller, with a thicker bill. Song is a typical whistler-like melody including some explosive, upslurred “whip!” or downslurred “piuu!” notes." Formerly, some authorities considered the green-backed whistler to be a subspecies of the mangrove whistler. Subspecies Three subspecies are recognized: * ''P. a. albiventris'' – ( Ogilvie-Grant, 1894): Found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-chinned Whistler
The black-chinned whistler (''Pachycephala mentalis'') is a species of bird in the family Pachycephalidae, endemic to Halmahera and adjacent smaller islands in North Maluku in Indonesia. Taxonomy and systematics It is variably considered a subspecies of the Australian golden whistler or treated as a separate species, but strong published evidence in favour of either treatment is limited, and further study is warranted to resolve the complex taxonomic situation.Boles, W. E. (2007). Golden Whistler (Pachycephala pectoralis). pp. 421-423 in: del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Christie, D. eds (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World''. Volume 12: ''Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Subspecies Three subspecies are recognized: * ''P. m. tidorensis'' – van Bemmel, 1939: Found on Tidore and Ternate islands * ''P. m. mentalis'' – Wallace, 1863: Found on Bacan, Halmahera and Morotai islands * ''P. m. obiensis'' – Salvadori, 1878: Originally describe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
