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Chavakacheri
Chavakachcheri ( Cāvakaccēri, Jāvakachchēri) is a town in the Jaffna peninsula of Jaffna District, Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It may have Javanese people, Javanese origins, as the name "Chaavaka+cheari" literally means Javanese settlement (there are also some references to a Javanese fort in northern Sri Lanka). The town may date back to the Malay invasions of Sri Lanka, Southeast Asian occupation of Yalpanam, where certain settlements and forts were established by Chandrabhanu to maintain hegemony over the overseas colony. The town is governed by an Urban Council. Chavakachcheri was badly devastated in the Sri Lankan civil war, Sri Lankan Civil War. Today, the government and the people of Chavakachcheri have rebuilt the town, but the population remains drastically lower than the pre-war years. The 111-year-old Chavakachcheri Hindu College, a high school, is a leading centre of education in the town. References External links Javanese History, Spread of Javanese Ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaffna District
Jaffna District ( ''Yāḻppāṇam Māvaṭṭam''; ''yāpanaya distrikkaya'') is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Jaffna. History Between the 5th century BC and the 13th century AD present day Jaffna District was part of various Kingdoms such as Pandya, Chola, Pallava, Kalinga, and Rajarata. Jaffna District was thereafter part of the pre-colonial Jaffna kingdom. The district then came under Portuguese, Dutch and British control. In 1815 the British gained control of the entire island of Ceylon. They divided the island into three ethnic-based administrative structures: Low Country Sinhalese, Kandyan Sinhalese and Tamil. Jaffna District was part of the Tamil administration. In 1833, in acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Province, Sri Lanka
The Northern Province ( ''Vaṭa Mākāṇam''; ''Uturu Paḷāta'') is one of the nine Provinces of Sri Lanka, provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 8,884 km2, making it the 3rd largest province by area, and a population of 1,061,315, making it the least populated province. Jaffna is the capital city of the province. Between 1988 and 2006, the province was temporarily Merger (politics), merged with the Eastern Province, Sri Lanka, Eastern Province into one province, the North Eastern Province, Sri Lanka, North Eastern Province. Due to its large Sri Lankan Tamil people, Tamil population, the Northern Province is sometimes referred to as "Sri Lanka's Tamil country". The majority of the fighting in the Sri Lankan civil war, Sri Lankan Civil War took place in the Northern province. History Parts of present-day Northern Province were part of the pre-colonial Jaffna kingdom. Other parts were ruled by Vanniar (Chieftain), Vanniar Chieftains who paid tribute to the Jaffna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chandrabhanu
Chandrabhanu (, ; died 1262) or Chandrabhanu Sridhamaraja was the King of Tambralinga Kingdom in present-day Thailand, Malaysia and Sumatra and the Jaffna Kingdom in northern Sri Lanka. A Javaka, he was known to have ruled from during the period of 1230 until 1262. He was also known for building a well-known Buddhist stupa in southern Thailand. In 1247 he sent an expedition to the island ostensibly to acquire the Buddhist relic from the island. Sinhalese King Parakramabahu II sent his nephew Prince Veerabahu to handle the unexpected Malay invasion. He was able to defeat Chandrabhanu. But Chandrabhanu's forces, using poison darts, were able to occupy the Jaffna kingdom, the northern part of the island in 1255. Repeated attempts to conquer the rest of the island ensued. In 1258 his forces faced an invasion of the island by the forces of the Pandyan Dynasty commanded by Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I, and Chandrabhanu submitted to Pandyan rule, bringing the Jaffna kingdom under Pand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malay Invasions Of Sri Lanka
Malayan invasions of Sri Lanka occurred in the mid-13th century, when the Malayan ruler Chandrabhanu Sridhamaraja of Tambralinga, invaded Sri Lanka twice during the reign of king Parakramabahu II of Dambadeniya. Both invasions were successfully repulsed by the Kingdom of Dambadeniya. Background The Rajarata civilization of Sri Lanka ended with the fall of Polonnaruwa to Kalinga Magha, a conqueror from the Eastern Ganga dynasty. Kalinga Magha's brutal reign in Polonnaruwa caused a massive human migration from the region of Rajarata to the South. Not long after, several political states emerged in the southern region, and the kingdom of Dambadeniya in Maya Rata was one of them. Parakramabahu II, who became the second monarch of Dambadeniya in 1236, was strengthening his army during the time to defeat and banish Magha from Sri Lanka. First Invasion While preparing for the battle with Kalinga Magha, Chandrabhanu, a Javaka or 'Malayan ruler' from the South-east Tambralinga kingdo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Town
A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative status, or historical significance. In some regions, towns are formally defined by legal charters or government designations, while in others, the term is used informally. Towns typically feature centralized services, infrastructure, and governance, such as municipal authorities, and serve as hubs for commerce, education, and cultural activities within their regions. The concept of a town varies culturally and legally. For example, in the United Kingdom, a town may historically derive its status from a market town designation or City status in the United Kingdom, royal charter, while in the United States, the term is often loosely applied to incorporated municipality, municipalities. In some countries, such as Australia and Canada, distinction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaffna Peninsula
The Jaffna Peninsula (, or ) is a region in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is home to the capital city of the province, Jaffna, and comprises much of the former land mass of the medieval Jaffna Kingdom. The peninsula was historically divided into the three regions of Vadamarachchi, Thenmarachchi and Valikamam, which today make up three regions of the Jaffna District. History Naga Nadu The Naga people were one of the ancient tribes of Sri Lanka, who were mainly concentrated in the Jaffna Peninsula. The peninsula was also known in pre-mediaeval era as ''Naga Nadu'', which means "''Land of the Nagas''" as mentioned in the twin epics of ancient Tamilakam, the Silappatikaram and Manimekalai. The Pali chronicle Mahavamsa also refers to the peninsula with the corresponding name as ''Nagadipa'', meaning "''island of Nagas''", where it is described as a Chiefdom with rulers named as ''Diparaja'', meaning "''King of Island''". Ptolemy, the Greek writer from 100 AD ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chavakachcheri
Chavakachcheri ( Cāvakaccēri, Jāvakachchēri) is a town in the Jaffna peninsula of Jaffna District, Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It may have Javanese origins, as the name "Chaavaka+cheari" literally means Javanese settlement (there are also some references to a Javanese fort in northern Sri Lanka). The town may date back to the Southeast Asian occupation of Yalpanam, where certain settlements and forts were established by Chandrabhanu to maintain hegemony over the overseas colony. The town is governed by an Urban Council The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services .... Chavakachcheri was badly devastated in the Sri Lankan Civil War. Today, the government and the people of Chavakachcheri have rebuilt the town, but the population remains drastically lower than the pre-war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chavakacheri
Chavakachcheri ( Cāvakaccēri, Jāvakachchēri) is a town in the Jaffna peninsula of Jaffna District, Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It may have Javanese people, Javanese origins, as the name "Chaavaka+cheari" literally means Javanese settlement (there are also some references to a Javanese fort in northern Sri Lanka). The town may date back to the Malay invasions of Sri Lanka, Southeast Asian occupation of Yalpanam, where certain settlements and forts were established by Chandrabhanu to maintain hegemony over the overseas colony. The town is governed by an Urban Council. Chavakachcheri was badly devastated in the Sri Lankan civil war, Sri Lankan Civil War. Today, the government and the people of Chavakachcheri have rebuilt the town, but the population remains drastically lower than the pre-war years. The 111-year-old Chavakachcheri Hindu College, a high school, is a leading centre of education in the town. References External links Javanese History, Spread of Javanese Ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council (Hong Kong), Regional Council. The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ''ex-officio'' and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong, the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage. History The Urban Council was first established as the Sanitary Board in 1883. In 1887, a system of partial elections was established, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javanese People
The Javanese ( , ; ) are an Austronesian peoples, Austronesian ethnic group native to the central and eastern part of the Indonesian island of Java. With more than 100 million people, Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in both Indonesia and in Southeast Asia as a whole. Their native language is Javanese language, Javanese, it is the largest of the Austronesian languages in List of languages by number of native speakers, number of native speakers and also the largest regional language in Southeast Asia. As the largest ethnic group in the region, the Javanese have historically dominated the social, political, and cultural landscape of both Indonesia and Southeast Asia. There are significant numbers of Javanese diaspora outside of Central Java, central and East Java, eastern Java regions, including the other provinces of Indonesia, as well as other countries such as Suriname, Singapore, Malaysia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Yemen and the Netherlands. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metric System
The metric system is a system of measurement that standardization, standardizes a set of base units and a nomenclature for describing relatively large and small quantities via decimal-based multiplicative unit prefixes. Though the rules governing the metric system have changed over time, the modern definition, the International System of Units (SI), defines the metric prefixes and seven base units: metre (m), kilogram (kg), second (s), ampere (A), kelvin (K), Mole (unit), mole (mol), and candela (cd). An SI derived unit is a named combination of base units such as hertz (cycles per second), Newton (unit), newton (kg⋅m/s2), and tesla (unit), tesla (1 kg⋅s−2⋅A−1) and in the case of Celsius a shifted scale from Kelvin. Certain units have been Non-SI units mentioned in the SI#Units officially accepted for use with the SI, officially accepted for use with the SI. Some of these are decimalised, like the litre and electronvolt, and are considered "metric". Others, like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
