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Communications In Iran
Iran's telecommunications industry is almost entirely state-owned, dominated by the Telecommunication Company of Iran (TCI). Fixed-line penetration in 2004 was relatively well-developed by regional standards, standing at 22 lines per 100 people, higher than Egypt with 14 and Saudi Arabia with 15, although behind the UAE with 27. Iran had more than 1 mobile phone per inhabitant by 2012. Iran has a population of 80 million with some 56% of Iranians under the age of 25. In 2008, there were more than 52,000 rural offices, providing Telecom services to the villages across the country. The number of fixed telephone lines is above 24 million, with penetration factor of 33.66%. In 2012, there were 43 million internet users in Iran, making the country first in the Middle East in terms of number. As of 2020, 70 million Iranians are using high-speed mobile internet. Iran is among the first five countries which have had a growth rate of over 20 percent and the highest level of development ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Iran
The politics of Iran takes place in the framework of an Islamic theocracy which was formed following the overthrow of Iran's millennia-long monarchy by the 1979 Revolution. Iran's system of government (''nezam'') was described by Juan José Linz in 2000 as combining "the ideological bent of totalitarianism with the limited pluralism of authoritarianism". Although it "holds regular elections in which candidates who advocate different policies and incumbents are frequently defeated",Juan José Linz, Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes' (Lynne Rienner, 2000), p. 36. . Iran scored lower than Saudi Arabia and China in the 2021 Democracy Index, determined by the Economist Intelligence Unit, with a score of just 1.96. The December 1979 constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, declares that Shia Islam is Iran's state religion (around 90–95% of Iranians associate themselves with the Shia branch of Islam), and it combines elements of theocracy (Guardianship of the Islamic J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smuggling In Iran
Taxation in Iran is levied and collected by the Iranian National Tax Administration under the Ministry of Finance and Economic Affairs of the Government of Iran. In 2008, about 55% of the government's budget came from oil and natural gas revenues, the rest from taxes and fees. An estimated 50% of Iran's GDP was exempt from taxes in FY 2004. There are virtually millions of people who do not pay taxes in Iran and hence operate outside the formal economy. The fiscal year begins on March 21 and ends on March 20 of the next year. As part of the Iranian Economic Reform Plan, the government has proposed income tax increases on traders in gold, steel, fabrics and other sectors, prompting several work stoppages by merchants. In 2011, the government announced that during the second phase of the economic reform plan, it aims to increase tax revenues, simplify tax calculation method, introduce double taxation, mechanize tax system, regulate tax exemptions and prevent tax evasion. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prepaid Mobile Phone
A prepaid mobile device, also known as a pay-as-you-go (PAYG), pay-as-you-talk, pay and go, go-phone, or prepay, is a mobile device such as a smartphone, phone for which credit is purchased in advance of service use. The purchased credit is used to pay for telecommunications services at the point the service is accessed or consumed. If there is no credit, then access is denied by the cellular network or Intelligent Network. Users can top up their credit at any time using a variety of payment mechanisms such as the Pay as you go, Pay-as-you-go (PAYG). In 2020, 155 countries had the mandatory SIM registration laws for the prepaid mobile SIM cards such as the mandatory Know Your Customer (KYC) or other type of Identity verification service, legal identification verification at the point of sale to prevent the anonymous use of unregistered prepaid mobile which facilitates criminal or terrorist activities. A burner phone is a prepaid phone number specifically purchased without the Kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is often called Earth's "twin" or "sister" planet for having almost the same size and mass, and the closest orbit to Earth's. While both are rocky planets, Venus has an atmosphere much thicker and denser than Earth and any other rocky body in the Solar System. Its atmosphere is composed of mostly carbon dioxide (), with a global sulfuric acid cloud cover and no liquid water. At the mean surface level the atmosphere reaches a temperature of and a pressure 92 times greater than Earth's at sea level, turning the lowest layer of the atmosphere into a supercritical fluid. Venus is the third brightest object in Earth's sky, after the Moon and the Sun, and, like Mercury, appears always relatively close to the Sun, either as a "morning star" or an "evening star", resulting from orbiting closer ( inferior) to the Sun than Earth. The orbits of Venus and Earth make the two planets approach each other in synodic periods of 1.6 years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communications Satellite
A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a Transponder (satellite communications), transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a Radio receiver, receiver at different locations on Earth. Communications satellites are used for television, telephone, radio, internet, and military applications. Many communications satellites are in geostationary orbit above the equator, so that the satellite appears stationary at the same point in the sky; therefore the satellite dish antennas of ground stations can be aimed permanently at that spot and do not have to move to track the satellite. Others form satellite constellations in low Earth orbit, where antennas on the ground have to follow the position of the satellites and switch between satellites frequently. The radio waves used for telecommunications links travel by Line-of-sight propagation, line of sight and so are obstructe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tehran Times
The ''Tehran Times'' is an English-language daily newspaper published in Iran, founded in 1979 as the self-styled "voice of the Islamic Revolution". While not state-owned, it is considered state-controlled and closely tied to the hardline factions within the Iranian government. Academics, ambassadors, policymakers and international affairs analysts frequently contribute to the newspaper. History The newspaper was founded by Mohammad Beheshti in 1979 following the Iranian Revolution as a self-proclaimed "voice of the Islamic Revolution". In 2002, the ''Tehran Times'' established a news agency which later came to be known as the Mehr News Agency (MNA). Now, the ''Tehran Times'' and the MNA are run by a single management system. Mohammad Shojaeian took over as the new managing director of the ''Tehran Times'' and the MNA in September 2019. On April 12, 2020, Shojaeian appointed Ali A. Jenabzadeh as the editor-in-chief of the ''Tehran Times'' daily newspaper. In August 2023, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran Daily
''Iran'' () is a Persian-language and the official daily newspaper of the government of Iran. Profile ''Iran'' was launched in 1995. The Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) owns and publishes ''Iran''. Iran's affiliated website is Iran Network. IRNA also publishes Iran Daily, an English-language daily newspaper, Alvefagh, an Arabic newspaper, Irane varzeshi, a sport daily newspaper, and Irane Sepid for blind people. The newspaper supports the policies of the government and is described as a pro-government conservative daily. The daily was managed by Mosayeb Naeemi during the presidency of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Following the 2013 presidential election Mohammad Taqi Roghaniha, CEO of Iran Cultural and Press Institute (ICPI), was appointed manager of the daily. Bans ''Iran'' was closed down by the Press Supervisory Board in May 2006 following its publication a caricature which was deemed to be "divisive and provocative". The caricature which mocked Azeris caused stir among Azer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kayhan
''Kayhan'' () is a Persian-language newspaper published in Tehran, Iran. It is considered "the most conservative and hard-line Iranian newspaper." Hossein Shariatmadari is the editor-in-chief of ''Kayhan''. According to the report of the ''New York Times'' in 2007, his official position is representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran. ''Kayhan'' has about 1,000 employees worldwide. There are conflicting reports about its circulation numbers: in 2006 the BBC gave it as 60,000–100,000 copies, in 2007 the ''New York Times'' gave "about 70,000", and in 2008 a New York University School of Law journal article reported it as 350,000 copies. ''Kayhan'' also publishes special foreign editions, which include the English-language ''Kayhan International''. History and profile ''Kayhan'' was founded in February 1943 by owner Abdolrahman Faramarzi and Mostafa Mesbahzadeh as editor-in-chief. Later the roles of Faramarzi and Mesbahzadeh were reversed. The paper supported Shah Mohamm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ettelaat
''Ettela'at'' () is a Persian-language daily newspaper of record published in Tehran, Iran. It is among the oldest publications in the country, and the oldest running Persian daily newspaper in the world. The paper has a conservative stance, and focuses on political, cultural, social, and economic news. Until the 1979 Iranian Revolution, the newspaper was associated with its chief founder Abbas Massoudi (1895–1974). History and profile ''Ettala'at'' was started by Abbas Massoudi in 1926 as a four-page paper and sold nearly 2,000 copies per week. The circulation of the paper was 15,000 copies during the reign of Reza Shah. At the beginning of World War II. the paper was expanded and had eight pages. ''Ettala'at'' supported Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi during his reign. One of the editors-in-chief was Hassan Sayyed Javadi, younger brother of Ali Sayyed Javadi, another journalist with '' Kayhan'', and Ahmad Sayyed Javadi, sometime interior minister of the Islamic government. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran Computer And Video Games Foundation
The Iran Computer and Video Games Foundation (ICVGF), also known as the National Foundation for Computer Games (NFCG), is an Iranian nonprofit organization established by the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance to control and support the video game industry in Iran. Established in 2007, the ICVGF is responsible for publishing and releasing video games, supporting Iranian video game developers, teaching video game development, and monitoring the activities of LAN gaming centers in Iran. The ICVGF is also responsible for banning foreign video games that are not compatible with Iran's political views, and filtering video game websites that do not meet governmental rules. Duties The main duties of the ICVGF are: * Supporting and promoting game development in Iran * Educating Iranian game designers, developers, and artists in Iran * Managing the Entertainment Software Rating Association and the Game Development Institute * Hosting officially-sanctioned gaming conventions and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
