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Dimeroceratoidea
Dimeroceratoidea, formerly Dimerocerataceae, is one of six superfamilies in the goniatitid suborder Tornoceratina which lived during the Devonian. Five families are included, the Dimeroceratidae being the type family. Gonitites, to which they belong, are primitive ammonites ''sensu lato'', extinct shelled cephalopods more closely related to living animals like squids and octopodes than to similarly shelled nautiloids such as the modern genus ''Nautilus A nautilus (; ) is any of the various species within the cephalopod family Nautilidae. This is the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and the suborder Nautilina. It comprises nine living species in two genera, the type genus, ty ...''. References Taxonomy GONIAT-online10/28/10 Paleobiology Database - Dimerocerataceae10/28/10 Saunders, Work, and Nikoleava 1999. Evolution of Complexity in Paleozoic Ammonoid Sutures, Science Magazine Tornoceratina Goniatitida superfamilies Devonian first appearances D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheiloceratidae
Cheiloceratidae is a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the goniatitid suborder Tornoceratina in which the suture has 4 to 12 lobes, the ventral one undivided and those in the lateral areas originating as subdivisions of internal and external lateral saddles. Taxonomy The taxonomy of the Cheiloceratidae varies according to the perception of different researchers over time and can be considered a work in progress. That presented in the taxobox is simply one of the more recent. Cheiloceratidae is the larger of two families included in the Cheilocerataceae in the 1957 Treatise Part L, the other being the Tornoceratidae Tornoceratidae is a family of goniatitid ammonoids from the middle and upper Devonian. The family is included in the suborder Tornoceratina and the superfamily Tornoceratoidea. Tornoceratids are subdiscoidal goniatitids with biconvex growth li ....A.K Miller, W.M Furnish, and O.H. Schindewolf, 1957. Paleozoic Ammonoidea. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimeroceratoidea
Dimeroceratoidea, formerly Dimerocerataceae, is one of six superfamilies in the goniatitid suborder Tornoceratina which lived during the Devonian. Five families are included, the Dimeroceratidae being the type family. Gonitites, to which they belong, are primitive ammonites ''sensu lato'', extinct shelled cephalopods more closely related to living animals like squids and octopodes than to similarly shelled nautiloids such as the modern genus ''Nautilus A nautilus (; ) is any of the various species within the cephalopod family Nautilidae. This is the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and the suborder Nautilina. It comprises nine living species in two genera, the type genus, ty ...''. References Taxonomy GONIAT-online10/28/10 Paleobiology Database - Dimerocerataceae10/28/10 Saunders, Work, and Nikoleava 1999. Evolution of Complexity in Paleozoic Ammonoid Sutures, Science Magazine Tornoceratina Goniatitida superfamilies Devonian first appearances D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prolobitidae
Prolobitidae is a family of middle and upper Devonian ammonoid cephalopods currently included in the goniatitid suborder Tornoceratina and superfamily Dimeroceratoidea, but previously included in the ancestral Anarcestida. Prolobitids are characterized by goniatitic sutures with an undivided ventral lobe and primary lateral lobes that are introduced in the umbilical region. They have shells which are discoidal to subglobular, some bearing transverse ribs and the umbilicus is generally moderate to closed. Prolobitidae is divided into two subfamilies, Prolobitinae consisting of subglobular to subdiscoidal shells with moderate to closed umbilici, and Raymondoceratinae consisting of discodal shells with transverse ribs and large umbilici. The Prolobitidae have been considered the likely ancestors for Prolecanitida. References * Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf,1957; Paleozoic Ammonoidea, Suborder Anarcestina, L29-L33, in The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology The ''Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenacoceratidae
Phenacoceratidae is one of three families of the superfamily Dimeroceratoidea. The family is placed in the order Goniatitida, and was first named by Rudolf Wedekind in 1918 who treated the group as a subfamily. The family was named for ''Phenacoceras'', a junior synonym of '' Clymenoceras''. They are an extinct group of ammonoids, which are shelled cephalopods related to squids, belemnites, octopodes, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids. They were fast-moving free-swimming (nektonic) carnivore A carnivore , or meat-eater (Latin, ''caro'', genitive ''carnis'', meaning meat or "flesh" and ''vorare'' meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant Plants are the eukaryotes that form the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae; they ar ...s. Genera Two genera are currently placed in Phenacoceratidae: * '' Clymenoceras'' ** ''Cl. insolitum'' * '' Cycloclymenia'' (synonyms ''Balvites'' , ''Phenacoceras'' ) ** ''Cy. buchi'' ** ''Cy. clymenioides'' ** ''Cy. p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimeroceratidae
Dimeroceratidae is one of three families in the Dimeroceratoidea, a goniatid superfamily included in the Ammonoidea; extinct shelled cephalopods with adorally convex septa and usually narrow ventro-marginal siphuncles. The family Dimeroceratidae was established for the genus '' Dimeroceras'' which was previously included in the Cheiloceratidae in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology,'' published from 1953–2007 by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas, then 2009–present by the University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, is a definitive multi-authore ... Part L, but differing from the similar subglublar to thickly lenticular '' Cheiloceras'' in having a large lateral lobe and the umbilical lobe outside the umbilicus. The Dimeroceratidae are derived from the Cheiloceratid genus '' Torleyoceras'' through the ancestral '' Paradimeroceras'' which gave rise to ''Dimeroceras'', (Saunders et al. 1999). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tornoceratina
Tornoceratina is one of two suborders included in the Goniatitida, characterized by generally involute, subdiscoidal shells and by sutures in which the ventral ones are undivided. Sutural lobes increase in number during the course of life of the individual, typically developed from the internal and external saddles. The siphuncle The siphuncle is a strand of biological tissue, tissue passing longitudinally through the mollusc shell, shell of a cephalopod mollusc. Only cephalopods with chambered shells have siphuncles, such as the extinct ammonites and belemnites, and the li ... is prochoanitic, with septal necks projecting forward. Derivation is from the Anarcestida in the middle Devonian. References * Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957. Paleozoic Ammonoidea. Treastise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L. Geological Society of America. * Tornoceratina iGoniaton line, Mar. 5, 2015 The Paleobiology DatabaseOct.1, 2007 Goniatitida Middle Devonian first appearances ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a period (geology), geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era during the Phanerozoic eon (geology), eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at million years ago (Megaannum, Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding Carboniferous period at Ma. It is the fourth period of both the Paleozoic and the Phanerozoic. It is named after Devon, South West England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant evolutionary radiation of history of life#Colonization of land, life on land occurred during the Devonian, as free-spore, sporing land plants (pteridophytes) began to spread across dry land, forming extensive coal forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of vascular plants had evolved leaf, leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants (Pteridospermatophyta, pteridospermatophyt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopus
An octopus (: octopuses or octopodes) is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda (, ). The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, an octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beaked mouth at the centre point of the eight limbs. An octopus can radically deform its shape, enabling it to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their appendages behind them as they swim. The siphon is used for respiration and locomotion (by water jet propulsion). Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight, and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse invertebrates. Octopuses inhabit various ocean habitats, including coral reefs, pelagic waters, and the seabed; some live in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths. Most species grow quickly, mature early, and are short-lived. In most species, the male uses a speciall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goniatitida Superfamilies
Goniatids, informally goniatites, are ammonoid cephalopods that form the order Goniatitida, derived from the more primitive Agoniatitida during the Middle Devonian some 390 million years ago (around Eifelian stage). Goniatites (goniatitids) survived the Late Devonian extinction to flourish during the Carboniferous and Permian only to become extinct at the end of the Permian some 139 million years later. Morphology All goniatites possessed an external shell, which is divided internally into chambers filled with gas giving it buoyancy during the life of the animal. An open chamber at the front of the shell provided living space for the goniatitid animal, with access to open water through a ventral siphuncle. The general morphology and habit of goniatites was probably similar to that of their later relatives the ammonites, being free swimming and possessing a head with two well developed eyes and arms (or tentacles). Goniatite shells are small to medium in size, almost always ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nautilus
A nautilus (; ) is any of the various species within the cephalopod family Nautilidae. This is the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and the suborder Nautilina. It comprises nine living species in two genera, the type genus, type of which is the genus ''Nautilus (genus), Nautilus''. Though it more specifically refers to the species ''chambered nautilus, Nautilus pompilius'', the name chambered nautilus is also used for any of the Nautilidae. All are protected under CITES CITES Appendix II, Appendix II. Depending on species, adult shell diameter is between . The Nautilidae, both extant and extinct, are characterized by involute or more or less convoluted shells that are generally smooth, with compressed or depressed whorl (mollusc), whorl sections, straight to sinuous Suture (anatomy), sutures, and a tubular, generally central siphuncle.Kümmel, B. 1964. Nautiloidae-Nautilida, in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Geological Society of America and Univ of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nautiloidea
Nautiloids are a group of cephalopods (Mollusca) which originated in the Late Cambrian and are represented today by the living ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonautilus''. Fossil nautiloids are diverse and species rich, with over 2,500 recorded species. They flourished during the early Paleozoic era, when they constituted the main predatory animals. Early in their evolution, nautiloids developed an extraordinary diversity of shell shapes, including coiled morphologies and giant straight-shelled forms ( orthocones). No orthoconic and only a handful of coiled species, the nautiluses, survive to the present day. In a broad sense, "nautiloid" refers to a major cephalopod subclass or collection of subclasses (Nautiloidea ''sensu lato''). Nautiloids are typically considered one of three main groups of cephalopods, along with the extinct ammonoids (ammonites) and living coleoids (such as squid, octopus, and kin). While ammonoids and coleoids are monophyletic clades with exclusive ancestor-desce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonoidea
Ammonoids are extinct, (typically) coiled-shelled cephalopods comprising the subclass Ammonoidea. They are more closely related to living octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish (which comprise the clade Coleoidea) than they are to nautiluses (family Nautilidae). The earliest ammonoids appeared during the Emsian stage of the Early Devonian (410.62 million years ago), with the last species vanishing during or soon after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event (66 million years ago). They are often called ammonites, which is most frequently used for members of the order Ammonitida, the only remaining group of ammonoids from the Jurassic up until their extinction. Ammonoids exhibited considerable diversity over their evolutionary history, with over 10,000 species having been described. Ammonoids are excellent index fossils, and they have been frequently used to link rock layers in which a particular species or genus is found to specific Geologic time scale, geologic time periods. Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
