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Craugastoridae
Craugastoridae, commonly known as fleshbelly frogs, is a family of New World direct-developing frogs. As delineated here, following the Amphibian Species of the World, it contains 129 species. They are found from the southern United States southwards to Central and South America. Taxonomy The taxon was created by Stephen Blair Hedges, William Edward Duellman and Matthew P. Heinicke in 2008. The taxonomy of these frogs is not yet settled, and other sources may treat the subfamily Strabomantinae as a family, Strabomantidae, with correspondingly smaller Craugastoridae. The family was rearranged in 2014, and more recently in 2021. Life history With the possible exception of '' Craugastor laticeps'' that may be ovoviviparous, craugastorid frogs have direct development: no free-living tadpole stage is known; instead, eggs develop directly into small froglets. Genera Two genera are recognised in the family Craugastoridae: * '' Craugastor'' Cope, 1862 (126 species) * '' Haddadus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craugastor
''Craugastor'' is a large genus of frogs in the family Craugastoridae with 126 species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), .... Its scientific names means brittle-belly, from the Ancient Greek ' (, brittle, dry) and ' (, belly, stomach). Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Craugastor'': References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2101311 Craugastoridae Amphibians of South America Amphibians of Central America Amphibians of North America Amphibian genera Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope Taxonomy articles created by Polbot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haddadus
''Haddadus'' is a genus of frogs in the family Craugastoridae. The genus has three species that are endemic to the Atlantic Forest of east and southeast Brazil. The genus is named for Célio F. B. Haddad, Brazilian herpetologist Herpetology (from Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν ''herpetón'', meaning "reptile" or "creeping animal") is a branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians (including frogs, salamanders, and caecilians (Gymnophiona)) and reptiles (in .... Description ''Haddadus'' are small to medium-sized frogs with head narrower than body. They range in size from (snout–vent length) in only known specimen of '' Haddadus plicifer'' to in females of '' Haddadus binotatus''. Species The genus contains three species: * '' Haddadus aramunha'' (Cassimiro, Verdade, and Rodrigues, 2008) * '' Haddadus binotatus'' (Spix, 1824) * '' Haddadus plicifer'' ( Boulenger, 1888) References Craugastoridae Amphibians of the Atlantic Forest Endemic frogs o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craugastor Longirostris
''Craugastor longirostris'' is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Ecuador from the Guayas Province northwards to western Colombia extreme eastern Panama, with isolated populations in the Magdalena Valley, Colombia. Its natural habitats are lowland and submontane rainforests, occasionally dry forests. It is potentially threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease .... References longirostris Amphibians of Colombia Amphibians of Ecuador Amphibians of Panama Amphibians described in 1898 Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Craugastoridae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craugastor Laticeps
''Craugastor laticeps'' (common name: broad-headed rainfrog, and many variations) is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, and southern Mexico. ''Craugastor laticeps'' occurs in leaf-litter in lowland and premontane tropical forest. It tolerates moderate habitat alteration and can be found in cacao and coffee plantations. There are some threats to this species due to habitat loss. Reproduction ''Craugastor laticeps'' might be unique among craugastorid frogs (which normally have direct development): one observation suggests that the species is ovoviviparous Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, ovivipary, or aplacental viviparity is a "bridging" form of reproduction between egg-laying oviparity, oviparous and live-bearing viviparity, viviparous reproduction. Ovoviviparous animals possess embryos that develo ..., ovipositing eggs with fully developed young almost ready to hatch. The female frog in question was in snout–vent lengt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atopophrynus
''Atopophrynus'' is a genus of frogs. It is monotypic, being represented by a single species, ''Atopophrynus syntomopus'', also known as the Sonson frog. Its taxonomic placement within the superfamily Brachycephaloidea is uncertain, although many sources place it in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Colombia and only known from its type series from Sonsón, in the Cordillera Central, Antioquia Department. Description The type series consists of three adult females, all measuring about in snout–vent length. The head is narrower than the body. The snout is short, oval in dorsal view and protruding in lateral view. Tympanum is absent. The canthus rostralis is rounded. Skin is smooth apart from a few scattered subconical tubercles dorsally. The fingers are basally webbed and, except the first one, bearing obvious rounded pads. The toes are almost fully webbed and bearing broad discs. Dorsal coloration is red with green markings overlain with white flecks, especially on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brachycephaloidea
Brachycephaloidea (or Terrarana) is a large Monophyly, monophyletic unranked clade of Direct development, direct-developing frogs including more than 1,100 species, comprising about 15% of named frog species. Brachycephaloids inhabit the New World tropics, subtropics, and Andes, Andean regions. The group has undergone extensive changes in its Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy thanks to multiple molecular Phylogenetics, phylogenetic analyses in recent years. Until 2008, these species were placed in a single, large family (Brachycephalidae). The diverse Brachycephaloidea contains several notable taxa. It includes the smallest known vertebrates, in the genus ''Brachycephalus'' (family Brachycephalidae): ''Brachycephalus pulex, B. pulex'' and ''Brachycephalus dacnis, B. dacnis''. It also holds the most specious vertebrate genus, ''Pristimantis'' (family Strabomantidae). References Brachycephaloidea, Tetrapod unranked clades {{Brachycephaloidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough skin texture due to wart-like parotoid glands tend to be called toads, but the distinction between frogs and toads is informal and purely cosmetic, not from taxonomy (biology), taxonomy or evolutionary history. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is in tropical rainforest and associated wetlands. They account for around 88% of extant amphibian species, and are one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders. The oldest fossil "proto-frog" ''Triadobatrachus'' is known from the Early Triassic of Madagascar (250Myr, million years ago), but molecular clock, molecular clock dating suggests their divergent evolution, divergence from other amphibians may exte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibian Families
Amphibians are ectothermic, anamniote, anamniotic, tetrapod, four-limbed vertebrate animals that constitute the class (biology), class Amphibia. In its broadest sense, it is a paraphyletic group encompassing all Tetrapod, tetrapods, but excluding the amniotes (tetrapods with an amniotic membrane, such as modern reptiles, birds and mammals). All extant taxon, extant (living) amphibians belong to the monophyletic subclass (biology), subclass Lissamphibia, with three living order (biology), orders: Anura (frogs and toads), Urodela (salamanders), and Gymnophiona (caecilians). Evolved to be mostly semiaquatic, amphibians have adapted to inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living in freshwater ecosystem, freshwater, wetland or terrestrial ecosystems (such as riparian woodland, fossorial and even arboreal habitats). Their biological life cycle, life cycle typically starts out as aquatic animal, aquatic larvae with gills known as tadpoles, but some species have devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. Theoretical implications Monotypic taxa present several important theoretical challenges in biological classification. One key issue is known as "Gregg's Paradox": if a single species is the only member of multiple hierarchical levels (for example, being the only species in its genus, which is the only genus in its family), then each level needs a distinct definition to maintain logical structure. Otherwise, the different taxonomic ranks become effectively identical, which creates problems for organizing biological diversity in a hierarchical syste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct Development
Direct development is a concept in biology. It refers to forms of growth to adulthood that do not involve metamorphosis. An animal undergoes direct development if the immature organism resembles a small adult rather than having a distinct larval form. A frog that hatches out of its egg as a small frog undergoes direct development. A frog that hatches out of its egg as a tadpole does not. Direct development is the opposite of complete metamorphosis. An animal undergoes complete metamorphosis if it becomes a non-moving thing, for example a pupa in a cocoon, between its larval and adult stages. Examples *Most frogs in the genus ''Callulina'' hatch out of their eggs as froglets. *Springtails and mayflies Mayflies (also known as shadflies or fishflies in Canada and the upper Midwestern United States, as Canadian soldiers in the American Great Lakes region, and as up-winged flies in the United Kingdom) are aquatic insects belonging to the order ..., called ametabolous ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
