|
Gerromorpha Genera
The Gerromorpha comprise an infraorder of insects in the "true bug" order Hemiptera. These "typical" bugs (suborder Heteroptera) are commonly called semiaquatic bugs or shore-inhabiting bugs. The Ochteroidea (infraorder Nepomorpha are also found in shore habitat, while the Gerromorpha are actually most often encountered running around on the water surface, being kept from sinking by surface tension and their water-repellent legs. Well-known members of the Gerromorpha are the namesake Gerridae (water striders). Systematics The eight family families usually recognized are arranged in four superfamilies. The two small or monotypic ones of these are basal lineages; the two larger ones form a more advanced clade. The phylogenetic sequence of superfamilies and families of the Gerromorpha is:ToL (1995) ; Mesovelioidea – water treaders * Madeoveliidae (sometimes included in Mesoveliidae) * Mesoveliidae Hebroidea * Hebridae – velvet bugs * Macroveliidae Hydrometroidea * Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hygrotechuis Conformis
''Hygrotechuis conformis'', is a species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ... of aquatic bug. References Gerridae {{gerromorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrophobic
In chemistry, hydrophobicity is the chemical property of a molecule (called a hydrophobe) that is seemingly repelled from a mass of water. In contrast, hydrophiles are attracted to water. Hydrophobic molecules tend to be nonpolar and, thus, prefer other neutral molecules and nonpolar solvents. Because water molecules are polar, hydrophobes do not dissolve well among them. Hydrophobic molecules in water often cluster together, forming micelles. Water on hydrophobic surfaces will exhibit a high contact angle. Examples of hydrophobic molecules include the alkanes, oils, fats, and greasy substances in general. Hydrophobic materials are used for oil removal from water, the management of oil spills, and chemical separation processes to remove non-polar substances from polar compounds. The term ''hydrophobic''—which comes from the Ancient Greek (), "having a fear of water", constructed Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). ''A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerroidea
Gerroidea is a superfamily of semiaquatic bugs in the order Hemiptera. There are at least 3 families and more than 2,000 described species in Gerroidea. Families These three families belong to the superfamily Gerroidea: * Gerridae Leach, 1815 (water striders) * Hermatobatidae Coutière & Martin, 1901 * Veliidae Veliidae is a family (biology), family of gregarious predatory insects in the suborder Heteroptera. They are commonly known as riffle bugs, small water striders, or broad-shouldered water striders because the segment immediately behind the head ... Amyot & Serville, 1843 (smaller water striders or riffle bugs) References Further reading * * * External links * Gerromorpha Hemiptera superfamilies {{heteroptera-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrometridae
Hydrometridae is a family of aquatic insect, semiaquatic insects, known as ''marsh treaders'' or ''water measurers''. They have a characteristic elongated head and body which makes them resemble a yardstick for measuring the water surface. Appearance Hydrometrid bugs are of a greyish or pale brown colour, and relatively large amongst Gerromorpha at around 8 mm, although some can exceed 15 mm. Their body and arthropod leg, legs are long and slender, to the point where they resemble tiny phasmatodeans. The family is mostly wingless, but insect wing, winged forms do occur. The head is long as well, usually more so than the body. Their eyes are located a little behind the middle of the head and tend to bulge. Their antenna (biology), antennae, positioned at the end of its head are four-segmented and their tarsi three-segmented . Habitat and ecology Marsh treaders are fairly common and have been found throughout the world. The greatest diversity, however, is found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphrynoveliidae
''Paraphrynovelia'' is a genus of bugs with just two species in southern Africa. Together they are considered by some to form the family Paraphrynoveliidae, although some suggest that they should be treated as members of the Macroveliidae. Unlike other Gerromorpha The Gerromorpha comprise an infraorder of insects in the "true bug" order (biology), order Hemiptera. These "typical" bugs (suborder Heteroptera) are commonly called semiaquatic bugs or shore-inhabiting bugs. The Ochteroidea (infraorder Nepomorph ... that are found on the surface of water, ''Paraphrynovelia brincki'' specimens were found on wet walls covered in moss or in leaf litter on the forest floor. The family status was suggested in 1978. The species in the genus are ''Paraphrynovelia brincki'' and ''P. slateri'' . Both have been described on the basis of apterous adults. A molecular study making use of ''P. brincki'' suggests that they are a sister group of the Macroveliidae. References {{Taxonbar, from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macroveliidae
Macroveliidae is a family of macroveliid shore bugs in the order Hemiptera Hemiptera (; ) is an order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising more than 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from .... There are at least four genera in Macroveliidae. Genera These four genera belong to the family Macroveliidae: * '' Chepuvelia'' China, 1963 * '' Macrovelia'' Uhler, 1872 * '' Oravelia'' Drake & Chapman, 1963 * † '' Daniavelia'' Andersen, 1998 References Further reading * * Hydrometroidea Heteroptera families Articles created by Qbugbot {{Gerromorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebridae
Velvet water bugs are members of the family Hebridae. They are semiaquatic insects that live among moss or ponds with an abundance of vegetation, in which they prey on small arthropods. Velvet water bugs are the smallest of the Gerromorpha, and have an appearance of tiny veliids. Hebrids sometimes move across water surfaces, but walk or run rather than skate or scull on the surface. Description Hebrids are small, ranging from lengths of 1.3 to 3.7 mm. They have a characteristic layer of short, dense hairs that cover their entire bodies, except on their abdomens and appendages, from which they derive the common name "velvet water bug". They have tarsi in two segments, with their hing legs shorter than their bodies. Unlike the Veliidae and Mesoveliidae, they are known only as winged forms. These wings, however, may be well-developed to short or lacking. The wing's membrane, when it is present at all, lacks any distinct veins that are common of shore bugs Saldidae. They are ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesoveliidae
Mesoveliidae is a family of water treaders in the order Hemiptera. There are about 16 genera and at least 50 described species in Mesoveliidae. Genera These 12 extant genera belong to the family Mesoveliidae. * '' Austrovelia'' Malipatil and Monteith, 1983 * '' Cavaticovelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Cryptovelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Darwinivelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Madeovelia'' Poisson, 1959 * '' Mesovelia'' Mulsant & Rey, 1852 * '' Mesoveloidea'' Hungerford, 1929 * '' Mniovelia'' Andersen and J. Polhemus, 1980 * '' Nereivelia'' J. Polhemus and D. Polhemus, 1989 * '' Phrynovelia'' Horváth, 1915 * '' Seychellovelia'' Andersen and D. Polhemus, 2003 * '' Speovelia'' Esaki, 1929 While traditionally divided in two subfamilies, Madeoveliinae (including ''Madeovelia'' and ''Mesoveloidea'') and Mesoveliinae (all other genera), molecular phylogenetics suggests Mesoveliinae are polyphyletic and thus the subfamily-level classification sho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madeoveliidae
Water treaders, the superfamily Mesovelioidea, are insects in the order Hemiptera, the true bugs. They are semiaquatic insects that live in moist and wet habitat and on wet plant matter in several types of aquatic habitat.Yang, C. M. and D. H. Murphy. (2011)Guide to the aquatic Heteroptera of Singapore and peninsular Malaysia. 6. Mesoveliidae, with description of a new ''Nereivelia'' species from Singapore.''Raffles Bulletin of Zoology'' 59, 53-60. These insects are no more than 3.5 mm long. They have elongated heads, long antennae, and large eyes, with the exception of ''Cryptovelia'' species, which have vestigial eyes. Females are larger than the males of their species and have well-developed ovipositors. The type genus, '' Mesovelia'', contains about 27 species, many of which are common and widespread.Andersen, N. M. and D. A. Polhemus. (2003)A new genus of terrestrial Mesovellidae from the Seychelles (Hemiptera: Gerromorpha).''Journal of the New York Entomological Soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach to taxonomy adopted by most biological fields. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or Extant taxon, extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed ''monophyletic'' (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming Taxon, taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not Monophyly, monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms that the molecul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (evolution)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a ' key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given case predicable, so ancestral characters should not be imputed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
