Non-volatile Random-access Memory
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Non-volatile Random-access Memory
Non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) is random-access memory that retains data without applied power. This is in contrast to dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) and static random-access memory (SRAM), which both maintain data only for as long as power is applied, or forms of Sequential access memory, sequential-access memory such as magnetic tape, which cannot be randomly accessed but which retains data indefinitely without electric power. Read-only memory devices can be used to store system firmware in embedded systems such as an automotive ignition system control or home appliance. They are also used to hold the initial processor instructions required to Bootstrapping, bootstrap a computer system. Read-write memory such as NVRAM can be used to store calibration constants, passwords, or setup information, and may be integrated into a microcontroller. If the main memory of a computer system were non-volatile, it would greatly reduce the time required to start a system afte ...
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DS1225
DS1 or DS-1 may refer to: * BOSS DS-1, a guitar distortion pedal * Digital Signal 1, a T-carrier signaling scheme devised by Bell Labs * Deep Space 1, a mission to 9969 Braille & 19P/Borrelly * DS-1 (drug), a selective GABAA α4β3δ agonist drug * South African Class DS1, a diesel locomotive class * Datsun ''DS-1'', a car by Nissan, see Datsun DS Series * '' Dark Souls'', an action role-playing game * Dead Space (2008 video game), a survival horror game * VR Class Ds1, a Finnish railbus class * DS-1 Orbital Battle Station, the full name of the original Death Star space station in the ''Star Wars ''Star Wars'' is an American epic film, epic space opera media franchise created by George Lucas, which began with the Star Wars (film), eponymous 1977 film and Cultural impact of Star Wars, quickly became a worldwide popular culture, pop cu ...'' franchise See also * DS (other) * Canon EOS-1Ds series {{Letter-number combination disambiguation ...
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Flip-flop (electronics)
In electronics, flip-flops and latches are electronic circuit, circuits that have two stable states that can store state information – a bistable multivibrator. The circuit can be made to change state by signals applied to one or more control inputs and will output its state (often along with its logical complement too). It is the basic storage element in sequential logic. Flip-flops and latches are fundamental building blocks of digital electronics systems used in computers, communications, and many other types of systems. Flip-flops and latches are used as data storage elements to store a single ''bit'' (binary digit) of data; one of its two states represents a "one" and the other represents a "zero". Such data storage can be used for storage of ''state (computer science), state'', and such a circuit is described as sequential logic in electronics. When used in a finite-state machine, the output and next state depend not only on its current input, but also on its current stat ...
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TRS-80 Model 100
The TRS-80 Model 100 is a Notebook form factor, notebook-sized portable computer introduced in April 1983. It was the first commercially successful notebook computer, as well as one of the first notebook computers ever released. It features a keyboard and liquid-crystal display, in a battery-powered package roughly the size and shape of a notepad or large book. The 224-page, spiral-bound User Manual is nearly the same size as the computer itself. It was made by Kyocera, and originally sold in Japan as the Kyotronic 85. Although a slow seller for Kyocera, the rights to the machine were purchased by Tandy Corporation. The computer was sold through Radio Shack stores in the United States and Canada and affiliated dealers in other countries. It became one of the company's most popular models, with over 6 million units sold worldwide. The Olivetti M-10 and the NEC PC-8201 and PC-8300 were also built on the same Kyocera platform, with some design and hardware differences. It was orig ...
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Apple Macintosh
Mac is a brand of personal computers designed and marketed by Apple Inc., Apple since 1984. The name is short for Macintosh (its official name until 1999), a reference to the McIntosh (apple), McIntosh apple. The current product lineup includes the MacBook Air and MacBook Pro laptops, and the iMac, Mac Mini, Mac Studio, and Mac Pro desktops. Macs are currently sold with Apple's UNIX-based macOS operating system, which is Proprietary software, not licensed to other manufacturers and exclusively Pre-installed software, bundled with Mac computers. This operating system replaced Apple's original Macintosh operating system, which has variously been named System, Mac OS, and Classic Mac OS. Jef Raskin conceived the Macintosh project in 1979, which was usurped and redefined by Apple co-founder Steve Jobs in 1981. The original Macintosh 128K, Macintosh was launched in January 1984, after Apple's 1984 (advertisement), "1984" advertisement during Super Bowl XVIII. A series of increment ...
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Nonvolatile BIOS Memory
Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small Memory (computers), memory on personal computer, PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings. It is traditionally called CMOS RAM because it uses a volatile memory, volatile, low-power CMOS, complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) Static random access memory, SRAM (such as the Motorola MC146818 or similar) powered by a small battery when system and standby power is off. It is referred to as non-volatile memory or Non-volatile random-access memory, NVRAM because, after the system loses power, it does retain state by virtue of the CMOS battery. When the battery fails, BIOS settings are reset to their defaults. The battery can also be used to power a real time clock (RTC) and the RTC, NVRAM and battery may be integrated into a single component. The name CMOS memory comes from the technology used to make the memory, which is easier to say than NVRAM. The CMOS RAM and the real-time clock have been integrated as a part of t ...
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