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National City, California
National City is a city in the South Bay region of southwestern San Diego County, California, United States. The population was 56,173 at the 2020 United States census, down from 58,582 at the 2010 census. National City is the second-oldest city in San Diego County, having been incorporated in 1887. History Human presence within the modern National City may have begun as early as 130,000 years ago, as allegedly evidenced at the Cerutti Mastodon site. Later in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century there was a Kumeyaay village, north of the modern National City boundaries, on Chollas Creek. The Spanish named the of land ''El Rancho del Rey'' (the Ranch of the King), used by Spanish soldiers to graze horses. After independence from Spain, in 1810, the Mexican government renamed it Rancho de la Nación (Ranch of the Nation). Governor Pío Pico granted Rancho de la Nación to his brother-in-law John (Don Juan) Forster in 1845. President Andrew Johnson, in issuing th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Municipalities In California
California is a U.S. state, state located in the Western United States. It is the List of U.S. states and territories by population, most populous state and the List of U.S. states and territories by area, third largest by area after Alaska and Texas. According to the 2020 United States Census, California has 39,538,223 inhabitants and of land. California has been inhabited by numerous Indigenous peoples of California, Native American peoples for thousands of years. The Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish, the Russian colonization of the Americas, Russians, and other Europeans began exploring and colonizing the area in the 16th and 17th centuries, with the Spanish establishing its first California Spanish missions in California, mission at what is now Presidio of San Diego, San Diego in 1769. After the Mexican Cession of 1848, the California Gold Rush brought worldwide attention to the area. The growth of the Cinema of the United States, movie industry in Los Angeles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Area Code 619
Area codes 619 and 858 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for most of San Diego County in the U.S. state of California. Area code 619 was created by a split of area code 714 in 1982. In 1999, a part of the 619 numbering plan area was assigned area code 858 in northwest San Diego County. In 2019, the area code boundary between 619 and 858 was eliminated, creating an overlay complex with the two area codes. History When the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) devised the first nationwide telephone numbering plan for Operator Toll Dialing in 1947, California was divided into three numbering plan areas, which were reorganized geographically in 1950. The first area code split became necessary in 1951, when most of the southern and eastern portion, including San Diego and most of Orange County, was assigned area code 714. In 1982, 714 was split and almost all of the southernmost portion of California, from San Diego to the Nevada border re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pío Pico
Don (honorific), Don Pío de Jesús Pico IV (May 5, 1801 – September 11, 1894) was a California politician, ranchero, and entrepreneur, famous for serving as the List of governors of California before 1850, last governor of Alta California under Mexican rule from 1845 to 1846. He briefly held the governorship during a disputed period in 1832. A member of the prominent Pico family of California, he was one of the wealthiest men in California at the time and a hugely influential figure in Californian society, continuing as a citizen of the nascent U.S. state of California. His legacy can be seen in the numerous places named after him, such as the city of Pico Rivera, California, Pico Rivera, Pico Boulevard in Los Angeles, Pio Pico State Historic Park, and numerous schools that bear his name. Early years Ancestry Pío Pico was of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Native American, Spaniards, Spanish, Italians, Italian, and Africans, African ancestry. His earliest known ancesto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rancho De La Nación
Rancho de la Nación was a Mexican land grant in present-day southern San Diego County, California, given in 1845 by Governor Pío Pico to John (Don Juan) Forster. The grant encompassed present-day National City, Chula Vista, Bonita, Sunnyside and the western Sweetwater Valley. History Known as the Rancho del Rey (Ranch of the King) under Spain, this land south of the Presidio of San Diego served since 1795 as a presidial cattle grazing ground. The ranch was renamed Rancho de la Nación (Ranch of the Nation) by the Mexican authorities after its independence. In 1828, a report stated that the Rancho de la Nación, kept two hundred and fifty cattle and twenty-five horses for the Presidio. In 1845, this six square league land grant was made by Governor Pico to his brother-in-law, John Forster. John Forster (1815–1882), born in England, came to California in 1833. In 1837, he married Ysidora Pico, sister of Pío and Andrés Pico. John Forster was later the owner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chollas Creek
Chollas Creek, also referred to as Las Chollas Creek, is an urban creek in San Diego County, California, United States, that is long. The Chollas Creek's four branches begin in the cities of Lemon Grove, California, Lemon Grove and La Mesa, California, La Mesa and empties into San Diego Bay at Barrio Logan, San Diego, California, Barrio Logan. Bifurcating into two main forks, the creek may also be dry during the Southern California dry season. Multiple plant, animal, and aquatic wildlife species live in or around the creek, including the rare plants ''Juncus acutus leopoldii'' and ''Iva hayesiana'', and the threatened Coastal California gnatcatcher. The creek has existed prior to 1500 BC and was used by the Kumeyaay tribe, who had a village by the creek. By 1841, the Kumeyaay village was no longer present. The creek has flooded numerous times, displacing nearby residents. Portions of the creek have been armored or Channelized (river), channelized. A dam was constructed on a tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumeyaay People
The Kumeyaay, also known as 'Iipai-Tiipai or by the historical Spanish name Diegueño, is a tribe of Indigenous peoples of the Americas who live at the northern border of Baja California in Mexico and the southern border of California in the United States. They are an Indigenous people of California. The Kumeyaay language belongs to the Yuman–Cochimí language family. The Kumeyaay consist of three related groups, the 'Iipai, Tiipai, and Kamia. The San Diego River loosely divided the 'Iipay and the Tiipai historical homelands, while the Kamia lived in the eastern desert areas. The 'Iipai lived to the north, from Escondido to Lake Henshaw, while the Tiipai lived to the south, in lands including the Laguna Mountains, Ensenada, and Tecate. The Kamia lived to the east in an area that included Mexicali and bordered the Salton Sea. Name The Kumeyaay or 'Iipai-Tiipai were formerly known as the Diegueños, the former Spanish name applied to the Mission Indians living along ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sweetwater River (California)
The Sweetwater River is a long stream in San Diego County, California. From its headwaters high in the Cuyamaca Mountains, the river flows generally southwest, first through rugged hinterlands but then into the urban areas surrounding its mouth at San Diego Bay. Its drainage basin covers more than , all of it within San Diego County. Towns on the river include Descanso, La Presa and Chula Vista. The term "Sweetwater" is a name often given to freshwater which tastes good in regions where much of the water is bitter to the taste. The Spanish called the river "Agua Dulce", a name they applied to good clear water anywhere they lived. Course The river rises as an intermittent trickle flowing out of Upper Green Valley, deep in the semi-arid Cuyamaca Mountains near Stonewall Peak. It flows south-southwest, receiving Harper Creek from the left and Stonewall Creek from the right, then coursing through narrow valleys and passing the small town of Descanso. As the river enters the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaic Period In North America
In the classification of the archaeological cultures of North America, the Archaic period in North America, taken to last from around 8000 to 1000 BC in the sequence of North American pre-Columbian cultural stages, is a period defined by the ''archaic stage'' of cultural development. The Archaic stage is characterized by subsistence economies supported through the exploitation of nuts, seeds, and shellfish. As its ending is defined by the adoption of sedentary farming, this date can vary significantly across the Americas. The rest of the Americas also have an Archaic Period. Classifications This classification system was first proposed by Gordon Willey and Philip Phillips in the widely accepted 1958 book ''Method and Theory in American Archaeology''. In the organization of the system, the Archaic period followed the Lithic stage and is superseded by the Formative stage. # The Lithic stage # The Archaic stage # The Formative stage # The Classic stage # The Post-Classic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craig Childs
Craig Leland Childs (born April 21, 1967) is an American author, naturalist, and wilderness explorer primarily known for his writings about the American Southwest. Biography Early life and education Childs was born in Tempe, Arizona. His parents were James Childs, an insurance agent, and Sharon Carpenter (née Riegel), an artist who made furniture. They divorced when he was three years old, however, and Childs was primarily raised by his mother, whom he described as a "insatiable outdoor traveler." His father, whom Childs described as "a southern New Mexico intellectual redneck," had been a promising runner in his early years, but a torn Achilles tendon in his freshman year at college permanently ended his athletic ambitions. Childs earned his Bachelor of Arts and graduated ''magna cum laude'' from the University of Colorado Boulder in 1990. He later earned his master's degree in desert studies from Prescott College. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Childs spent his summer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerutti Mastodon Site
The Cerutti Mastodon site is a paleontology, paleontological and possible archeological site in San Diego County, California. In 2017, broken mastodon bones at the site were Radiometric dating, dated to around 130,700 years ago. The bones were found with Cobble (geology), cobblestones displaying use-wear and impact marks among the otherwise fine-grain sands. Researchers have proposed that these marks were caused by the intentional breakage of the broken bones by Hominini, hominins using the cobblestones. If true, that would be older by far than the scientific consensus for habitation of the New World, which generally traces widespread Settlement of the Americas, human migration to the Americas to 19,000 to 26,000 years ago, and tens of thousands of years earlier than any Homo sites outside of Africa. Context The Cerutti Mastodon site (SDNHM locality 3767) is a paleontological site located in San Diego County, California, United States. A team of researchers from the San Diego ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Columbian Era
In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era, also known as the pre-contact era, or as the pre-Cabraline era specifically in Brazil, spans from the initial peopling of the Americas in the Upper Paleolithic to the onset of European colonization of the Americas, European colonization, which began with Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492. This era encompasses the history of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous cultures prior to significant European influence, which in some cases did not occur until decades or even centuries after Columbus's arrival. During the pre-Columbian era, many civilizations developed permanent settlements, cities, agricultural practices, civic and monumental architecture, major Earthworks (archaeology), earthworks, and Complex society, complex societal hierarchies. Some of these civilizations had declined by the time of the establishment of the first permanent European colonies, around the late 16th to early 17th centuries, and are know ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
