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Ch'oe Yi
Ch'oe U (; 1166 – 10 December 1249), also known as Ch'oe I (), was a military ruler and official during the later Goryeo period, serving in various positions such as Assistant Executive in Political Affairs, the minister of personnel and war, and Censorate superintendent. Ch'oe U's posthumous title was Kwangnyŏl (匡烈). His exact birth year is unknown, but he died in 1249 . His ancestral seat was Ubong, now known as Gimcheon in Hwanghae Province. Ch'oe U was the son of Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn. After Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn died in 1219, Ch'oe U ruled the Ch'oe military regime until 1249, becoming the second ruler of the Ch'oe family's military government. His first name was Ch'oe U, but he later changed it to Ch'oe I. During his rule, Goryeo faced many hardships, including the Mongol invasion of Korea, which led to the relocation of the capital from Gaegyeong to Ganghwa Island. Early life Ch'oe U was the eldest son of Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn, who founded the Ch'oe military regime. Ch'oe Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Leader Of Goryeo
The Goryeo military regime () refers to a period in Goryeo history when military generals wielded considerable power, overshadowing royal authority and disrupting Goryeo's system of civilian supremacy and severe discrimination against military personnel. It spanned roughly 100 years from a coup d'état in 1170 to the Sambyeolcho Rebellion of 1270. The military's despotic rule ended with Korea under Yuan rule, Goryeo's vassalization by the Yuan dynasty. ''Goryeosa'' describes a king, Sinjong of Goryeo, Sinjong, during the military regime that exemplifies the weakened royal authority compared to that of the military ruler: Background By the time Injong of Goryeo, King Injong () ascended the Goryeo throne as the 17th monarch, the royal authority had significantly weakened and faced serious challenges from powerful factions. Goryeo's elite society was divided into the Kaesong, Kaegyŏng establishment represented by Kim Bu-sik, relatives of the king represented by Yi Cha-gyŏm, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huijong
Huijong (21 June 1181 – 31 August 1237), personal name Wang Yŏng, was the 21st king of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. It is said of King Huijong that if he were to have grown old he would have made a great king. When his father ascended to the throne and Huijong became Crown Prince, he rebelled against Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn, the military leader of that time, and his younger brother Ch'oe Ch'ung-su. Huijong grew truly hostile towards them after Ch'ung-su forced the Crown Princess to abdicate so that he could replace her with his daughter. During the rebellion, Huijong masterminded a plan to make Ch'ung-hŏn kill Ch'ung-su, but Ch'ung-hŏn found out about it. Huijong was forced to beg for forgiveness and humble himself before one of his own subjects, which only made him hungrier for revenge. When King Sinjong fell ill in 1204, he stepped down from the throne to let his son Huijong be king. Huijong, knowing that he had to lull Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn into a false sense of security in orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queen Sundeok
Queen Sundeok of the Gyeongwon Yi clan (; 15 April 1094 – 21 September 1118) or formally called as Queen Mother Mungyeong (), was a Korean Goryeo era queen consort as the second wife of Yejong of Goryeo and the mother of his successor, Injong of Goryeo. Biography Early life The future Queen Sundeok was born on 15 April 1094 as the second daughter of Yi Cha-gyŏm and Lady Ch'oe, the second daughter of Choe Sa-chu from the Haeju Choe clan. She had six brothers, one older sister, and two younger sisters. Since King Munjong's reign, the Gyeongwon Yi clan was already produced many queen consorts or wives for the Goryeo royal family, so it can said that she came from a noble family. Marriage and Palace life She firstly entered the palace in 1108 (3rd year reign of Yejong of Goryeo) at 15 years old and was given the royal title as Princess Yeondeok () and was put to live in Yeondeok Palace (). One year later, she gave birth to their first son, Wang Hae (the future King Injong) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sambyeolcho
The Sambyeolcho, or the Three Extraordinary Watches, was a military unit of the Goryeo dynasty while the Ch'oe family held the reins of power as military dictators behind puppet kings. They played a key role in resisting the Mongol Invasions of Korea A series of campaigns were conducted between 1231 and 1270 by the Mongol Empire against the Korean kingdom of Goryeo. The last campaign concluded with a peace treaty with Goryeo becoming Korea under Yuan rule, a vassal state of the Yuan dynast .... History Meaning "specially-selected troops", the Sambyeolcho originated from a unit called the Yabyeolcho (야별초, 夜別抄, Special Night Unit), which was established to prevent burglaries and to provide night time security in the capital. When additional units were subordinated to the Yabyeolcho, the new organization was divided into two main units, the Jwabyeolcho (좌별초, 左別抄), Special Unit of the Left, and the Ubyeolcho (우별초, 右別抄), the Special Unit of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tobang
Dobang (), also written as Tobang, was a Goryeo Dynasty private military unit that originated as the personal body guard for Kyong Tae-sung. After the military revolt of the generals in 1170 during the reign of King Uijong of Goryeo, a series of generals culminating in the Ch'oe military dictators, held the real power in Goryeo. In their first year, General Yi Ko was murdered by General Yi Ui-bang who subsequently died at the hands of Chŏng Kyun (정균). Chŏng's father, Chŏng Chung-bu next held sway for several years until he was overthrown by Kyong Tae-sung. Kyong Tae-sung was the next to last general to seize power before the Choe family gained and consolidated military control for a longer period of time. Noting the great personal risk that had plagued the previous generals, Kyong Tae-sung organized a personal bodyguard of 100 troops, known as the Dobang, which attended him at all times. The Dobang disbanded upon Kyong Tae-sung's death but was reconstituted by Ch' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korean Units Of Measurement
Korean units of measurement, called ''cheokgwan-beop'' () or ''cheokgeun-beop'' () in Korean, is the traditional system of measurement used by the people of the Korean peninsula. It is largely based on the Chinese system, with influence from Japanese standards imposed following its annexation of the Korean Empire in 1910. Both North and South Korea currently employ the metric system. Since 2007, South Korea has criminalized the use of Korean units in commercial contexts, but informal use continues, especially of the '' pyeong'' as a measure of residential and commercial floorspace. North Korea continues to use the traditional units, although their standards are now derived from metric conversions. History Ancient Korea Customary Korean units are a local adaption of the traditional Chinese system, which was adopted at a very early date. They were imposed and adjusted at various times by royal statutes. The details of the system have varied over time and location in Korea's hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korean Currency
Korean currency dates back as far as the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) when the first coins were minted. The coins, cast in both bronze and iron, were called ''tongbo'' and ''jungbo''. Additionally, silver vases called ''ŭnbyŏng'' were widely used and circulated as a currency among the aristocracy of Goryeo. It was not until the beginning of the Joseon period that copper coins called '' mun'' were minted for wide circulation. Jeohwa (), which was made of standardized mulberry-bark paper early in the Joseon period, became the first legal paper money and was used as a medium of exchange in place of coins until it disappeared in the early 16th century. From the 17th century until the end of the 19th century, coins denominated in mun bearing the inscription Sang Pyeong Tong Bo () were the most widely circulated currency. History The history of Korean currency dates back to around the 3rd century BC, when first coins in the form of knife coins, also known in Korean literature as "M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yeongheung
Kŭmya County is a county in South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea. It borders the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea) to the east. History The area was settled at least since the Bronze Age, revealed by excavations of relics in the county. During the Three Kingdoms era, the area became controlled by Goguryeo, then taken over by Balhae. Eventually, it became a domain of Goryeo and renamed Hwaju. When the Joseon dynasty came to power, it was renamed to Yonghung, due to belief that this was the hometown of the maternal grandmother of Taejo of Joseon. In January 1974, when Inhung-gun (Inhung County) was abolished, much of its ri (villages) were transferred to Yonghung-gun, along with Inhung-up, which was downgraded to a rodongjagu, in total placing 1 up, 3 rodongjagu and 48 ri under its jurisdiction. In March 1977, ''Y''onghung-gun was renamed to Kumya-gun and a number of villages and Yonghung-up were renamed. Administrative divisions Kŭmya county is divided into 1 '' ŭp'' (to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Hamgyong Province
South Hamgyong Province (, ''Hamgyŏngnamdo''; ) is a province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the southern half of the former Hamgyong Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Hamhung. Geography The province is bordered by Ryanggang to the north, North Hamgyong to the northeast, Kangwon to the south, and South Pyongan to the west. To the east of the province is the Sea of Japan. Administrative divisions South Hamgyong is divided into three cities ("si"), two districts (one "gu" and one "chigu"), and 15 counties ("gun"). These are further divided into villages ('' ri'' and '' dong'', with dong also denoting neighborhoods in cities), with each county additionally having one town ('' up'') which acts as its administrative center. These are detailed on each county's individual page. Some cities are also divided into wards known as "guyok", which are administered just below the city level and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
