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Claudio E.A. Pizzi
Claudio E.A. Pizzi (born 20 September 1944, Milan) is an Italian logician and epistemologist. Biography Pizzi completed his Master's degree in philosophy from the Universita' degli studi di Milano in 1969. From 1976, he taught logic for three years at the University of Calabria. He then worked as a professor of logic and of philosophy of science at the University of Siena from 1979 to 2014, in which he became a full professor in 1997. Beginning from 1992, he worked for several Brazilian universities and especially for Centro de Logica, Epistemologia e Historia da Ciencia (CLE) of the University of Campinas. From 2008–2012, he taught logic of proof at the Faculty of Law of the Universita' di Milano-Bicocca. Research activities After completing his studies, Pizzi edited the Italian translation of G.E. Hughes and M.J. Cresswell's ''An Introduction to Modal Logic'' and published two anthologies in 1974 and 1979, aiming to spread the knowledge of two areas of the intensional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard language, Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the List of cities in Italy, second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its Metropolitan City of Milan, metropolitan city has 3.26 million inhabitants. Its continuously built-up List of urban areas in the European Union, urban area (whose outer suburbs extend well beyond the boundaries of the administrative Metropolitan cities of Italy, metropolitan city and even stretch into the nearby country of Switzerland) is the fourth largest in the EU with 5.27 million inhabitants. According to national sources, the population within the wider Milan metropolitan area (also known as Greater Milan), is estimated between 8.2 million and 12.5 million making it by far the List of metropolitan areas of Italy, largest metropolitan area in Italy and List of metropolitan areas in Europe, one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Milano-Bicocca
The University of Milano-Bicocca ( it, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, UNIMIB) is a public university located in Milan, Italy, providing undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate education. Established in 1998, it was ranked by the ''Times Higher Education'' 2014 ranking of the best 100 Universities under 50 years old as number 21 worldwide and first in Italy. Campus The University of Milano-Bicocca is located in an area on the northern outskirts of Milan, which was occupied by the Pirelli industrial complex until the late 1980s. The industrial area has been redesigned by architect Vittorio Gregotti into an urban complex, including the University of Milano-Bicocca's research laboratories and student residence halls. History The University of Milano-Bicocca has its origins from the splitting of the University of Milan, which with about 90,000 students in the 1990s was becoming overcrowded. A large area in the north of Milan, the Bicocca, was chosen as the location f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Living People
Related categories * :Year of birth missing (living people) / :Year of birth unknown * :Date of birth missing (living people) / :Date of birth unknown * :Place of birth missing (living people) / :Place of birth unknown * :Year of death missing / :Year of death unknown * :Date of death missing / :Date of death unknown * :Place of death missing / :Place of death unknown * :Missing middle or first names See also * :Dead people * :Template:L, which generates this category or death years, and birth year and sort keys. : {{DEFAULTSORT:Living people 21st-century people People by status ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1944 Births
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in North Africa. ** Landing at Saidor: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat. * January 8 – WWII: Philippine Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon and attack Japanese forces. * January 11 ** President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of Rights for social and economic security, in his State of the Union address. ** The Nazi German administration expands Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp into the larger standalone ''Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau'' in occupied Poland. * January 12 – WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin a 2-day conference in Marrakech. * January 14 – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ustica Massacre
On 27 June 1980, Itavia Flight 870 (IH 870, AJ 421), a McDonnell Douglas DC-9 passenger jet en route from Bologna to Palermo, Italy, crashed into the Tyrrhenian Sea between the islands of Ponza and Ustica, killing all 81 people on board. Known in Italy as the Ustica massacre ("strage di Ustica"), the disaster led to numerous investigations, as well as legal actions and accusations; it continues to be a source of controversy, including claims of conspiracy by the Government of Italy and others. A 1994 report found the cause of the crash was a terrorist bomb, one in a years-long series of bombings in Italy. The Prime Minister of Italy at the time, Francesco Cossiga, attributed the crash to being accidentally shot down during a dogfight between Libyan and NATO fighter jets. Aircraft The aircraft, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-15 flown as Aerolinee Itavia Flight 870, was manufactured in 1966 and acquired by the airline on 27 February 1972 with the serial number CN45724/22 and registrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Causality
Causality (also referred to as causation, or cause and effect) is influence by which one event, process, state, or object (''a'' ''cause'') contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an ''effect'') where the cause is partly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly dependent on the cause. In general, a process has many causes, which are also said to be ''causal factors'' for it, and all lie in its past. An effect can in turn be a cause of, or causal factor for, many other effects, which all lie in its future. Some writers have held that causality is metaphysically prior to notions of time and space. Causality is an abstraction that indicates how the world progresses. As such a basic concept, it is more apt as an explanation of other concepts of progression than as something to be explained by others more basic. The concept is like those of agency and efficacy. For this reason, a leap of intuition may be needed to grasp it. Acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counterfactual Conditional
Counterfactual conditionals (also ''subjunctive'' or ''X-marked'') are conditional sentences which discuss what would have been true under different circumstances, e.g. "If Peter believed in ghosts, he would be afraid to be here." Counterfactuals are contrasted with indicatives, which are generally restricted to discussing open possibilities. Counterfactuals are characterized grammatically by their use of fake tense morphology, which some languages use in combination with other kinds of morphology including aspect and mood. Counterfactuals are one of the most studied phenomena in philosophical logic, formal semantics, and philosophy of language. They were first discussed as a problem for the material conditional analysis of conditionals, which treats them all as trivially true. Starting in the 1960s, philosophers and linguists developed the now-classic possible world approach, in which a counterfactual's truth hinges on its consequent holding at certain possible worlds whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TABLEAUX
The International Conference on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods (TABLEAUX) is an annual international academic conference that deals with all aspects of automated reasoning with analytic tableaux. Periodically, it joins with CADE and TPHOLs into the International Joint Conference on Automated Reasoning (IJCAR). The first table convened in 1992. Since 1995, the proceedings of this conference have been published by Springer's LNAI series. In August 2006 TABLEAUX was part of the Federated Logic Conference in Seattle, USA. The following TABLEAUX were held in 2007 in Aix en Provence, France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ..., as part of IJCAR 2008, in Sydney, Australia, as TABLEAUX 2009, in Oslo, Norway, as part of IJCAR 2010, Edinburgh, U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Connexive Logic
Connexive logic names one class of alternative, or non-classical, logics designed to exclude the paradoxes of material implication. The characteristic that separates connexive logic from other non-classical logics is its acceptance of Aristotle's thesis, i.e. the formula, * ~(~p → p) as a logical truth. Aristotle's thesis asserts that no statement Logical consequence, follows from its own denial. Stronger connexive logics also accept Boethius' thesis, * ((p → q) → ~(p → ~q)) which states that if a statement implies one thing, it does not imply its opposite. Relevance logic is another logical theory that tries to avoid the paradoxes of material implication. History Connexive logic is arguably one of the oldest approaches to logic. Aristotle's Thesis is named after Aristotle because he uses this principle in a passage in the ''Prior Analytics''. It is impossible that the same thing should be necessitated by the being and the not-being of the same thing. I mean, for exa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conditional Logic
Conditional (if then) may refer to: *Causal conditional, if X then Y, where X is a cause of Y *Conditional probability, the probability of an event A given that another event B has occurred *Conditional proof, in logic: a proof that asserts a conditional, and proves that the antecedent leads to the consequent *Strict conditional, in philosophy, logic, and mathematics *Material conditional, in propositional calculus, or logical calculus in mathematics *Relevance conditional, in relevance logic *Conditional (computer programming), a statement or expression in computer programming languages *A conditional expression in computer programming languages such as ?: *Conditions in a contract Grammar and linguistics *Conditional mood (or conditional tense), a verb form in many languages *Conditional sentence, a sentence type used to refer to hypothetical situations and their consequences **Indicative conditional, a conditional sentence expressing "if A then B" in a natural language **Coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tense Logic
In logic, temporal logic is any system of rules and symbolism for representing, and reasoning about, propositions qualified in terms of time (for example, "I am ''always'' hungry", "I will ''eventually'' be hungry", or "I will be hungry ''until'' I eat something"). It is sometimes also used to refer to tense logic, a modal logic-based system of temporal logic introduced by Arthur Prior in the late 1950s, with important contributions by Hans Kamp. It has been further developed by computer scientists, notably Amir Pnueli, and logicians. Temporal logic has found an important application in formal verification, where it is used to state requirements of hardware or software systems. For instance, one may wish to say that ''whenever'' a request is made, access to a resource is ''eventually'' granted, but it is ''never'' granted to two requestors simultaneously. Such a statement can conveniently be expressed in a temporal logic. Motivation Consider the statement "I am hungry". Though it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intensional Logic
Intensional logic is an approach to predicate logic that extends first-order logic, which has quantifiers that range over the individuals of a universe ('' extensions''), by additional quantifiers that range over terms that may have such individuals as their value (''intensions''). The distinction between intensional and extensional entities is parallel to the distinction between sense and reference. Overview Logic is the study of proof and deduction as manifested in language (abstracting from any underlying psychological or biological processes). Logic is not a closed, completed science, and presumably, it will never stop developing: the logical analysis can penetrate into varying depths of the language (sentences regarded as atomic, or splitting them to predicates applied to individual terms, or even revealing such fine logical structures like modal, temporal, dynamic, epistemic ones). In order to achieve its special goal, logic was forced to develop its own formal tools ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
