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Color And Symmetry
''Color and Symmetry'' is a book by Arthur L. Loeb published by Wiley Interscience in 1971. The author adopts an unconventional algorithmic approach to generating the line and plane groups based on the concept of "rotocenter" (the invariant point of a rotation). He then introduces the concept of two or more colors to derive all of the plane dichromatic symmetry groups and some of the polychromatic symmetry groups. Structure and topics The book is divided into three parts. In the first part, chapters 1–7, the author introduces his "algorismic" (algorithmic) method based on "rotocenters" and "rotosimplexes" (a set of congruent rotocenters). He then derives the 7 frieze groups and the 17 wallpaper groups. In the second part, chapters 8–10, the dichromatic (black-and-white, two-colored) patterns are introduced and the 17 dichromatic line groups and the 46 black-and-white dichromatic plane groups are derived. In the third part, chapters 11–22, polychromatic patterns (3 or more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Lee Loeb
Arthur Lee Loeb (13 July 1923, Amsterdam – 19 July 2002, Cambridge, Massachusetts) was a Dutch scientist and crystallographer. Life and career Loeb arrived to the U.S. during World War II, completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Pennsylvania in 1944, and his Ph.D. in Chemical physics at Harvard University in 1949. He taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the early part of his career. His life's work involved the articulation of a language of spatial patterns, which he refined while working as a research scientist at Kennecott Copper Co. research laboratory in Lexington, MA from 1962 to 1973. Loeb later taught at Harvard, where he was senior lecturer in the Visual and Environmental Studies Department. His language, which he described as "Visual Mathematics" and "Design Science," led to lifelong collaboration with innovators such as R. Buckminster Fuller and M.C. Escher. Loeb was a founder and first Vice-President of the International Socie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marjorie Senechal
Marjorie Lee Senechal (née Wikler, born 1939) is an American mathematician and historian of science, the Louise Wolff Kahn Professor Emerita in Mathematics and History of Science and Technology at Smith College and editor-in-chief of ''The Mathematical Intelligencer''. In mathematics, she is known for her work on tessellations and quasicrystals; she has also studied ancient Parthian electric batteries and published several books about silk. Biography Senechal was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the oldest of four children of Abraham Wikler, a United States Public Health Service physician. The family soon moved to Lexington, Kentucky, and Senechal grew up as a "narco brat" on the grounds of the Lexington Narcotic Hospital, a prison farm for drug addicts, where her father was associate director.. She was educated at the Training School of the University of Kentucky, a small school with only one class in each grade; Senechal later wrote that the school's too-easy classwork, snobbis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematics Books
Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formulas and related structures), geometry (the study of shapes and spaces that contain them), analysis (the study of continuous changes), and set theory (presently used as a foundation for all mathematics). Mathematics involves the description and manipulation of abstract objects that consist of either abstractions from nature orin modern mathematicspurely abstract entities that are stipulated to have certain properties, called axioms. Mathematics uses pure reason to prove properties of objects, a ''proof'' consisting of a succession of applications of deductive rules to already established results. These results include previously proved theorems, axioms, andin case of abstractio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilings And Patterns
''Tilings and patterns'' is a book by mathematicians Branko Grünbaum and Geoffrey Colin Shephard published in 1987 by W.H. Freeman. The book was 10 years in development, and upon publication it was widely reviewed and highly acclaimed. Structure and topics The book is concerned with Tessellation, tilings—a partition of the plane into regions (the tiles)—and patterns—repetitions of a motif in the plane in a regular manner. The book is divided into two parts. The first seven chapters define concepts and terminology, establish the general theory of tilings, survey tilings by regular polygons, review the theory of patterns, and discuss tilings in which all the tiles, or all the edges, or all the vertices, play the same role. The last five chapters survey a variety of advanced topics in tiling theory: Dichromatic symmetry, colored patterns and tilings, Euclidean tilings by convex regular polygons, polygonal tilings, aperiodic tilings, Wang tiles, and tilings with unusual kin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geoffrey Colin Shephard
Geoffrey Colin Shephard (16 August 1927 - 3 August 2016) was a British mathematician who worked on convex geometry and reflection groups. He asked Shephard's problem on the volumes of projected convex bodies, posed another problem on polyhedral nets, proved the Shephard–Todd theorem in invariant theory of finite groups, began the study of complex polytopes, and classified the complex reflection groups. Shephard earned his Ph.D. in 1954 from Queens' College, Cambridge, under the supervision of J. A. Todd. He was a professor of mathematics at the University of East Anglia The University of East Anglia (UEA) is a Public university, public research university in Norwich, England. Established in 1963 on a campus university, campus west of the city centre, the university has four faculties and twenty-six schools of ... until his retirement. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Branko Grünbaum
Branko Grünbaum (; 2 October 1929 – 14 September 2018) was a Croatian-born mathematician of Jewish descentBranko Grünbaum Hrvatska enciklopedija LZMK. and a professor at the in . He received his Ph.D. in 1957 from Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Life< ...
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London Mathematical Society
The London Mathematical Society (LMS) is one of the United Kingdom's Learned society, learned societies for mathematics (the others being the Royal Statistical Society (RSS), the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA), the Edinburgh Mathematical Society and the Operational Research Society (ORS). History The Society was established on 16 January 1865, the first president being Augustus De Morgan. The earliest meetings were held in University College London, University College, but the Society soon moved into Burlington House, Piccadilly. The initial activities of the Society included talks and publication of a journal. The LMS was used as a model for the establishment of the American Mathematical Society in 1888. Mary Cartwright was the first woman to be President of the LMS (in 1961–62). The Society was granted a royal charter in 1965, a century after its foundation. In 1998 the Society moved from rooms in Burlington House into De Morgan House (named after t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexei Vasilievich Shubnikov
Alexei Vasilievich Shubnikov (; 29March 1887 – 27April 1970) was a Soviet crystallographer and mathematician. Shubnikov was the founding director of the Institute of Crystallography (named after him following his death) of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in Moscow. Shubnikov pioneered Russian crystallography and its application. Life Career In 1912 Shubnikov graduated from the Department of Natural Sciences of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Moscow University. From 1920 to 1925 he was a professor at the Ural Mining Institute, Yekaterinburg. In 1925, at the invitation of the well-known mineralogist and geologist Alexander Fersman, he went to Leningrad, where he founded a laboratory of crystallography and laid the foundations of the Soviet school of theoretical and applied crystallography and related fields. From 1927 to 1929 he visited research institutions in Norway and Germany and worked temporarily with Friedrich Rinne. In 1934 he received a doctora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolph Ludwig Edward Schwarzenberger
Rolph Ludwig Edward Schwarzenberger (7 February 1936 – 29 February 1992) was a British mathematician at the University of Warwick who worked on vector bundles (where he introduced jumping lines), crystallography, and mathematics education. He was President of the Mathematical Association The Mathematical Association is a professional society concerned with mathematics education in the UK. History It was founded in 1871 as the Association for the Improvement of Geometrical Teaching and renamed to the Mathematical Association in ... in 1983–1984. Publications * Schwarzenberger translated this book into English and added a long appendix on later developments. * * * References * * * 1936 births 1992 deaths 20th-century British mathematicians {{mathematician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discrete Applied Mathematics
''Discrete Applied Mathematics'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering algorithmic and applied areas of discrete mathematics. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Endre Boros (Rutgers University). The journal was split off from another Elsevier journal, ''Discrete Mathematics'', in 1979, with that journal's founder Peter Ladislaw Hammer as its founding editor-in-chief. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexing in: According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2020 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 1.139. References External links *{{official website, http://www.journals.elsevier.com/discrete-applied-mathematics/ Discrete mathematics journals Academic journals established in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials
''Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published in English. The journal publishes theoretical and experimental studies in crystallography of both organic and inorganic substances. The editor-in-chief of the journal is from the University of Münster. The journal was founded in 1877 under the title ''Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie'' by crystallographer and mineralogist Paul Heinrich von Groth, who served as the editor for 44 years. It has used several titles over its history, with the present title having been adopted in 2010. The journal is indexed in a variety of databases and has a 2020 impact factor of 1.616. History The journal was established in 1877 by Paul von Groth as a German-language publication under the title ''Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie'', and he served as its editor until the end of 1920. Groth was appointed as the inaugural Professor of Mineralogy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
