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Eritrea
Eritrea, officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa, with its capital and largest city being Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia in the Eritrea–Ethiopia border, south, Sudan in the west, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeastern and eastern parts of Eritrea have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea. The nation has a total area of approximately , and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands. Hominid remains found in Eritrea have been dated to 1 million years old and anthropological research indicates that the area may contain significant records related to the evolution of humans. The Kingdom of Aksum, covering much of modern-day Eritrea and Tigray Region, northern Ethiopia, was established during the first or second century AD.Henze, Paul B. (2005) ''Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia'', . It adopted Eritrean Orthodox Church, Christianity around the middle of the fourth century. Beginning in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaias Afwerki
Isaias Afwerki (, ; born 2 February 1946) is an Eritrean politician and leader who has been the List of heads of state of Eritrea, president of Eritrea since 1993 and the chairman of the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ) since 1994. Isaias joined the pro-independence Eritrean Liberation Front in 1966 and quickly rose through the ranks to become its leader in 1970, before defecting to form the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF). Having consolidated power within this group, he led pro-independence forces to victory on 24 May 1991, ending the 30-year-old Eritrean War of Independence, war for independence from Ethiopia, before being elected president of the newly-founded country of Eritrea two years later. Western scholars and historians have long considered Isaias to be a dictator, with Eritrea's Constitution of Eritrea, constitution remaining unenforced, electoral institutions effectively being nonexistent as well as a policy of Conscription in Eritrea, mass c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eritreans
Eritreans are the native inhabitants of Eritrea, as well as the global Eritrean diaspora, diaspora of Eritrea. Eritreans constitute #Component ethnicities, several component ethnic groups, some of which are related to ethnic groups that make up the Ethiopians, Ethiopian people in neighboring Ethiopia and people groups in other parts of the Horn of Africa. Nine of these component ethnic groups are officially recognized by the Government of Eritrea. The Eritrean national identity began to develop during the Scramble for Africa, when Italy claimed Eritrea as one of its colonies. This marked the establishment of Eritrea's present-day borders. Following Italy's defeat in World War II and the subsequent United Kingdom, British administration of Eritrea, the former colony was Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea, federated with Ethiopia in 1952. Tensions increased through the 1950s between Eritreans wishing for independence and the Ethiopian government, culminating in the Eritrean War of I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asmara
Asmara ( ), or Asmera (), is the capital and most populous city of Eritrea, in the country's Central Region (Eritrea), Central Region. It sits at an elevation of , making it the List of capital cities by altitude, sixth highest capital in the world by altitude and the second highest capital in Africa. The city is located at the tip of an escarpment that is both the northwestern edge of the Eritrean Highlands and the Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia, Great Rift Valley in neighbouring Ethiopia. In 2017, the city was declared as a World Heritage Site, UNESCO World Heritage Site for its well-preserved modernist architecture. According to local traditions, the city was founded after four separate villages unified to live together peacefully after long periods of conflict. Asmara had long been overshadowed by nearby Debarwa, the residence of the ''Ethiopian aristocratic and court titles#Important regional offices, Bahr Negash'' or the governor of the coastal province, however it still existe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Heads Of State Of Eritrea
Since the establishment of the office of president in 1993, the head of state of Eritrea has been Isaias Afwerki. The president is also the head of government of Eritrea, as well as commander-in-chief of the Eritrean Defence Forces. As of 2021, there are no term limits for the president in the Constitution of Eritrea. The list also includes the secretary-general of the Provisional Government of Eritrea, who acted as head of state between 1991 and 1993, before the proclamation of independence. List of Provincial, Colonial and Federal Heads of Eritrea (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office.) List of rulers List of Ottoman governors of Egypt (1517–1805) * List of Ottoman governors of Egypt List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty (1805–1914) List of Grand Viziers of Egypt (1857–1878) * Zulfiqar Pasha (1857–1858) (1st term) * Mustafa Naili (1858–1861) * Zulfiqar Pasha (1861–1864) (2nd term) * Raghib Pasha (1864–1866) ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eritrea, Eritrea, Eritrea
"Eritrea, Eritrea, Eritrea" () is the national anthem of Eritrea. Adopted in 1993 shortly after independence, it was written by Solomon Tsehaye Beraki and composed by Isaac Abraham Meharezghi and Aron Tekle Tesfatsion. History The lyrics of the anthem were written by poet Solomon Tsehaye Beraki. Originally written in 1986, Solomon updated them in 1993 after Eritrea's independence. The music was composed in 1985–1986 by organist Isaac Abraham Meharezghi (also spelt Isaq), who was a member of the Eritrean People's Liberation Front The Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), colloquially known as Shabia, was an armed Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist organization that fought for the Eritrean War of Independence, independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia. It emerged in 1 ... cultural troupe. Lyrics Current lyrics (1993–present) Original lyrics (1986–1993) Notes References External linksEritrea: ''Ertra, Ertra, Ertra'' - Audio of the national anthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashaida People
The Rashaida (), also known as Bani Rasheed, are a Bedouin ethnic group inhabiting the coastal plain of the Red Sea stretching from the Sudanese city of Port Sudan to the Eritrean city of Massawa. They are the descendants of Arabs, Arab tribes people from Hejaz, and Najd descending from the Banu Abs tribe, who fled the Arabian peninsula in 1846 as the Saudis rose to power. They are mostly nomadic and constitute 187,500 people in Eritrea and 68,000 people in Sudan, mainly in the eastern part around Kassala. Across Eritrea and Sudan, the Rashaida keep their traditional dress, culture, customs, camel breeds and practice of Sunni Islam. In Eritrea, Rashaida people are commonly confused with Adeni Arabs, a small group of about 18,000 Arabs from Aden, who tend to cohabit similar regions as the Rashaida. Although Adeni Arabs originally hail from Yemen and tend to live in a more geographically concentrated area of Eritrea, mainly in the port city of Massawa, Rashaida people tend to live al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saho People
The Saho are a Cushitic peoples, Cushitic ethnic group who are one of the 9 official ethnic groups Eritrea. They speak Saho as a mother tongue. History The Saho were originally a northern extension of the Afar people, Afar who moved along the Gulf of Zula and settled into the eastern foothills of Akele Guzai sometime between the 9th and 12th centuries. The first mention of the Sahos comes from the ''Royal Chronicle'' of Emperor Susenyos I, which notes a "country of the Sahos" existing on the "confines of the Ethiopian kingdom". During the 19th century, the Sahos were described as being cattle herders who controlled all the caravan routes from Tigray province, Tigray to the ports of Massawa and Arkiko, Hirgogo. They did not tolerate being treated unfairly by the Naib of Massawa or the Egyptian appointed governor and regularly refused to pay tribute to the authorities at Massawa. In 1848, the British explorer Walter Plowden described the Sahos as being "the most expert of fleecers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kunama People
The Kunama are an ethnic group native to Eritrea. They are one of the smallest ethnic communities in Eritrea, constituting only 4% of the population. Most of the estimated 260,000 Kunama live in the remote and isolated area between the Gash and Setit rivers near the border with Ethiopia. The Kunama people have ancient ancestry in the land of Eritrea. In the 2007 Ethiopian census, however, the number of Kunama in Tigray dropped to 2,976, as the remaining 2,000 or so members of this ethnic group had migrated into the other regions of Ethiopia. History The earliest written mention of the Kunama comes from Ya'qubi, writing around 872 AD. His account is based on travelers' reports. He noted the 'Cunama' tribe living on the eastern borders of Alodia. They were later mentioned by the 10th century Arab geographer Ibn Hawqal. He states they lived in the Barka valley, and fought with bows, poisoned arrows and spears, but did not use shields. He also mentions that the Kunama worship a go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nara People
The Nara are an ethnic group inhabiting southwestern Eritrea. The society is divided into four subtribes, who are traditionally animist. They are mostly subsistence farmers. The Nara ethnonym means "Sky Heaven". They also used to call themselves the ''Barya''. The Nara number around 108,000 individuals. They constitute around 1.5% of the population of Eritrea. They are typically agrarian and have settled primarily along the border with Sudan. They are located north of the Kunama, in the western parts of Barka Plains, the Nara constitute about 1.5% of the Eritrean population. History According to the Eritrean government, the Nara are descendants of the first Nilo-Saharan settlers in Eritrea, who had migrated from the Upper Nile area and intermarried with local Pygmy populations. The Naras were historically referred to as the ''Baryas'', centuries of slave raiding against them would result in the word becoming synonymous for slave in the Amharic and Tigrinya languages. This term is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tigrinya Language
Tigrinya, sometimes romanized as Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic languages, Ethio-Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic languages, Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is primarily spoken by the Tigrinya people, Tigrinya and Tigrayans, Tigrayan peoples native to Eritrea and the Ethiopian state of the Tigray Region, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions. History and literature Although it differs markedly from the Geʽez (Classical Ethiopic) language, for instance in having phrasal verbs, and in using a word order that places the main verb last instead of first in the sentence, there is a strong influence of Geʽez on Tigrinya literature, especially with terms relating to Christian life, Biblical names, and so on. Ge'ez, because of its status in Eritrean and Ethiopian culture, and possibly also its simple structure, acted as a literary medium until relatively recent times. The earliest written example of Tigriny ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilen People
The Bilen (also variously transcribed as Blin, and also formerly known as the Bogos or Northern Agaw) are a Cushitic ethnic group in Eritrea. They are primarily concentrated in central Eritrea, in and around the city of Keren and further south toward Asmara, the nation's capital. They are split into two sub-tribes; Bet Tarqe and Bet Tawqe which are split into further clans known as Hissat. The Tawke has six whereas the Tarke has five which each are divided into smaller kinship groups. SF Nadel. (194Races and tribes of Eritrea/ref> History According to local oral tradition, the Bilen migrated to the Eritrean plateau from Lasta around the 9th or 10th century led by Gebre Tarqe. A second wave of migration may have occurred according to historians during the fall of the Zagwe dynasty in 1270. In the 14th century, other groups with different origins were also integrated into the Bilen, such as the Bet Tawqe from Hamasien. The Bilen are first mention in the 14th century text, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
