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Elections In France
France is a unitary state, unitary Semi-presidential system, semi-presidential republic with a bicameral legislature. Public officials in the legislative and executive branches are either elected by the citizens (directly elected, directly or representative democracy, indirectly) or appointed by elected officials. Referendums may also be called to consult the French citizenry directly on a particular question, especially one which concerns amendment to the Constitution of France, Constitution. France elects on its national level a head of state – the president of France, president – and a legislature. * The president is elected for a five-year term (previously, seven years), directly by the citizens. * The French Parliament, Parliament () has two bicameralism, chambers. ** The French National Assembly, National Assembly () has 577 members, elected for a five-year term in single seat-constituency, constituencies directly by the citizens. ** The French Senate, Senate () has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Département
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. There are a total of 101 departments, consisting of ninety-six departments in metropolitan France, and five overseas departments, which are also classified as overseas regions. Departments are further subdivided into 333 arrondissements and 2,054 cantons (as of 2023). These last two levels of government have no political autonomy, instead serving as the administrative basis for the local organisation of police, fire departments, and, in certain cases, elections. Each department is administered by an elected body called a departmental council ( , ). From 1800 to April 2015, these were called general councils ( , ). Each council has a president. Their main areas of responsibility include the management of a number of social and welfare allowances, of junior hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organic Law
An organic law is a law, or system of laws, that form the foundation of a government, corporation or any other organization's body of rules. A constitution is a particular form of organic law. By country France Under Article 46 of the Constitution of France, organic laws (in French, ''lois organiques''; in English sometimes translated as Institutional Acts) are a short, fixed list of statutes (in 2005, there were about 30 of them) specified in the Constitution. They overrule ordinary statutes. They must be properly enacted by the Parliament of France following a special procedure and must be approved for constitutionality by the Constitutional Council of France before they can be promulgated. Organic laws allow flexibility if needed. An important category of organic laws includes the budgets of the French state and French social security. Other organic laws give the practical procedures for various elections. Organic laws reduce the need for amendments to the constitution. Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2017 French Legislative Election
Legislative elections in France, Legislative elections were held in France on 11 and 18 June 2017 (with different dates for voters overseas) to elect the 577 Member of Parliament (France), members of the 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic, 15th National Assembly (France), National Assembly of the Fifth French Republic, Fifth Republic. They followed the two-round 2017 French presidential election, presidential election won by Emmanuel Macron. The centrist party he founded in 2016, La République En Marche! (LREM), led an alliance with the centrist Democratic Movement (France), Democratic Movement (MoDem); together, the two parties won 350 of the 577 seats—a substantial majority—in the National Assembly, including an outright majority of 308 seats for LREM. The Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party (PS) was reduced to 30 seats and The Republicans (France), the Republicans (LR) reduced to 112 seats, and both parties' allies also suffered from a marked drop in supp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
En Marche!
Renaissance (RE) is a List of political parties in France, political party in France that is typically described as liberalism, liberal and centrist or centre-right. The party was originally known as (EM) and later (, LREM, LaREM or REM), before adopting its current name in September 2022. RE is the leading force of the centrist Ensemble (political coalition), Ensemble coalition, coalesced around Emmanuel Macron's original presidential majority. The party was established on 6 April 2016 by Macron, a former Ministry of Economics and Finance (France), Minister of the Economy, Industry and Digital Affairs, who was later elected president in the 2017 French presidential election, 2017 presidential election with 66.1% of the second-round vote. Subsequently, the party ran candidates in the 2017 French legislative election, 2017 legislative election, including dissidents from the Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party (PS) and the The Republicans (France), Republicans (LR), as we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2017 French Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in France on 23 April and 7 May 2017. Incumbent president François Hollande of the Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party (PS) was eligible to run for a second term, but declared on 1 December 2016 that he would not seek reelection in light of low approval ratings, making him the first incumbent head of state of the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic not to seek reelection. As no candidate won a majority in the first round, a Two-round system, runoff was held between the top two candidates, Emmanuel Macron of La République En Marche!, En Marche! (EM) and Marine Le Pen of the National Rally (France), National Front (FN), which Macron won with a difference of more than 30% of the vote. François Fillon of The Republicans (France), The Republicans (LR)—after winning the party's 2016 The Republicans (France) presidential primary, first open primary—and Le Pen of the National Front led first-round Opinion polling for the 2017 French presid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Republicans (France)
The Republicans (, ; LR) is a liberal-conservative List of political parties in France, political party in France, largely inspired by the tradition of Gaullism. The party was formed in 2015 as the refoundation of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), which had been established in 2002 under the leadership of the then-president of France, Jacques Chirac. LR is a member of the Centrist Democrat International and the European People's Party, and sits in the European People's Party Group in the European Parliament. The UMP used to be one of the two major party, major political parties in the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, along with the centre-left Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party, before being eclipsed by the National Rally and Renaissance (French political party), Renaissance. The LR candidate in the 2017 French presidential election, 2017 presidential election, former Prime Minister François Fillon, placed third in the first round, with 20.0% of the vote. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Right-wing
Right-wing politics is the range of political ideologies that view certain social orders and hierarchies as inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this position based on natural law, economics, authority, property, religion, or tradition. Hierarchy and inequality may be seen as natural results of traditional social differences or competition in market economies. Right-wing politics are considered the counterpart to left-wing politics, and the left–right political spectrum is the most common political spectrum. The right includes social conservatives and fiscal conservatives, as well as right-libertarians. "Right" and "right-wing" have been variously used as compliments and pejoratives describing neoliberal, conservative, and fascist economic and social ideas. Positions The following positions are typically associated with right-wing politics. Anti-communism Early communists used the term "right-wing" in reference to conservatives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist Party (France)
The Socialist Party ( , PS) is a Centre-left politics, centre-left to Left-wing politics, left-wing List of political parties in France, political party in France. It holds Social democracy, social democratic and Pro-Europeanism, pro-European views. The PS was for decades the largest party of the "French Left" and used to be one of the two major political parties under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, along with the Rally for the Republic in the late 20th century, and with the Union for a Popular Movement in the early 2000s. It is currently led by First Secretary Olivier Faure. The PS is a member of the Party of European Socialists, Progressive Alliance and Socialist International. The PS was founded in 1969 from a merger of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), the Convention of Republican Institutions led by François Mitterrand, and other groups. In the 1970s, the PS surpassed the French Communist Party, Communist Party's share of the left-wing vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left-wing
Left-wing politics describes the range of Ideology#Political ideologies, political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy either as a whole or of certain social hierarchies. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished, through radical means that change the nature of the society they are implemented in. According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, supporters of left-wing politics "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated." Within the left–right political spectrum, ''Left'' and ''right-wing politics, Right'' were coined during the French Revolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labour Court (France)
In France, the Labour Courts or employment tribunals () resolve individual disputes arising out of an employment contract. The dispute is resolved by a judgment only if conciliation cannot be achieved by the court. Judges are not professionals; currently appointed, they were traditionally French Labour Court elections, elected by their peers, with an even number of judges. Half the members represent employers, and half represent employees. Labour courts were created at the beginning of the 19th century.{{Cite web , url=http://www.chambersandpartners.com/guide/practice-guides/location/241/6593/1418-200 , title=FRANCE - LAW & PRACTICE , access-date=2016-02-10 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026165510/http://www.chambersandpartners.com/guide/practice-guides/location/241/6593/1418-200 , archive-date=2016-10-26 , url-status=dead An employment tribunal is divided into five specialised divisions, for management, manufacturing, distributive trades and commercial services, ag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labour Law
Labour laws (also spelled as labor laws), labour code or employment laws are those that mediate the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions, and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer, and union. Individual labour law concerns employees' rights at work also through the contract for work. are social norms (in some cases also technical standards) for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work. Government agencies (such as the former US Employment Standards Administration) enforce labour law (legislature, regulatory, or judicial). History Following the unification of the List of cities of the ancient Near East, city-states in Assyria and Sumer by Sargon of Akkad into a Akkadian Empire, single empire ruled from his Akkad (city), home city circa 2334 BC, Ancient Mesopotamian units of measurement, common Mesopotamian standards for length, ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
