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Local Government In Ukraine
Local government in Ukraine () consists of two systems based on the administrative divisions of Ukraine.Batanov, O. Local government (Місцева влада)'. Legal Encyclopedia. There are 24 Oblasts of Ukraine, oblasts, one Autonomous Republic of Crimea, autonomous republic, and two City with special status, cities with special status, with each region further divided into List of raions of Ukraine, raions (districts) and then hromadas. In Ukraine, relations regarding the organization and activity of entities of local government are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine, laws "About local self-governance in Ukraine" (1997) and "About local state administrations" (1999). Deputies in Ukrainian local councils work on a voluntary basis. Concept and structure Two systems of local government: # a system of local self government as public government (like public sector) of territorial community (hromada) and formed by them municipal governing bodies (municipal authority) (lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administrative Divisions Of Ukraine
The administrative divisions of Ukraine ( ) are under the jurisdiction of the Constitution of Ukraine, Ukrainian Constitution. Ukraine is a unitary state with three levels of administrative divisions: 27 regions (24 Oblasts of Ukraine, oblasts, two City with special status, cities with special status and one Autonomous Republic of Crimea, autonomous republic), 136 raions of Ukraine, raions (districts) and 1469 hromadas. The administrative reform of July 2020 merged most of the 490 legacy raions and 118 pre-2020 City of regional significance (Ukraine), cities of regional significance into 136 reorganized raions, or districts of Ukraine. The next level below raions are hromadas. Following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, annexations of Crimea and Annexation of southeastern Ukraine by the Russian Federation, southeastern Ukraine by the Russian Federation, Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol as well as portions of Donetsk Oblast, Donetsk, Kherson Oblast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rural Council (Ukraine)
Local government in Ukraine () consists of two systems based on the administrative divisions of Ukraine.Batanov, O. Local government (Місцева влада)'. Legal Encyclopedia. There are 24 oblasts, one autonomous republic, and two cities with special status, with each region further divided into raions (districts) and then hromadas. In Ukraine, relations regarding the organization and activity of entities of local government are regulated by the Constitution of Ukraine, laws "About local self-governance in Ukraine" (1997) and "About local state administrations" (1999). Deputies in Ukrainian local councils work on a voluntary basis. Concept and structure Two systems of local government: # a system of local self government as public government (like public sector) of territorial community (hromada) and formed by them municipal governing bodies (municipal authority) (local councils) # a system of local bodies of state executive power that is represented by local state a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health
Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different purposes over time. In general, it refers to physical and emotional well-being, especially that associated with normal functioning of the human body, absent of disease, pain (including mental pain), or injury. Health can be promoted by encouraging healthful activities, such as regular physical exercise and adequate sleep, and by reducing or avoiding unhealthful activities or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. Some factors affecting health are due to individual choices, such as whether to engage in a high-risk behavior, while others are due to structural causes, such as whether the society is arranged in a way that makes it easier or harder for people to get necessary healthcare services. Still, other factors are beyond both individual and group choices, such as genetic disorders. History The meaning of health has evolved over time. In keeping with the biomedical perspective, earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education
Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education also follows a structured approach but occurs outside the formal schooling system, while informal education involves unstructured learning through daily experiences. Formal and non-formal education are categorized into levels, including early childhood education, primary education, secondary education, and tertiary education. Other classifications focus on teaching methods, such as teacher-centered and student-centered education, and on subjects, such as science education, language education, and physical education. Additionally, the term "education" can denote the mental states and qualities of educated individuals and the academic field studying educational phenomena. The precise definition of education is disputed, and there are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Construction Industry
Construction are processes involved in delivering buildings, infrastructure, industrial facilities, and associated activities through to the end of their life. It typically starts with planning, financing, and design that continues until the asset is built and ready for use. Construction also covers repairs and maintenance work, any works to expand, extend and improve the asset, and its eventual demolition, dismantling or decommissioning. The construction industry contributes significantly to many countries' gross domestic products ( GDP). Global expenditure on construction activities was about $4 trillion in 2012. In 2022, expenditure on the construction industry exceeded $11 trillion a year, equivalent to about 13 percent of global GDP. This spending was forecasted to rise to around $14.8 trillion in 2030. The construction industry promotes economic development and brings many non-monetary benefits to many countries, but it is one of the most hazardous industries. For ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transport
Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional Motion, movement of humans, animals, and cargo, goods from one location to another. Mode of transport, Modes of transport include aviation, air, land transport, land (rail transport, rail and road transport, road), ship transport, water, cable transport, cable, pipeline transport, pipelines, and space transport, space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport enables human trade, which is essential for the development of civilizations. Transport infrastructure consists of both fixed installations, including roads, railways, airway (aviation), airways, waterways, canals, and pipeline transport, pipelines, and terminals such as airports, train station, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fuel docks and fuel stations), and seaports. Terminals may be used both for the interchange of passengers and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catering
Catering is the business of providing food services at a remote site or a site such as a hotel, hospital, pub, aircraft, cruise ship, park, festival, filming location or film studio. History of catering The earliest account of major services being catered in the United States was an event for William Howe of Philadelphia in 1778. The event served local foods that were a hit with the attendees, who eventually popularized catering as a career. The official industry began to be recognized around the 1820s, with the caterers being disproportionately African-American. The catering business began to form around 1820, centered in Philadelphia. Robert Bogle The industry began to professionalize under Robert Bogle who is recognized as "the originator of catering." Catering was originally done by servants of wealthy elites. Butlers and house slaves, who were often black, were in a good position to become caterers. Essentially, caterers in the 1860s were "public butlers" as they orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Housing
Housing refers to a property containing one or more Shelter (building), shelter as a living space. Housing spaces are inhabited either by individuals or a collective group of people. Housing is also referred to as a human need and right to housing, human right, playing a critical role in shaping the quality of life for individuals, families, and communities. As a result, the quality and type of housing an individual or collective inhabits plays a large role in housing organization and housing housing policy, policy. Overview Housing is a physical structure indented for dwelling, lodging or shelter (building), shelter that homes people and provides them with a place to reside. Housing includes a wide range of sub-genres from apartments and houses to temporary shelters and emergency accommodations. Access to safe, affordable, and stable housing is essential for a person to achieve optimal health, safety, and overall well-being. Housing affects economic, social, and cultural ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planning
Planning is the process of thinking regarding the activities required to achieve a desired goal. Planning is based on foresight, the fundamental capacity for mental time travel. Some researchers regard the evolution of forethought - the capacity to think ahead - as a prime mover in human evolution. Planning is a fundamental property of intelligent behavior. It involves the use of logic and imagination to visualize not only a desired result, but the steps necessary to achieve that result. An important aspect of planning is its relationship to forecasting. Forecasting aims to predict what the future will look like, while planning imagines what the future could look like. Planning according to established principles - most notably since the early-20th century - forms a core part of many professional occupations, particularly in fields such as management and business. Once people have developed a plan, they can measure and assess progress, efficiency and effectiveness. As circu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Development
Sociocultural evolution, sociocultural evolutionism or social evolution are theories of sociobiology and cultural evolution that describe how societies and culture change over time. Whereas sociocultural development traces processes that tend to increase the complexity of a society or culture, sociocultural evolution also considers process that can lead to decreases in complexity ( degeneration) or that can produce variation or proliferation without any seemingly significant changes in complexity (cladogenesis). Sociocultural evolution is "the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure that is qualitatively different from the ancestral form". Most of the 19th-century and some 20th-century approaches to socioculture aimed to provide models for the evolution of humankind as a whole, arguing that different societies have reached different stages of social development. The most comprehensive attempt to develop a ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BBC Ukrainian
BBC News Ukrainian () is the Ukrainian service of BBC News which conveys the latest political, social, economical and sport news relevant to Ukraine and the world. It started broadcasts in 1992.Бі-Бі-Сі – зрозуміти світ, BBC Ukrainian. Its headquarters are in London, United Kingdom. The first BBC Ukrainian program was aired on 1 June 1992. It featured President of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk and UK Prime Minister John Major. It has had an office in Kyiv since 1993 with around ten staff, in 1993 the office was staffed by one correspondent. BBC Ukrainian has a few dozen reporters - both in Ukraine and abroad. From June 2009 BBC Ukrainian aired hourly news broadcasts outside its morning and evening broadcasts. Radio broadcasts ceased on 29 April 2011, leaving only Internet publication. Programs "Morning with the BBC" and "Good evening from London" were two of the most popular programmes broadcast directly from the British capital and from Kyiv, the latter was in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raions Of Ukraine
A raion (; ), often translated as district, is the second-level Administrative divisions of Ukraine, administrative division in Ukraine. Raions were created in a 1922 administrative reform of the Soviet Union, to which Ukraine, as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, belonged. On 17 July 2020, the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) approved an administrative reform to merge most of the 490 raions, along with the "City of regional significance (Ukraine), cities of regional significance", which were previously outside the raions, into just 136 reformed raions. Most tasks of the raions (education, healthcare, sport facilities, culture, and social welfare) were taken over by new hromadas, the subdivisions of raions.Where did 354 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
