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Club (organization)
A club is an voluntary association, association of people united by a common interest or goal. A service club, for example, exists for voluntary or charitable activities. There are clubs devoted to hobbies and sports, social activities clubs, political and religious clubs, and so forth. History Historically, clubs occurred in all ancient states of which exists detailed knowledge. Once people started living together in larger groups, there was need for people with a common interest to be able to associate despite having no ties of kinship. Organizations of the sort have existed for many years, as evidenced by Ancient Greek clubs and associations (''collegia'') in Ancient Rome. Origins of the word and concept It is uncertain whether the use of the word "club" originated in its meaning of a knot of people, or from the fact that the members "clubbed" together to pay the expenses of their gatherings. The oldest English clubs were merely informal periodic gatherings of friends fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Savile Club New Bar 2
Savile is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Arthur Savile (1819–1870), English clergyman and cricketer * David Savile, actor, married to Lois Baxter * Douglas Barton Osborne Savile (1909–2000), mycologist * Dorothy Savile, Viscountess Halifax (1640–1670) * Dorothy Savile, Countess of Burlington and of Cork (1699–1758), painter and wife of Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington * George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax (1633–1695) * George Savile (other), for others of that name * Henry Savile (died 1558), MP for Yorkshire * Henry Savile (died 1569), MP for Yorkshire and Grantham * Henry Savile (Bible translator) (1549–1622) * Henry Savile (politician) (1642–1687) * Jimmy Savile (1926–2011), DJ, presenter and media personality * John Savile, 1st Baron Savile of Pontefract (1556–1630), politician; M.P., Lincolnshire and Yorkshire * John Savile, 1st Baron Savile (second creation) (1818–1896), British diplomat; Ambassador to Italy, 1883– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Walter Raleigh
Sir Walter Raleigh (; – 29 October 1618) was an English statesman, soldier, writer and explorer. One of the most notable figures of the Elizabethan era, he played a leading part in English colonisation of North America, suppressed rebellion in Ireland, helped defend Kingdom of England, England against the Spanish Armada and held political positions under Elizabeth I. Raleigh was born to a landed gentry family of Protestant faith in Devon, the son of Walter Raleigh and Catherine Champernowne. He was the younger half-brother of Sir Humphrey Gilbert and a cousin of Sir Richard Grenville. Little is known of his early life, though in his late teens he spent some time in Kingdom of France, France taking part in the French Wars of Religion, religious civil wars. In his 20s he took part in the suppression of rebellion in the Plantations of Ireland, colonisation of Ireland; he also participated in the siege of Smerwick. Later, he became a landlord of property in Ireland and mayor of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles II Of England
Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and King of Ireland, Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. After Charles I's execution at Palace of Whitehall, Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War, the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649. However, England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth with a republican government eventually led by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651, and Charles Escape of Charles II, fled to mainland Europe. Cromwell became Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Ribbon Club
The Green Ribbon Club was one of the earliest of the loosely combined associations which met from time to time in London taverns or coffeehouses for political purposes in the 17th century. The green ribbon was the badge of the Levellers in the English Civil Wars, in which many of them had fought, and was an overt reminder of the radical origins of the club's loyalties. Meetings and name The club met at the King's Head tavern at Chancery Lane End and therefore was known as the King's Head Club. It seems to have been founded about the year 1675 by men of a political faction hostile to the king's court. These associates wore on their hats a bow, or bob, of green ribbon, as a distinguishing badge useful for the purpose of mutual recognition in street brawls. The name of the club was changed, about 1679, to the Green Ribbon Club. The King's Head Tavern, described by North as "over against" (meaning opposite) the Inner Temple Gate, was at the corner of Fleet Street and Chancery Lane, on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calves Head Club
The Calves Head Club was purportedly established to ridicule the memory of King Charles I of England. After his execution in 1649, a Commonwealth (republic) was established. His son Charles II became King in 1660, and criticism of the monarchy was strictly forbidden. Toward the end of the seventeenth century, rumours began circulating in print about the club and its annual meeting held on 30 January, the anniversary of the execution of Charles I by beheading. The club is mentioned by Samuel Wesley, a dissenter who later conformed to the Church of England, in the anonymous ''A Letter from a Country Divine to his Friend in London Concerning the Education of Dissenters in their Private Academies'' (1703). Wesley claimed to have attended a meeting in 1693 where dissenters blasphemed the memory of Charles I, "discoursing of their Calves-head Club" and a "Design they had at their next Calves-Head Feast, to have a Cold Pye serv'd on the Table, with either a Live-Cat or Hare ... and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stuart Restoration
The Stuart Restoration was the reinstatement in May 1660 of the Stuart monarchy in Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland. It replaced the Commonwealth of England, established in January 1649 after the execution of Charles I, with his son Charles II of England, Charles II. The Commonwealth of England had been governed by Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell and then his son Richard Cromwell. The term is also used to describe the reign of Charles II (1660–1685), and sometimes that of his younger brother King James II, James II (1685–1688). The Protectorate After Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector from 1658 to 1659, ceded power to the Rump Parliament, Charles Fleetwood and John Lambert (general), John Lambert then dominated government for a year. On 20 October 1659, George Monck, the governor of Scotland under the Cromwells, marched south with his army from Scotland to oppose Fleetwood and Lambert. Lambert's a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debating Society
Debate is a process that involves formal discourse, discussion, and oral addresses on a particular topic or collection of topics, often with a moderator and an audience. In a debate, arguments are put forward for opposing viewpoints. Historically, debates have occurred in public meetings, academic institutions, debate halls, coffeehouses, competitions, and legislative assemblies. Debates have also been conducted for educational and recreational purposes, usually associated with educational establishments and debating societies. These debates emphasize logical consistency, factual accuracy, and emotional appeal to an audience. Modern competitive debate also includes rules for participants to discuss and decide upon the framework of the debate (how it will be judged). The term "debate" may also apply to a more continuous, inclusive, and less formalized process through which issues are explored and resolved across a range of agencies and among the general public. For example, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tudor Dynasty
The House of Tudor ( ) was an English and Welsh dynasty that held the throne of England from 1485 to 1603. They descended from the Tudors of Penmynydd, a Welsh noble family, and Catherine of Valois. The Tudor monarchs ruled the Kingdom of England and the Lordship of Ireland (later the Kingdom of Ireland) for 118 years with five monarchs: Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I. The Tudors succeeded the House of Plantagenet as rulers of the Kingdom of England, and were succeeded by the Scottish House of Stuart. The first Tudor monarch, Henry VII, descended through his mother from the House of Beaufort, a legitimised branch of the English royal House of Lancaster, a cadet house of the Plantagenets. The Tudor family rose to power and started the Tudor period in the wake of the Wars of the Roses (1455–1487), which left the main House of Lancaster (with which the Tudors were aligned) extinct in the male line. Henry VII (a descendant of Edward III, and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stuart Period
The Stuart period of British history lasted from 1603 to 1714 during the dynasty of the House of Stuart. The period was plagued by internal and religious strife, and a large-scale civil war which resulted in the Execution of Charles I, execution of Charles I of England, King Charles I in 1649. The Interregnum (1649–1660), Interregnum, largely under the control of Oliver Cromwell, is included here for continuity, even though the Stuarts were in exile. The Cromwell regime collapsed and Charles II of England, Charles II had very wide support for his taking of the throne in 1660. His brother James II of England, James II was overthrown in 1689 in the Glorious Revolution. He was replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary II of England, Mary II and her Dutch husband William III of England, William III. Mary's sister Anne was the last of the line. For the next half century James II and his son James Francis Edward Stuart and grandson Charles Edward Stuart claimed that they were the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Spectator (1711)
''The Spectator'' was a daily publication founded by Joseph Addison and Richard Steele in England, lasting from 1711 to 1712. Each "paper", or "number", was approximately 2,500 words long, and the original run consisted of 555 numbers, beginning on 1 March 1711. These were collected into seven volumes. The paper was revived without the involvement of Steele in 1714, appearing three times a week for six months, and these papers when collected formed the eighth volume. Eustace Budgell, a cousin of Addison's, and the poet John Hughes also contributed to the publication. Aims In Number 10, Mr. Spectator states that ''The Spectator'' will aim "to enliven morality with wit, and to temper wit with morality". The journal reached an audience of thousands of people every day, because "the ''Spectators'' was something that every middle-class household with aspirations to looking like its members took literature seriously would want to have." He hopes it will be said he has "brought ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatler (1709)
''The Tatler'' was a British literary and society journal begun by Richard Steele in 1709 and published for two years. It represented a new approach to journalism, featuring cultivated essays on contemporary manners, and established the pattern that would be copied in such British classics as Addison and Steele's ''The Spectator'', Samuel Johnson's '' The Rambler'' and '' The Idler'', and Goldsmith's ''Citizen of the World''. ''The Tatler'' would also influence essayists as late as Charles Lamb and William Hazlitt. Addison and Steele liquidated ''The Tatler'' in order to make a fresh start with the similar ''Spectator'', and the collected issues of ''Tatler'' are usually published in the same volume as the collected ''Spectator''. 1709 journal ''The Tatler'' was founded in 1709 by Richard Steele, who used the pen name " Isaac Bickerstaff, Esquire". This is the first known such consistently adopted journalistic ''persona'', which adapted to the first person, as it were, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th Century Coffeehouse England 1-580x400
17 (seventeen) is the natural number following 16 and preceding 18. It is a prime number. 17 was described at MIT as "the least random number", according to the Jargon File. This is supposedly because, in a study where respondents were asked to choose a random number from 1 to 20, 17 was the most common choice. This study has been repeated a number of times. Mathematics 17 is a Leyland number and Leyland prime, using 2 & 3 (23 + 32) and using 4 and 5, using 3 & 4 (34 - 43). 17 is a Fermat prime. 17 is one of six lucky numbers of Euler. Since seventeen is a Fermat prime, regular heptadecagons can be constructed with a compass and unmarked ruler. This was proven by Carl Friedrich Gauss and ultimately led him to choose mathematics over philology for his studies. The minimum possible number of givens for a sudoku puzzle with a unique solution is 17. Geometric properties Two-dimensions *There are seventeen crystallographic space groups in two dimensions. These are som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
