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Erithacus
''Erithacus'' (; (erithacos)) is a genus of passerine bird that contains a single extant species, the European robin (''Erithacus rubecula''). The Japanese robin and Ryukyu robin were also placed in this genus (as ''Erithacus akahige'' and ''E. komadori''), but were moved to the genus ''Larvivora ''Larvivora'' is a genus of small passerine birds belonging to the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae that occur in central and eastern Asia. The species in this genus were all previously classified in other genera. A large molecular phylo ...'' in 2006. Fossil species *†'' Erithacus horusitskyi'' Kessler & Hir, 2012 (Miocene of Hungary) *†'' Erithacus minor'' Kessler, 2013 (Pliocene of Hungary) References Bird genera Bird genera with one living species Muscicapidae {{Muscicapidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Robin
The European robin (''Erithacus rubecula''), known simply as the robin or robin redbreast in the British Isles, is a small insectivorous passerine bird that belongs to the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is found across Europe, east to Western Siberia and south to North Africa; it is Sedentism, sedentary in the west and south of its range, and bird migration, migratory in the north and east of its range where winters are harsher. It is in length; the male and female are identical in plumage, with an orange-toned red breast and face lined with grey, brown upper-parts and a whitish belly. Juveniles are distinct, freckled brown all over and without the red breast; first-winter immatures are like the adults, except for more obvious yellow-brown tips to the wing covert feathers (inconspicuous or absent in adults). Etymology The distinctive orange breast of both sexes contributed to the European robin's original name of "redbreast", ''orange'' as a colour name being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erithacus Horusitskyi
''Erithacus'' (; (erithacos)) is a genus of passerine bird that contains a single extant species, the European robin (''Erithacus rubecula''). The Japanese robin and Ryukyu robin were also placed in this genus (as ''Erithacus akahige'' and ''E. komadori''), but were moved to the genus ''Larvivora ''Larvivora'' is a genus of small passerine birds belonging to the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae that occur in central and eastern Asia. The species in this genus were all previously classified in other genera. A large molecular phylo ...'' in 2006. Fossil species *†'' Erithacus horusitskyi'' Kessler & Hir, 2012 (Miocene of Hungary) *†'' Erithacus minor'' Kessler, 2013 (Pliocene of Hungary) References Bird genera Bird genera with one living species Muscicapidae {{Muscicapidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Robin
The Japanese robin (''Larvivora akahige'') is a small passerine bird in the family Muscicapidae. This species was formerly named ''Erithacus akahige'', or ''Komadori''. Its range extends from the south of the Kuril and Sakhalin Islands throughout Japan. The name "Japanese robin" is also sometimes used for the red-billed leiothrix (''Leiothrix lutea''). The specific name ''akahige'' is, somewhat confusingly, the common name of its relative '' Larvivora komadori'' in Japanese. The Japanese robin, together with the Ryukyu robin and the European robin, was previously placed in the genus '' Erithacus'' . A 2006 molecular phylogenetic study found that the two east Asian species were more similar to the Siberian blue robin, at the time in '' Luscinia'', than to the European robin. In 2010 a large study confirmed this result and also found that ''Luscinia'' was non-monophyletic. The genus ''Larvivora'' was therefore resurrected to accommodate a clade containing the Japanese robin, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryukyu Robin
The Ryukyu robin (''Larvivora komadori'') is a bird endemic to the Ryūkyū Islands, of Japan. The Okinawa robin (''Larvivora namiyei'') previously was considered a subspecies. The specific name ''komadori'' is, somewhat confusingly, the common name of its relative the Japanese robin in Japanese. The Ryukyu robin, together with the Japanese robin and the European robin, was previously placed in the genus '' Erithacus'' . A 2006 molecular phylogenetic study found that the two east Asian species were more similar to the Siberian blue robin, at the time in '' Luscinia'', than to the European robin. In 2010, a large study confirmed this result and also found that ''Luscinia'' was non-monophyletic. The genus ''Larvivora'' was therefore resurrected to accommodate a clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erithacus Minor
{{Paleo-bird-stub ...
''Erithacus minor'' is an extinct species of ''Erithacus'' that inhabited Hungary during the Neogene period. Etymology The specific epithet "''minor''" is derived from its size, as it is smaller than other species in the genus. References Prehistoric birds Fossil taxa described in 2013 minor Minor may refer to: Common meanings * Minor (law), a person not under the age of certain legal activities. * Academic minor, a secondary field of study in undergraduate education Mathematics * Minor (graph theory), a relation of one graph to an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larvivora
''Larvivora'' is a genus of small passerine birds belonging to the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae that occur in central and eastern Asia. The species in this genus were all previously classified in other genera. A large molecular phylogenetic study published on 2010 found that the genera ''Luscinia'' and ''Erithacus'' as defined by Edward C. Dickinson in 2003 were not monophyletic. The genus ''Larvivora'' with the type species ''Larvivora cyane'' was reinstated to accommodate a well-defined clade. Although the rufous-headed robin was not included in the phylogenetic study, it was moved to the resurrected genus due to its structural, song and behavioural similarities with the Indian blue robin and the Siberian blue robin. The genus ''Larvivora'' had been introduced by the British naturalist Brian Houghton Hodgson in 1837. The word ''Larvivora'' comes from the Neo-Latin ''larva'' meaning caterpillar and ''-vorus'' meaning eating (''vorace'' to devour). The genus include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscicapidae
The Old World flycatchers are a large family, the Muscicapidae, of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia), with the exception of several vagrants and two species, bluethroat (''Luscinia svecica'') and northern wheatear (''Oenanthe oenanthe''), found also in North America. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing. The family is relatively large and includes 357 species, which are divided into 57 genera. Taxonomy The name Muscicapa for the family was introduced by the Scottish naturalist John Fleming in 1822. The word had earlier been used for the genus '' Muscicapa'' by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. Muscicapa comes from the Latin '' musca'' meaning a fly, and '' capere'' to catch. In 1910, the German ornithologist Ernst Hartert found it impossible to define boundaries between the three families Muscicapidae, Sylviidae (Old World warblers) and Tu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier (; ), was a French natural history, naturalist and zoology, zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the early 19th century and was instrumental in establishing the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils. Cuvier's work is considered the foundation of vertebrate paleontology, and he expanded Linnaean taxonomy by grouping classes into phylum, phyla and incorporating both fossils and living species into the classification. Cuvier is also known for establishing extinction as a fact—at the time, extinction was considered by many of Cuvier's contemporaries to be merely controversial speculation. In his ''Essay on the Theory of the Earth'' (1813) Cuvier proposed that now-extinct species had been wiped out by periodic catastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passerine
A passerine () is any bird of the order Passeriformes (; from Latin 'sparrow' and '-shaped') which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds, passerines generally have an anisodactyl arrangement of their toes (three pointing forward and one back), which facilitates perching. With more than 140 families and some 6,500 identified species, Passeriformes is the largest order of birds and one of the most diverse clades of terrestrial vertebrates, representing 60% of birds.Ericson, P.G.P. et al. (2003Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birds ''J. Avian Biol'', 34:3–15.Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015"A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World" ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'', 88:1–15. Passerines are divided into three suborders: New Zealand wrens; Suboscines, primarily found in North and South America; and songbirds. Passerines originated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight Bird skeleton, skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the common ostrich. There are over 11,000 living species and they are split into 44 Order (biology), orders. More than half are passerine or "perching" birds. Birds have Bird wing, wings whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the Flightless bird, loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemism, endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
