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Cl (other)
CL or cl may refer to: Arts and entertainment * CL (rapper), (born Lee Chae-rin, 1991), singer and rapper, leader of the K-pop girl group 2NE1 * Creative Loafing, a newspaper publisher Brands and enterprises * Colgate-Palmolive's NYSE stock symbol * Companhia das Lezírias, an agribusiness company in Portugal Computing and technology * , the command-line C/C++ compiler for Microsoft Visual C++ * .cl, Internet country code top-level domain for Chile * CL register, the low byte of an X86 16-bit CX register * CAS latency, a measure used in computer memory * Common Lisp, a programming language * Common Logic, a framework for a family of logic languages * Control Language, a scripting language for the IBM AS/400 midrange platform Industry and technology * CL, the prefix for Canadair manufactured aircraft model numbers * Caseless ammunition Organizations * Catholic League (U.S.), also known as The Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights * Communion and Liberation, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CL (rapper)
Lee Chae-rin (born February 26, 1991), better known by her stage name CL, is a South Korean rapper, singer, and songwriter. Born in Seoul, South Korea, she spent much of her early life in Japan and France. She rose to fame as a member of the girl group 2NE1, who debuted in 2009 under YG Entertainment. They became one of the most popular South Korean girl groups worldwide and one of the List of best-selling girl groups, best-selling girl groups. As a solo artist, CL made her debut with the single "The Baddest Female" in May 2013 and released the solo track "MTBD (song), MTBD" in February 2014 as part of 2NE1's final studio album ''Crush (2NE1 album), Crush''. Following the group's hiatus at the turn of 2015, CL pursued a solo career with the release of the singles "Hello Bitches" (2015) and "Lifted (CL song), Lifted" (2016). The latter single led CL to become the first female Korean solo artist to place in the Billboard Hot 100, ''Billboard'' Hot 100, and the third Korean artist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cathodoluminescence
Cathodoluminescence is an optical and electromagnetic phenomenon in which electrons impacting on a luminescent material such as a phosphor, cause the emission of photons which may have wavelengths in the visible spectrum. A familiar example is the generation of light by an electron beam scanning the phosphor-coated inner surface of the screen of a television that uses a cathode-ray tube. Cathodoluminescence is the inverse of the photoelectric effect, in which electron emission is induced by irradiation with photons. Origin Luminescence in a semiconductor results when an electron in the conduction band recombines with a hole in the valence band. The difference energy (band gap) of this transition can be emitted in form of a photon. The energy (color) of the photon, and the probability that a photon and not a phonon will be emitted, depends on the material, its purity, and the presence of defects. First, the electron has to be excited from the valence band into the con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acura CL
The Acura CL is a midsize car, midsize four passenger coupe manufactured and marketed by Honda's Acura brand across two generations from 1996 until 2003. All Acura CLs were manufactured at Honda's plant in East Liberty, Ohio with the Honda Civic. The second generation Acura TL, TL and the Honda Accord upon which the Acura CLs were based, are manufactured at Honda's plant in Marysville, Ohio. The CL was the first Acura to be built in the United States. With the release of the TL and 3.5RL in 1996, Acura transitioned to alphanumeric and/or two-letter names. Acura CL-X The Acura CL-X is a concept car built by Acura (in conjunction with its parent company Honda) for the North American International Auto Show#1995, 1995 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. It was designed in Honda's R&D North America studio in Los Angeles. It is a two-dour coupe with a wheelbase of and a track width of . The concept was shown to preview the styling and body style of what would bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Continental League
The Continental League of Professional Baseball Clubs (known as the Continental League or CL) was a proposed third major league for baseball in the United States and Canada. The league was announced in 1959 and scheduled to begin play in the 1961 season. Unlike predecessor competitors such as the Players' League and the Federal League, it sought membership within organized baseball's existing organization and acceptance within Major League Baseball as any attempt at outsider leagues could be quashed by them per a 1922 Supreme Court case declaring MLB exempt from federal antitrust laws. The league disbanded in August 1960 without playing a single game as a concession by lawyer William Shea as part of his negotiations with Major League Baseball to expand to incorporate at least eight new teams. History Background The move of the New York Giants (to San Francisco) and the Brooklyn Dodgers (to Los Angeles) following the 1957 season led New York City mayor Robert F. Wagner Jr. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central League (New Zealand)
The Central League, known as the Dettol Central League for sponsorship reasons, is a competition run by the Capital Football for association football clubs located in the southern and central parts of the North Island. It is a New Zealand top-tier competition during the winter season, and sits at step two under the National League. League history The premier league was initially set up as one of the three feeder leagues to the New Zealand National Soccer League in 1992, and continued in this form until being disbanded at the end of the 1999 season. The league was reinstated in 2005 as the top club league for the central region of New Zealand football, and the current strength of the league is demonstrated by it providing the past Chatham Cup winners in 2009 ( Wellington Olympic), 2010 ( Miramar Rangers), 2011 ( Wairarapa United) and 2015 ( Napier City Rovers). Renaming and restructuring of leagues in the country In March 2021, New Zealand Football announced a change to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central League
The or , also known as the for sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues that constitute Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship plays against the winner of the Pacific League in the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around the country. Unlike the Pacific League, designated hitters are not used during Central League home games. History The Central League was founded in 1949 with eight teams: four holdovers from the previous Japanese Baseball League — the Chunichi Dragons, the Hanshin Tigers, the Yomiuri Giants, and the Shochiku Robins (formerly the Taiyō Robins) — and four new teams — the Hiroshima Carp, the Kokutetsu Swallows, the Nishi Nippon Pirates, and the Taiyō Whales. The Nishi Nippon Pirates existed for one season — they placed sixth in 1950, and the following season merged with the also Fukuoka-based Nishitetsu Clippers (a member of the Pacific League) to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Closer (baseball)
In baseball, a closing pitcher, more frequently referred to as a closer (abbreviated CL), is a relief pitcher who specializes in getting the final out (baseball), outs in a close game when his team is leading. The role is often assigned to a team's best reliever. Before the 1990s, pitchers in similar roles were referred to as a fireman and stopper. A small number of closers have won the Cy Young Award. Nine closers have been inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame: Dennis Eckersley, Rollie Fingers, Goose Gossage, Trevor Hoffman, Mariano Rivera, Lee Smith (baseball), Lee Smith, Bruce Sutter, Billy Wagner, and Hoyt Wilhelm. Usage A closer is generally a team's best reliever and designated to pitch the last few outs of games when his team is leading by a margin of three runs or fewer. Rarely does a closer enter with his team losing or in a tie game, however in the playoffs they are often brought on if it is a close game. A closer's effectiveness has traditionally been measured by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topological Closure
In topology, the closure of a subset of points in a topological space consists of all points in together with all limit points of . The closure of may equivalently be defined as the union of and its boundary, and also as the intersection of all closed sets containing . Intuitively, the closure can be thought of as all the points that are either in or "very near" . A point which is in the closure of is a point of closure of . The notion of closure is in many ways dual to the notion of interior. Definitions Point of closure For S as a subset of a Euclidean space, x is a point of closure of S if every open ball centered at x contains a point of S (this point can be x itself). This definition generalizes to any subset S of a metric space X. Fully expressed, for X as a metric space with metric d, x is a point of closure of S if for every r > 0 there exists some s \in S such that the distance d(x, s) < r ( is allowed). Another way to express ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lift Coefficient
In fluid dynamics, the lift coefficient () is a dimensionless quantity that relates the lift generated by a lifting body to the fluid density around the body, the fluid velocity and an associated reference area. A lifting body is a foil or a complete foil-bearing body such as a fixed-wing aircraft. is a function of the angle of the body to the flow, its Reynolds number and its Mach number. The section lift coefficient refers to the dynamic lift characteristics of a two-dimensional foil section, with the reference area replaced by the foil chord. Abbott, Ira H., and Doenhoff, Albert E. von: ''Theory of Wing Sections''. Section 1.2 Definitions The lift coefficient ''C''L is defined by :C_\mathrm L \equiv \frac = = , where L\, is the lift force, S\, is the relevant surface area and q\, is the fluid dynamic pressure, in turn linked to the fluid density \rho\,, and to the flow speed u\,. The choice of the reference surface should be specified since it is arbitrary. For e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divisor Class Group
In algebraic geometry, divisors are a generalization of codimension-1 subvarieties of algebraic varieties. Two different generalizations are in common use, Cartier divisors and Weil divisors (named for Pierre Cartier and André Weil by David Mumford). Both are derived from the notion of divisibility in the integers and algebraic number fields. Globally, every codimension-1 subvariety of projective space is defined by the vanishing of one homogeneous polynomial; by contrast, a codimension-''r'' subvariety need not be definable by only ''r'' equations when ''r'' is greater than 1. (That is, not every subvariety of projective space is a complete intersection.) Locally, every codimension-1 subvariety of a smooth variety can be defined by one equation in a neighborhood of each point. Again, the analogous statement fails for higher-codimension subvarieties. As a result of this property, much of algebraic geometry studies an arbitrary variety by analysing its codimension-1 subvarieties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clifford Algebra
In mathematics, a Clifford algebra is an algebra generated by a vector space with a quadratic form, and is a unital associative algebra with the additional structure of a distinguished subspace. As -algebras, they generalize the real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions and several other hypercomplex number systems. The theory of Clifford algebras is intimately connected with the theory of quadratic forms and orthogonal transformations. Clifford algebras have important applications in a variety of fields including geometry, theoretical physics and digital image processing. They are named after the English mathematician William Kingdon Clifford (1845–1879). The most familiar Clifford algebras, the orthogonal Clifford algebras, are also referred to as (''pseudo-'')''Riemannian Clifford algebras'', as distinct from ''symplectic Clifford algebras''. Introduction and basic properties A Clifford algebra is a unital associative algebra that contains and is generated by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
