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Oryza
''Oryza'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. It includes the major food crop rice (species '' Oryza sativa'' and '' Oryza glaberrima''). Members of the genus grow as tall, wetland grasses, growing to tall; the genus includes both annual and perennial species. ''Oryza'' is situated in tribe Oryzeae, which is characterized morphologically by its single-flowered spikelets whose glumes are almost completely suppressed. In ''Oryza'', two sterile lemma simulate glumes. The tribe Oryzeae is in subfamily Ehrhartoideae, a group of Poaceae tribes with certain features of internal leaf anatomy in common. The most distinctive leaf characteristics of this subfamily are the arm cells and fusoid cells found in their leaves.Heywood, V.H. Flowering Plants of the World 1993 Oxford University Press One species, Asian rice ( ''O. sativa''), provides 20% of global grain and is a food crop of major global importance. The species are divided into two subgroups within the genus. Species I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Sativa
''Oryza sativa'', having the common name Asian cultivated rice, is the much more common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being ''Oryza glaberrima, O. glaberrima'', African rice. It was History of rice cultivation, first domesticated in the Yangtze River basin in China 13,500 to 8,200 years ago. ''Oryza sativa'' belongs to the genus ''Oryza'' and the BOP clade in the grass family Poaceae. With a genome consisting of 430megabase, Mbp across 12 chromosomes, it is renowned for being easy to Genetically modified rice, genetically modify and is a model organism for the study of the biology of cereals and Monocotyledon, monocots. Description ''O. sativa'' has an erect stalk stem that grows tall, with a smooth surface. The leaf is lanceolate, long, and grows from a ligule long. Image:Kerbau Jawa.jpg, Domestic buffalo, Water buffalo ploughing a rice paddyfield, Java File:Jumli Marshi Oryza sativa Rice.jpg, Jumli Marshi, brown rice from Nepal File: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Ridleyi
''Oryza'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. It includes the major food crop rice (species ''Oryza sativa'' and ''Oryza glaberrima''). Members of the genus grow as tall, wetland grasses, growing to tall; the genus includes both annual and perennial species. ''Oryza'' is situated in tribe Oryzeae, which is characterized morphologically by its single-flowered spikelets whose glumes are almost completely suppressed. In ''Oryza'', two sterile lemma simulate glumes. The tribe Oryzeae is in subfamily Ehrhartoideae, a group of Poaceae tribes with certain features of internal leaf anatomy in common. The most distinctive leaf characteristics of this subfamily are the arm cells and fusoid cells found in their leaves.Heywood, V.H. Flowering Plants of the World 1993 Oxford University Press One species, Asian rice ( ''O. sativa''), provides 20% of global grain and is a food crop of major global importance. The species are divided into two subgroups within the genus. Species Insid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Glaberrima
''Oryza glaberrima'', commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago. In agriculture, it has largely been replaced by higher-yielding Asian rice ('' O. sativa''), and the number of varieties grown is declining. It still persists, making up an estimated 20% of rice grown in West Africa. It is now rarely sold in West African markets, having been replaced by Asian strains. In comparison to Asian rice, African rice is hardy, pest-resistant, low-labour, and suited to a larger variety of African conditions. It is described as filling, with a distinct nutty flavour. It is also grown for cultural reasons; for instance, it is sacred to followers of Awasena (a traditional African religion) among the Jola people, and is a heritage variety in the United States. Crossbreeding between African and Asian rice is difficult, but there exist some crosses. Jones ''et al.'' 1997 and Gridley ''e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Punctata
''Oryza punctata'' is an annual grass in the rice genus ''Oryza'', also known as red rice, related to cultivated rice '' O. sativa''. ''O. punctata'' forms clumps or tussocks from 50–120 cm tall.Ibrahim, K.M. and Kabuye, C.H.S. (1987). An illustrated guide of Kenya Grasses. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. It is a native to tropical Africa and Madagascar but is also found in Thailand and other parts of Indochina.Fish, L., Mashau, A.C., Moeaha, M.J. and Nembudani, M.T. (2015) Identification guide to southern African grasses, An identification manual with keys, descriptions and distributions. Strelitzia ''O. punctata'' is a weed species in commercial rice growing operations although it appears to be rare in its native range.POWO (2019). "Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the InternetRetrieved 10 October 2019."Phillips, S., Namaganda, M and Lye, K.A. (2003) 115 Ugandan grasses. Makerere Herbarium Han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Barthii
''Oryza barthii'', also called Barth's rice, wild rice, or African wild rice, is a grass in the rice genus ''Oryza''. It is an annual, erect to semierect grass. It has leaves with a short ligule (<), and that are compact to open, rarely having secondary branching. The inflorescence structure are large spikelets, long and wide, with strong awns (up to long), usually red. The inflorescences have anthers long. This wild rice grows in sub-Saharan Africa, and is found in or savanna woodland, or [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rice
Rice is a cereal grain and in its Domestication, domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice)—or, much less commonly, ''Oryza glaberrima'' (African rice). Asian rice was domesticated in China some 13,500 to 8,200 years ago; African rice was domesticated in Africa about 3,000 years ago. Rice has become commonplace in many cultures worldwide; in 2023, 800 million tons were produced, placing it third after sugarcane and maize. Only some 8% of rice is traded internationally. China, India, and Indonesia are the largest consumers of rice. A substantial amount of the rice produced in developing nations is lost after harvest through factors such as poor transport and storage. Rice yields can be reduced by pests including insects, rodents, and birds, as well as by weeds, and by List of rice diseases, diseases such as rice blast. Traditional rice polyc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Australiensis
''Oryza australiensis'' is a wild rice species native to monsoonal northern Australia. Also known as Australian rice or Australian Wild Rice, it is a perennial plant that uses the C3 photosynthesis pathway. ''O. australiensis'' is unique among other ''Oryza'' for its resistance to abiotic stresses, particularly from heat, and having the largest genome in the genus. Description Appearance wise, ''O. australiensis'' is categorised as long paddy rice with short grain. It is a perennial (lives for longer than 2 years), rhizomatous grass. It has straight culms, which are between and tall. It also has a panicle inflorescence that is either open or partially contracted, and between and long. Its lemma awns are between and long. Leave colour varies between either a grey-green or a dark-green colour. ''O. australiensis'' is more slender than domesticated rice, and has a high gelatinization temperature and content of amylose, meaning it doesn't stick together after cooking. Alon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oryza Longistaminata
''Oryza longistaminata'' is a perennial species of grass from the same genus as cultivated rice (''O. sativa''). It is native to most of sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. It has been introduced into the United States, where it is often regarded as a noxious weed A noxious weed, harmful weed or injurious weed is a weed that has been designated by an agricultural or other governing authority as a plant that is harmful to agricultural or horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or lives .... Its common names are longstamen rice and red rice. The host resistance gene, ''Xa21'', from ''O. longistaminata'', has been integrated into the genome of '' O. sativa'' as it confers broad resistance to rice blight disease caused by ''Xanthomonas oryzae'' pv. ''oryzae''. Distribution ''O. longistaminata'' is native throughout Africa. References External links longistaminata Grasses of Africa Plants described in 1914 Weeds Taxa named by Auguste Chevalier [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
