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Dothideales
Dothideales are an order (biology), order of bitunicate fungi consisting mainly of saprobic or plant parasitic species. Description Taxa in this order are characterized by the absence of a hamathecium (defined as hyphae or other tissues between ascus, asci) in a locule, and formation of ovoid to cylindrical fisstunicate asci (asci that have two wall layers that split at maturity in a Jack-in-the-box-like fashion), usually in bundles or cluster called fascicles. During development, the asci push through the stromatic tissue, creating the locules. Classification Until 2001, this order was thought to contain five families: ''Botryosphaeriaceae'', ''Coccoidiaceae'', ''Doditheaceae'', ''Dothioraceae'', and the ''Planistromellaceae''. Several molecular phylogenetic studies since that time have resulted in an organization restructuring of classification. In the December 31, 2007 revision of Ascomycota classification the Dothideales contains two families, the ''Dothidiaceae'' and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dothideaceae
The ''Dothideaceae'' are a family of fungi in the order Dothideales. Species in this family have a widespread distribution, especially in tropical areas. Genera As accepted by Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (Binomial nomenclature, scientific names) in the fungus Kingdom (biology), kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partn ...; *'' Bagnisiella'' - 31 spp. (placement uncertain) *'' Dictyodothis'' - 8 spp. *'' Dothidea'' - 28 spp. *'' Hyalocrea'' - 2 spp. (may not be in family ) *'' Omphalospora'' - 4 spp. *'' Pachysacca'' - 3 spp. *'' Phyllachorella'' - 2 spp. (placement uncertain) *'' Scirrhia'' - 23 spp. *'' Stylodothis'' - 3spp. *'' Vestergrenia'' - 24 spp. References Dothideales Dothideomycetes families Taxa named by François Fulgis Chevallier Taxa described in 1826 {{Dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dothioraceae
The Dothioraceae are a family of fungi in the order Dothideales. Species in this family have a widespread distribution, and are biotrophic or necrotrophic A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the traditi ..., usually associated with woody plants. Genera *'' Aureobasidium'' *'' Botryochora'' *'' Delphinella'' *'' Dothiora'' *'' Endodothiora'' *'' Hortaea'' *'' Jaffuela'' *'' Pleosphaerulina'' *'' Plowrightia'' *'' Saccothecium'' *'' Sydowia'' - 11 spp. *'' Yoshinagaia'' References Dothideales Ascomycota families Taxa named by Ferdinand Theissen Taxa named by Hans Sydow Taxa described in 1917 {{Dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planistromellaceae
The Planistromellaceae are a family of fungi, with in the order Botryosphaeriales. In 2007, they were formerly, placed in the Dothideales order of the Dothideomycetes Dothideomycetes is the largest and most diverse class of ascomycete fungi. It comprises 11 orders 90 families, 1,300 genera and over 19,000 known species. Wijayawardene et al. in 2020 added more orders to the class. Traditionally, most of it ... class. Genera As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020; *'' Kellermania'' (ca. 16 species) *'' Umthunziomyces'' (1) References External links Index Fungorum Botryosphaeriales Dothideomycetes families Taxa named by Margaret Elizabeth Barr-Bigelow {{dothideomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Lindau
Gustav Lindau (2 May 1866 in Dessau – 10 October 1923 in Berlin), was a German mycologist and botanist. Biography Gustav Lindau was born on 2 May 1866 in Dessau (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). He studied natural history in University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg and University of Berlin, Berlin, where he studied under Simon Schwendener (1829–1919). He completed his doctoral thesis on the apothecium, apothecia of lichens in 1888. In 1890, he became director at the botanical garden in Münster (Westfalen), Münster and an assistant to Julius Oscar Brefeld (1839–1925). In 1892, he became an assistant at the Berlin Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum, Berlin botanical garden. He obtained his habilitation in 1894, and became a professor in 1902. He has been credited for having introduced the term "" to refer to fungal tissue in an 1899 publication, which he proposed could be further adapted for specific tissue types by adding prefixes such as "" and "". Lindau died in Berlin on 10 O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota Orders
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of Ascomycota are asexual and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as '' Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (containing all of the descendants of a common ancestor). Previously placed in the Basidiomycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomycetes are now identified and classified based on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incertae Sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is indicated by (of uncertain family), (of uncertain suborder), (of uncertain order) and similar terms. Examples * The fossil plant ''Paradinandra, Paradinandra suecica'' could not be assigned to any family, but was placed ''incertae sedis'' within the order Ericales when described in 2001. * The fossil ''Gluteus minimus (fossil), Gluteus minimus'', described in 1975, could not be assigned to any known animal phylum. The genus is therefore ''incertae sedis'' within the kingdom Animalia. * While it was unclear to which order the New World vultures (family Cathartidae) should be assigned, they were placed in Aves ''incertae sedis''. It was later agreed to place them in a separate order, Cathartiformes. * Boc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botryosphaeriales
The Botryosphaeriales are an order of sac fungi (Ascomycetes), placed under class Dothideomycetes. Some species are parasites, causing leaf spot, plant rot, die-back or cankers, but they can also be saprophytes or endophytes. They occur world-wide on many hosts. For example, in China, infections related to Botryosphaeriales have been recorded on numerous hosts such as grapes, ''Caragana arborescens'','' Cercis chinensis'', Eucalyptus, Chinese hackberry, blueberry, forest trees, and various other woody hosts. The order was originally defined in 2006 to have only one family, Botryosphaeriaceae, but new taxonomic studies have added at least seven other families. It was then reduced to just seven families in 2020. Families As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020; * Aplosporellaceae (with genera '' Alanomyces'' and '' Aplosporella'') * Botryosphaeriaceae * Endomelanconiopsidaceae * Melanopsaceae (only holds '' Melanops'') * Phyllostictaceae (with genera '' Phyllosticta' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack-in-the-box
A jack-in-the-box is a children's toy that outwardly consists of a Music Box, music box with a Crankset, crank. When the crank is turned, a music box mechanism in the toy plays a melody. After the crank has been turned a sufficient number of times (such as at the end of the melody), the lid pops open and a figure, usually a clown or jester, pops out of the box. Some jacks-in-the-box open at random times when cranked, making the startle even more effective. Many of those that use "Pop Goes the Weasel" open at the point in the melody when the word "pop" would be sung. In 2005, the jack-in-the-box was inducted into the U.S. National Toy Hall of Fame, where are displayed all types of versions of the toy, starting from the beginning versions, and ending with the most recently manufactured versions. Origin A theory as to the origin of the jack-in-the-box is that it comes from the 14th-century Kingdom of England, English prelate John Schorne, Sir John Schorne, who is often pictured hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Botryosphaeriaceae
The Botryosphaeriaceae are a family of sac fungi (Ascomycetes), which is the type representative of the order Botryosphaeriales. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 26 genera and over 1500 species. Members of this order include notable plant pathogens. Genera This is a list of the genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae, based on a 2022 review and summary of fungal classification by Wijayawardene and colleagues. Following the genus name is the taxonomic authority In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon), and these groups are given ... (those who first circumscribed the genus; standardized author abbreviations are used), year of publication, and the number of species: *'' Alanphillipsia'' – 5 spp. *'' Barriopsis'' – 5 spp. *'' Botryobambusa'' – 2 spp. *'' Botryosphaeria'' – 9 spp. *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
