|
Lalage (bird)
''Lalage'' is a genus of passerine birds belonging to the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae, many of which are commonly known as trillers. There are about 20 species which occur in southern Asia and Australasia with a number of species on Pacific islands. They feed mainly on insects and fruit. They build a neat cup-shaped nest high in a tree. They are fairly small birds, about 15 to 20 cm long. They are mainly black, grey and white in colour. Most species are fairly common but the Samoan triller is considered to be near threatened and the Norfolk Island subspecies of the long-tailed triller has become extinct. Taxonomy The genus ''Lalage'' was introduced in 1826 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie to accommodate a single species, ''Turdus orientalis'' Gmelin, JF, 1788, a junior synonym of ''Turdus niger'' Pennant, 1781, the pied triller. The genus name is from Ancient Greek ''lagages'', an unidentified bird mentioned by the Greek lexicographer Hesychius of Alexand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pied Triller
The pied triller (''Lalage nigra'') is a species of bird in the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae. It is found in Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Taxonomy In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description and an illustration of the pied triller in the second volume of his ''Ornithologie'' based on a specimen that had been collected in the East Indies. He used the French name ''Le Merle des Indes'' and the Latin name ''Merula Indica''. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the Binomial nomenclature, binomial system and are not recognised by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. In a section of a book by Johann Reinhold Forster published in 1781 the Welsh naturalist Thomas Pennant coined the binomial name ''Turdus niger'' for the pied triller and cited Brisson's work. In 1922 the type location (biology), type location was restricted to Singapore by the American zoologist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct
Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and recover. As a species' potential Range (biology), range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxon, Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the Fossil, fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. Over five billion species are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryotes globally, possibly many times more if microorganisms are included. Notable extinct animal species include Dinosaur, non-avian dinosaurs, Machairodontinae, saber-toothed cats, and mammoths. Through evolution, species arise through the process of specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-browed Triller
The black-browed triller (''Lalage atrovirens'') is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is found in northern New Guinea. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, ...s and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests. The Biak triller (''L. leucoptera'') was formerly considered a subspecies. It is very vocal, and often travels in flocks with other species. Like many bird species of New Guinea, very little is known about it. References black-browed triller Birds of northern New Guinea black-browed triller black-browed triller Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Campephagidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-browed Triller
The white-browed triller (''Lalage moesta'') is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to Indonesia, where it occurs in the Tanimbar Islands The Tanimbar Islands (; ), also called ''Timur Laut'' (literally, "North East"; ), are a group of about 65 islands in the Maluku province of Indonesia. The largest and most central of the islands is Yamdena; others include Selaru to the sout .... References white-browed triller Birds of the Tanimbar Islands white-browed triller white-browed triller Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Endemic birds of Indonesia {{Campephagidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rufous-bellied Triller
The rufous-bellied triller (''Lalage aurea'') is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to North Maluku in Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, ...s and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests. References rufous-bellied triller Birds of North Maluku rufous-bellied triller Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Campephagidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-winged Triller
The white-winged triller (''Lalage tricolor'') is one of the smaller members of the cuckooshrike family, Campephagidae. It is found throughout mainland Australia and possibly on the islands to the north, including New Guinea and eastern Indonesia. It is resident or nomadic over the warmer part of its range (inland Australia and points north), and a summer breeding migrant to the cooler southern parts of Australia. White-winged trillers are fairly common in woodland, and open scrub through most of their range, and close to riverbeds in the central arid zone. The conspicuous male bird—black above and white below in breeding plumage—trills cheerfully through much of the day during the breeding season (mid-spring to early summer), frequently rising on fluttering wings in song flight. The female is similarly patterned but in dull fawns and white. In the non-breeding season, male birds appear similar to the female, retaining blackish feathers only on the wings and tail. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-shouldered Triller
The white-shouldered triller (''Lalage sueurii'') is a passerine bird belonging to the triller genus ''Lalage'' in the cuckoo-shrike family Campephagidae. It is found in Indonesia and East Timor. The white-winged triller (''L. tricolor'') of Australia and New Guinea was formerly included in this species but is now treated as a separate species. It is a fairly small bird, 17 centimetres in length. The bill is grey with a black tip and the legs and feet are black. The male is mainly black above and white below. It has a grey rump, white stripe over the eye, white wing-patches and white on the outer tail-feathers. Females have a similar pattern to the males but are brown instead of black above and have fine black barring on the underparts. The pied triller is similar but is slightly smaller with a broader stripe above the eye and more white in the wing. The male white-winged triller has no white stripe over the eye. The song of the white-shouldered triller is a metallic whistling w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White-rumped Triller
The white-rumped triller (''Lalage leucopygialis'') is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to Sulawesi in Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical mangrove forest Mangrove forests, also called mangrove swamps, mangrove thickets or mangals, are productive wetlands that occur in coastal intertidal zones. Mangrove forests grow mainly at tropical and subtropical latitudes because mangrove trees cannot withsta .... References white-rumped triller Endemic birds of Sulawesi white-rumped triller Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Campephagidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-and-white Triller
The black-and-white triller (''Lalage melanoleuca'') is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests. Description EBird describes the bird as "A medium-sized bird of lowland and foothill forest canopy. Has a black tail with white corners, black wings with a large white patch, and a white rump. Male has a black crown and back and entirely white underparts. Females have a gray crown and back. Similar to Pied Triller, but lacks the white brow and is found in forest rather than open habitats. Song consists of a 1- to 3-syllabled whistled phrase repeated 5-20 times in a row." They are sexually dimorphic in which males have the eponymous black bib and overall darker plumage with the females lighter and having "bibs" of either gray or white depending on the subspecies. Subspecies Two subspecies are recognized: * ''L. m. melanoleucal —'' Known as the Northern black-and-white triller'';'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molecular Phylogenetic
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved. The result of a molecular phylogenetic analysis is expressed in a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetics is one aspect of molecular systematics, a broader term that also includes the use of molecular data in taxonomy and biogeography. Molecular phylogenetics and molecular evolution correlate. Molecular evolution is the process of selective changes (mutations) at a molecular level (genes, proteins, etc.) throughout various branches in the tree of life (evolution). Molecular phylogenetics makes inferences of the evolutionary relationships that arise due to molecular evolution and results in the construction of a phylogenetic tree. History The theoretical fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coracina
''Coracina'' is a large genus of birds in the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae. The genus was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1816. The type species was subsequently designated as the white-bellied cuckooshrike by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis in 1850–1851. The name ''Coracina'' is from the Ancient Greek meaning "little raven", a diminutive of ''korax'' meaning "raven". The genus formerly included many more species. It was split based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2010. A major clade was moved to the resurrected genus '' Edolisoma'' and a smaller group of Asian and Indian Ocean species moved to the genus '' Lalage''. The genus contains the following 28 species: * Stout-billed cuckooshrike, ''Coracina caeruleogrisea'' * Hooded cuckooshrike, ''Coracina longicauda'' * Cerulean cuckooshrike, ''Coracina temminckii'' * Pied cuckooshrike, ''Coracina bicolor'' * Ground cuckooshrike, ''Coracina maxima'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hesychius Of Alexandria
Hesychius of Alexandria () was a Greek grammarian who, probably in the 5th or 6th century AD, compiled the richest lexicon of unusual and obscure Greek words that has survived, probably by absorbing the works of earlier lexicographers. The work, titled "Alphabetical Collection of All Words" (, ''Synagōgē Pasōn Lexeōn kata Stoicheion''), includes more than 50,000 entries, a copious list of peculiar words, forms and phrases, with an explanation of their meaning, and often with a reference to the author who used them or to the district of Greece where they were current. Hence, the book is of great value to the student of the Ancient Greek dialects and in the restoration of the text of the classical authors generallyparticularly of such writers as Aeschylus and Theocritus, who used many unusual words. Hesychius is important, not only for Greek philology, but also for studying lost languages and obscure dialects of the Balkans in antiquity (such as Albanoid and Thracian) and i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
