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Galium
''Galium'' is a large genus of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Rubiaceae, occurring in the temperate zones of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Some species are informally known as bedstraw. Over 600 species of ''Galium'' are described, with estimates of 629 to 650 as of 2013. The field madder, '' Sherardia arvensis'', is a close relative and may be confused with a tiny bedstraw. ''Asperula ''Asperula'', commonly known as woodruff, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It contains 91 species and has a wide distribution area from Europe, northern Africa, temperate and subtropical Asia to Australasia Australasi ...'' is also a closely related genus; some species of ''Galium'' (such as woodruff, '' G. odoratum'') are occasionally placed therein. Genetic variability The phenotypic plasticity and genetic variability of this species allows it to be constantly shifting to best fit its environment, adjusting lifecycles, seed ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Galium Species
The genus ''Galium'' (Rubiaceae) contains around 650 species, making it one of the largest genera of flowering plants. A *'' Galium abaujense'' Borbás *'' Galium abruptorum'' Pomel *'' Galium absurdum'' Krendl *'' Galium achurense'' Grossh. *'' Galium acrophyum'' Hochst. ''ex'' Chiov. *'' Galium acuminatum'' Ball *'' Galium acutum'' Edgew. *'' Galium adhaerens'' Boiss. & Balansa ''in'' P.E.Boissier *'' Galium advenum'' Krendl *'' Galium aegeum'' (Stoj. & Kitam.) Ancev *'' Galium aetnicum'' Biv. *'' Galium afropusillum'' Ehrend. *'' Galium agrophilum'' Krendl *'' Galium aladaghense'' Parolly *'' Galium × alberti'' Rouy ''in'' G.Rouy & J.Foucaud *'' Galium albescens'' Hook.f. *''Galium album'' Mill. *'' Galium amatymbicum'' Eckl. & Zeyh. *'' Galium amblyophyllum'' Schrenk ''in'' F.E.L.von Fischer & C.A.von Meyer *'' Galium amorginum'' Halácsy *'' Galium andrewsii'' A.Gray *'' Galium andringitrense'' Homolle ''ex'' Puff *'' Galium anfractum'' Sommier & Levier *'' Galium anguine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galium Aparine
''Galium aparine'', with common names including cleavers, clivers, catchweed, robin-run-the-hedge, goosegrass, and sticky willy, is an annual, herbaceous plant of the family Rubiaceae. Names ''Galium aparine'' is known by a variety of common names in English. They include sweetheart, hitchhikers, cleavers,'' ''clivers, bedstraw, (small) goosegrass,'' ''catchweed,'' ''stickyweed, sticky bob,'' ''stickybud'', ''stickyback'', ''sticky molly, robin-run-the-hedge, sticky willy,'' ''sticky willow, stickyjack, stickeljack, grip grass, sticky grass, bobby buttons, whippysticks, and velcro plant''.'' ''Galium'' is Dioscorides' name for the plant. It is derived from the Greek word for milk, because the flowers of '' Galium verum'' were used to curdle milk in cheese making.Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. (hardback), (paperback). pp 52, 174 ''Aparine'' is a name used by Theophrastus. It means 'clinging' or 'seizing', and is derived from the Gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galium Mollugo
''Galium mollugo'', common name hedge bedstraw or false baby's breath, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Rubiaceae. It shares the name hedge bedstraw with the related European species, ''Galium album''. Description ''Galium mollugo'' can reach a height of . The stems are square in cross-section, more or less erect, with ascending branches. Starting from the axils of leaves, it has inflorescences of small, white flowers with a diameter around 1.0 to 1.5 cm, with four petals. Its flowering period extends from May to September in the Northern Hemisphere. Habitat ''Galium mollugo'' commonly occurs in hedges, bushes, paths, meadows, and slopes, at elevations up to above sea level. Distribution ''Galium mollugo'' is widely distributed in Europe and North Africa from Denmark to Portugal and Morocco, east to the Altay region of Siberia, and to the Caucasus. It is naturalized in the Russian Far East, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Greenland, Argentina, Uruguay, and much ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galium
''Galium'' is a large genus of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Rubiaceae, occurring in the temperate zones of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Some species are informally known as bedstraw. Over 600 species of ''Galium'' are described, with estimates of 629 to 650 as of 2013. The field madder, '' Sherardia arvensis'', is a close relative and may be confused with a tiny bedstraw. ''Asperula ''Asperula'', commonly known as woodruff, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It contains 91 species and has a wide distribution area from Europe, northern Africa, temperate and subtropical Asia to Australasia Australasi ...'' is also a closely related genus; some species of ''Galium'' (such as woodruff, '' G. odoratum'') are occasionally placed therein. Genetic variability The phenotypic plasticity and genetic variability of this species allows it to be constantly shifting to best fit its environment, adjusting lifecycles, seed ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galium Odoratum
''Galium odoratum'', the sweet woodruff or sweetscented bedstraw, is a flowering perennial plant in the family Rubiaceae, native to much of Europe. It is widely cultivated for its flowers and its sweet-smelling foliage. Description A herbaceous plant, it grows to long, often lying flat on the ground or supported by other plants. The leaves are simple, lanceolate, glabrous, long, and borne in whorls of six to nine. The small (4–7 mm diameter) flowers are produced in cymes, each white with four petals joined together at the base. The fruits are 2–4 mm in diameter, produced singly, and each is covered in tiny, hooked bristles, which help disperse them by sticking temporarily to clothing and animal fur. It owes its sweet smell to the presence of the compound coumarin. Distribution and habitat The plant is native to much of Europe from Spain and Ireland to Russia, as well as Western Siberia, Turkey, Iran, the Caucasus, China, and Japan. It is also sparingly na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubiaceae Genera
Full list of the genera in the family Rubiaceae. If the generic name is for an accepted genus, it will appear in ''bold italics'' followed by the author(s). If the name is a synonym, it will appear in ''italics'' followed by an equals sign (=) and the accepted name to which it is referred. Detailed, up to date information can be found oPlants of the World Online A *''Abbottia'' F.Muell. = '' Timonius'' Rumph. ex DC. *''Abramsia'' Gillespie = '' Airosperma'' K.Schum. & Lauterb. *'' Achilleanthus'' *''Acmostima'' Raf. = '' Pavetta'' L. *'' Acranthera'' Arn. ex Meisn. *'' Acrobotrys'' K.Schum. & K.Krause *''Acrodryon'' Spreng. = ''Cephalanthus'' L. *''Acrostoma'' Didr. = '' Remijia'' DC. *'' Acrosynanthus'' Urb. *'' Acunaeanthus'' Borhidi, Jarai-Koml. & Moncada *'' Adenorandia'' Vermoesen *''Adenosacme'' Wall. ex Endl. = '' Mycetia'' Reinw. *''Adenothola'' Lem. = '' Manettia'' Mutis ex L. *''Adina'' Salisb. *''Adinauclea'' Ridsdale = ''Adina'' Salisb. *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae () is a family (biology), family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with Petiole (botany), interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 14,100 species in about 580 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include ''Coffea'', the source of coffee; ''Cinchona'', the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine; ornamental cultivars (''e.g.'', ''Gardenia'', ''Ixora'', ''Pentas''); and historically some dye plants (''e.g.'', ''Rubia''). Description The Rubiaceae are morphologically easily recognizable as a coherent group by a combination of characters: opposite or whorled leaves that are simple and entire, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sherardia Arvensis
''Sherardia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, ''Sherardia arvensis'', the (blue) field madder, which is widespread across most of Europe and northern Africa as well as southwest and central Asia (from Turkey to Saudi Arabia to Kazakhstan) and Macaronesia (Canary Islands, Azores, Madeira, Savage Islands). It is also reportedly naturalized in Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan, Kerguelen, Ethiopia, Sudan, southern Africa, Mexico, Costa Rica, South America, Bermuda, Cuba, Haiti and much of Canada and the United States (especially the Pacific States and the lower Mississippi Valley). Description ''Sherardia arvensis'' is an annual plant with trailing and upright stems growing up to 40 cm long, having a square cross-section. The rough pointed bristly leaves of about 1 cm in length are in whorls of four to six (normally six at the ends of the shoots, but four nearer the root). The tiny pale lilac or pink f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallium
Gallium is a chemical element; it has Chemical symbol, symbol Ga and atomic number 31. Discovered by the French chemist Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875, elemental gallium is a soft, silvery metal at standard temperature and pressure. In its liquid state, it becomes silvery white. If enough force is applied, solid gallium may fracture conchoidal fracture, conchoidally. Since its discovery in 1875, gallium has widely been used to make alloys with low melting points. It is also used in semiconductors, as a dopant in semiconductor substrates. The melting point of gallium, , is used as a temperature reference point. Gallium alloys are used in thermometers as a non-toxic and environmentally friendly alternative to Mercury (element), mercury, and can withstand higher temperatures than mercury. A melting point of , well below the freezing point of water, is claimed for the alloy galinstan (62–95% gallium, 5–22% indium, and 0–16% tin by weight), but that may be t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was the son of a curate and was born in Råshult, in the countryside of Småland, southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annual Plant
An annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seeds, within one growing season, and then dies. Globally, 6% of all plant species and 15% of herbaceous plants (excluding trees and shrubs) are annuals. The annual life cycle has independently emerged in over 120 different plant families throughout the entire angiosperm phylogeny. The evolutionary and ecological drivers of the annual life cycle Traditionally, there has been a prevailing assumption that annuals have evolved from perennial ancestors. However, recent research challenges this notion, revealing instances where perennials have evolved from annual ancestors. Intriguingly, models propose that transition rates from an annual to a perennial life cycle are twice as fast as the reverse transition. The life-history theory posits that annual plants are favored when adult mortality is higher than seedling (or seed) mortality, i.e., annuals will dominate environments with dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
