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Copper, Bronze And Iron Age Sites In Kosovo
The metal period incorporates a long stretched timeline of over three millennia, commencing from approximately 3500 BC up to middle of the 4th century BC. During this time, which includes the Copper Age, Copper, Bronze Age, Bronze, and Iron Age periods we see the sophistication of life among the inhabitants of ancient Kosovo. This periods are well substantiated with archaeological findings, ranging from settlements to necropolises of different types, predominantly tumuli. There are vast amounts of artifacts that have been collected and uncovered during the last century from these settlements and tombs, which prove the existence of civilization, and its continuation from prehistoric periods. Settlements Gadime e Epërme The archaeological site of Gradishta is situated on top of a plateau of the eponymous hill, set on the western part of the Zhegoc Mountains. The fortress holds an extraordinary Geo-strategic position and it is a typical Copper Age and Iron Age mountainous settlemen ...
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Incarnation
Incarnation literally means ''embodied in flesh'' or ''taking on flesh''. It is the Conception (biology), conception and the embodiment of a deity or spirit in some earthly form or an Anthropomorphism, anthropomorphic form of a god. It is used to mean a god, deity, or Divine Being in human or animal form on Earth. The proper noun, Incarnation, refers to the hypostatic union, union of divinity with humanity in Jesus, Jesus Christ. Abrahamic religions Christianity The incarnation of Christ (or Incarnation) is the central Christian doctrine that God became flesh, assumed of human nature, and became a man in the form of Jesus, the Son of God and the second person of the Trinity. This foundational Christian position holds that the divine nature of the Son of God was perfectly united with human nature in one divine Person, Jesus, making him both truly God and truly human. The theological term for this is hypostatic union: the second person of the Trinity, God the Son, became flesh ...
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Drenica (river)
The Drenica (; sr-Cyrl, Дреница) is a river in Kosovo, a long left tributary to the Sitnica river. It flows entirely within Kosovo and gives its name to the surrounding Drenica region. Overview Originating from two streams in the northern part of Carraleva Mountain, beneath the Breshenc hill (1046 m), the Drenica river takes shape and it originally flows to the north. It is known as Llapushnik until it reaches Rusinovc village, where it enters the Drenica basin. Moving northwest of Poklek village, it enters the mountainous region via the Dobrosheve - Grabovc forest glen. Eventually, at Vragoli village, it merges with the Sitnica river. The river's course is divided into three sections: the upper flow extends until Poklek, the middle flow spans from Poklek to Bardh i Madh, and the lower flow continues from there until it converges with the Sitnica river. The Drenica basin experiences an annual average temperature of 9.6 °C and receives a median annual rainfall of ...
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Illyrians
The Illyrians (, ; ) were a group of Indo-European languages, Indo-European-speaking people who inhabited the western Balkan Peninsula in ancient times. They constituted one of the three main Paleo-Balkan languages, Paleo-Balkan populations, along with the Thracians and Ancient Greece, Greeks. The territory the Illyrians inhabited came to be known as Illyria to later Greek and Roman Republic, Roman authors, who identified a territory that corresponds to most of Albania, Montenegro, Kosovo, much of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, western and central Serbia and some parts of Slovenia between the Adriatic Sea in the west, the Drava river in the north, the Great Morava, Morava river in the east and the Ceraunian Mountains in the south. The first account of Illyrian people dates back to the 6th century BC, in the works of the ancient Greek writer Hecataeus of Miletus. The name "Illyrians", as applied by the ancient Greeks to their northern neighbors, may have referred to a broad, ...
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Brnjica Culture
The Brnjica culture (, ), alternatively Donja Brnjica-Gornja Stražava cultural group, is a Late Bronze Age archaeological culture in present-day Kosovo and Serbia dating between the 14th and 10th/9th centuries BCE. Description The Brnjica cultural group was a Late Bronze Age cultural manifestation in what was to become Dardania, closely connected to the Balkan-Danubian complex. It dates between the 14th and 10th/9th centuries BCE. In Yugoslavian historiography, starting from Milutin Garašanin, the Brnjica culture was interpreted as the " Daco-Moesian" and non-" Illyrian" linguistic component of the later Dardani, an Iron Age Palaeo-Balkan group appearing as an Illyrian people in ancient literary tradition. The Brnjica culture is characterized by several groups: * Kosovo with Raska and Pester * South and West Morava confluence zone * Leskovac-Nis * South Morava-Pcinja-Upper Vardar Brnjica type pottery has been found in Blageovgrad, Plovdiv, and a number of sites in Pelagonia, ...
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Urn Burial
''Hydriotaphia, Urn Burial, or, a Discourse of the Sepulchral Urns lately found in Norfolk'' is a work by Sir Thomas Browne, published in 1658 as the first part of a two-part work that concludes with ''The Garden of Cyrus''. The title is Greek for "urn burial": A hydria (ὑδρία) is a large Greek pot, and ''taphos'' (τάφος) means "tomb". Its nominal subject was the discovery of some 40 to 50 Anglo-Saxon pots in Norfolk. The discovery of these remains prompts Browne to deliver, first, a description of the antiquities found, and then a survey of most of the burial and funerary customs, ancient and current, of which his era was aware. The most famous part of the work is the apotheosis of the fifth chapter, where Browne declaims: George Saintsbury, in the '' Cambridge History of English Literature'' (1911), calls the totality of Chapter V "the longest piece, perhaps, of absolutely sublime rhetoric to be found in the prose literature of the world." Influence ''Urn Burial ...
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Podujevë
Podujevë or Besianë ( sq-definite, Podujeva or ''Besiana'') or Podujevo is a List of cities in Kosovo, city and Municipalities of Kosovo, municipality in the District of Pristina, Pristina District in Kosovo. Podujevë is the largest municipality of Kosovo since it covers and is located along a regional motorway and also has railroad passing through it, which links the area to surrounding regions. Pristina, the capital of Kosovo, is located some to the south. According to the 2024 census, the municipality has 71,018 inhabitants. The city's population may be higher, as these figures include only the population of the cadastral area of Podujevë, but not some urban neighborhoods of the city that are outside the cadastral area. According to the directorate of urban planning and environmental protection, about 31,417 residents live in the urban area, while about 57,082 residents in rural areas. History Antiquity Llap (region), Llap Region, which Podujevë is part of, was ...
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Gjakova
Gjakova or Đakovica, ) and Đakovica ( sr-Cyrl, Ђаковица, ) is the sixth largest city of Kosovo and seat of the Gjakova Municipality and the District of Gjakova, Gjakova District. According to the 2024 census, the municipality of Gjakova has 78,699 inhabitants. Geographically, it is located in the south-western part of Kosovo, about halfway between the cities of Peja and Prizren. It is approximately inland from the Adriatic Sea. The city is situated some north-east of Tirana, north-west of Skopje, west of the capital Pristina, south of Belgrade and east of Podgorica. The city of Gjakova has been populated since the prehistoric era. During the Ottoman Kosovo, Ottoman period, Gjakova served as a trading centre on the route between Shkodër, Shkodra and Istanbul, Constantinople. It was also one of the most developed trade centres at that time in the Balkans. Etymology The Albanian name for the city is ''Gjakova''. There are several theories on the origin of the ...
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Dardanians (Balkans)
The Dardani (; ; ) or Dardanians were a Paleo-Balkan people, who lived in a region that was named Dardania after their settlement there. They were among the oldest Balkan peoples, and their society was very complex. The Dardani were the most stable and conservative ethnic element among the peoples of the central Balkans, retaining an enduring presence in the region for several centuries. Ancient tradition considered the Dardani as an Illyrian people.Kosovo: A Short History p. 363 'As Papazoglu notes, most ancient sources classify Dardanians as Illyrians. Her reasons for rejecting this identification in a later essay, ‘Les Royaumes’, are obscure. There were Thracian names in the eastern strip of Dardania, but Illyrian names dominated the rest; Katicic has shown that these belong with two other Illyrian "‘onomastic provinces’ (see his summary in Ancient Languages, pp. 179-81, and the evidence in Papazoglu, ‘Dardanska onomastika’).' Strabo, in particular – also ment ...
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Tumulus
A tumulus (: tumuli) is a mound of Soil, earth and Rock (geology), stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds, mounds, howes, or in Siberia and Central Asia as ''kurgans'', and may be found throughout much of the world. A cairn, which is a mound of stones built for various purposes, may also originally have been a tumulus. Tumuli are often categorised according to their external apparent shape. In this respect, a long barrow is a long tumulus, usually constructed on top of several burials, such as passage graves. A round barrow is a round tumulus, also commonly constructed on top of burials. The internal structure and architecture of both long and round barrows have a broad range; the categorization only refers to the external apparent shape. The method of may involve a dolmen, a cist, a mortuary enclosure, a mortuary house, or a chamber tomb. Examples of barrows include Duggleby Howe and Maeshowe. Etymology The word ''tumulus'' ...
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Tumat Ilire Në Bokë Të Përçevës2
Tumat (; ) is a rural locality (a '' selo''), the only inhabited settlement and the administrative center of Tumatsky National Rural Okrug of Ust-Yansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located from Deputatsky, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 533,Sakha Republic Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Results of the 2010 All-Russian CensusЧисленность населения по районам, городским и сельским населённым пунктам(''Population Counts by Districts, Urban and Rural Inhabited Localities'') of whom 286 were male and 247 female, down from 577 recorded during the 2002 Census.''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic'' Geography The village is located by the right bank of the Chondon river, a little upstream from its confluence with the Nuchcha. There are numerous lakes near Tumat. Orotko, located to the northea ...
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