|
Cathedral Of The Holy Spirit, Hradec Králové
The Cathedral of the Holy Spirit () is a principal church of the Diocese of Hradec Králové in the Czech Republic and also the seat of the current bishop of the Diocese Jan Vokál. It is a late Gothic brick basilica with two towers, which is located in the southwestern corner of the Velké Square in Hradec Králové. History The founding charter of the construction of the church is not preserved, so there is a space for a wide range of theories, when the construction of the church really began. The history of the cathedral is traditionally described as initiated by Elizabeth Richeza of Poland, wife of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, Wenceslaus II and later King Rudolf I of Bohemia, Rudolf I in 1307. Elizabeth received dowry towns including Hradec Králové after Rudolf's death in 1307. Elizabeth chose Hradec Králové as her residence town between 1308 and 1318. And for this reason the beginning of the church is connected with her name. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové (; ) is a city of the Czech Republic. It has about 94,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Hradec Králové Region. The historic centre of Hradec Králové is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monument reservation, the wider centre is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones, urban monument zone. Administrative division Hradec Králové consists of 21 municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Březhrad (899) *Hradec Králové (14,782) *Kukleny (2,617) *Malšova Lhota (869) *Malšovice (2,557) *Moravské Předměstí (4,966) *Nový Hradec Králové (22,458) *Piletice (186) *Plácky (1,108) *Plačice (737) *Plotiště nad Labem (2,087) *Pouchov (2,007) *Pražské Předměstí (13,045) *Roudnička (873) *Rusek (411) *Slatina (742) *Slezské Předměstí (8,948) *Svinary (1,064) *Svobodné Dvory (2,632) *Třebeš (7,225) *Věkoše (2,436) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buttress
A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall. Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient (typically Gothic) buildings, as a means of providing support to act against the lateral (sideways) forces arising out of inadequately braced roof structures. The term ''counterfort'' can be synonymous with buttress and is often used when referring to dams, retaining walls and other structures holding back earth. Early examples of buttresses are found on the Eanna Temple (ancient Uruk), dating to as early as the 4th millennium BC. Terminology In addition to flying and ordinary buttresses, brick and masonry buttresses that support wall corners can be classified according to their ground plan. A clasping or clamped buttress has an L-shaped ground plan surrounding the corner, an angled buttress has two buttresses meeting at the corner, a setback buttress is similar to an angled buttress but the buttresses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sophia Of Bavaria
Sophia Euphemia of Bavaria (; ; 1376 – 4 November 1428In a Munich archive, letters of Sophia from the years 1422–1427 have been found. B. Kopičková, Mnichovský fascikl č. 543. Korespondence královny Žofie z období březen 1422 – prosinec 1427. In: ''Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica'' 8, 2001, s. 121–138.) was a Queen consort, Queen of Bohemia and the spouse of Wenceslaus, King of the Romans, Wenceslaus, King of Bohemia and King of the Romans. She was briefly interim regent of Bohemia after the death of Wenceslaus in 1419. Early life Sophia was a member of the House of Wittelsbach and was the youngest child and only daughter of John II, Duke of Bavaria, and his spouse Catherine of Gorizia. Sophia's two brothers were Ernest, Duke of Bavaria, and William III, Duke of Bavaria. Her paternal grandparents were Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria and his first wife Elisabeth of Sicily (1310–1349), Elisabetta of Sicily, daughter of Frederick III of Sicily and Eleanor of Anjou. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dowry Town
Dowry town () was a town that had been devoted by a List of Bohemian monarchs, Bohemian king to his wife – the queen consort. This was sometimes indicated by the name of the town, as in the case of Hradec Králové (''Castle of the Queen''), Dvůr Králové nad Labem (''Court of the Queen on the Elbe'') or Městec Králové (''Townlet of the Queen''). Other well-known Czech dowry towns are: Mělník, Chrudim, Jaroměř, Nový Bydžov, Polička, Trutnov and Vysoké Mýto. History All these towns had been bequeathed by Bohemian kings to their wives since the beginning of the 14th century. Most of them are located in eastern Bohemia. * Hradec Králové, Chrudim and Vysoké Mýto were given to Elizabeth Richeza of Poland, Elizabeth Richeza by Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, Wenceslaus II, later Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV donated them to Elizabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330), Elizabeth of Pomerania. * Other towns were donated later, the last one being Nový Bydžov in 1569. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mascaron Cathedral Of The Holly Spirit Hradec Králové
Mascaron may refer to: * Mascaron (architecture), a decorative element in the form of a sculpted face or head of a human being or an animal * Jules Mascaron Jules Mascaron (1634–1703) was a popular French preacher. He was born in Marseille as the son of a barrister at Aix-en-Provence. He entered the Oratory of Jesus early and became reputed as a preacher. Paris confirmed the judgment of the provin ..., French preacher {{Disambig, surname Surnames of French origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baroque Architecture
Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the late 16th century and gradually spread across Europe. It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means to combat the Reformation and the Protestantism, Protestant church with a new architecture that inspired surprise and awe. It reached its peak in the High Baroque (1625–1675), when it was used in churches and palaces in Italy, Spain, Portugal, France, Bavaria and Austria. In the Late Baroque period (1675–1750), it reached as far as Russia, the Ottoman Baroque architecture, Ottoman Empire and the Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish and Portuguese colonization of the Americas, Portuguese colonies in Latin America. In about 1730, an even more elaborately decorative variant called Rococo appeared and flourished in Central Europe. Baroque architects took the basic elements of Renaissance architecture, including domes and colonnades, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matěj Rejsek
Matěj Rejsek or Matthias Rejsek (around 1445, Prostějov – 1 July 1506, Kutná Hora) was a Czech stonemason, sculptor, builder and architect of the Late Gothic style. Life Matěj Rejsek was born probably in 1445 in Prostějov (either in Bohemian Prostějov or in Moravian Prostějov). As a young man he came to Prague to study at the Faculty of Arts at the Charles University in Prague. He finished his studies in 1469 as a bachelor and became the rector and teacher at the parish school of the Church of Our Lady before Týn in the Old Town of Prague. He built some houses in Prague. One of his most famous works is the Powder Tower which was built as a representative gate of the Old Town of Prague after 1475. Matěj Rejsek became the main builder of the tower in 1478. His work was inspired by Petr Parler's work. In 1489 he moved to Kutná Hora where he worked at the completion of the St. Barbara's Church. Rejsek began to build the outer supporting system, triforium and vaul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ribs Of Cathedral Of The Holly Spirit
The rib cage or thoracic cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrates that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protect the vital organs of the thoracic cavity, such as the heart, lungs and great vessels and support the shoulder girdle to form the core part of the axial skeleton. A typical human thoracic cage consists of 12 pairs of ribs and the adjoining costal cartilages, the sternum (along with the manubrium and xiphoid process), and the 12 thoracic vertebrae articulating with the ribs. The thoracic cage also provides attachments for extrinsic skeletal muscles of the neck, upper limbs, upper abdomen and back, and together with the overlying skin and associated fascia and muscles, makes up the thoracic wall. In tetrapods, the rib cage intrinsically holds the muscles of respiration (diaphragm, intercostal muscles, etc.) that are crucial for active inhalation and forced exhalation, and therefore has a major ventilatory function in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nave
The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type building, the strict definition of the term "nave" is restricted to the central aisle. In a broader, more colloquial sense, the nave includes all areas available for the lay worshippers, including the side-aisles and transepts.Cram, Ralph Adams Nave The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. Accessed 13 July 2018 Either way, the nave is distinct from the area reserved for the choir and clergy. Description The nave extends from the entry—which may have a separate vestibule (the narthex)—to the chancel and may be flanked by lower side-aisles separated from the nave by an arcade. If the aisles are high and of a width comparable to the central nave, the structure is sometimes said to have three nave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Žižka
Jan Žižka z Trocnova a Kalicha (; 1360 – 11 October 1424) was a Czechs, Czech military leader and Knight who was a contemporary and follower of Jan Hus, and a prominent Radical Hussite who led the Taborites, Taborite faction during the Hussite Wars. Renowned for his exceptional military skill, Žižka is celebrated as a Czech Folk hero, national hero. Žižka led the Hussite forces in battles against three crusades and remained undefeated throughout his military career. Žižka was born in the village of Borovany, Trocnov, located in the Kingdom of Bohemia, into a family of lower Czech nobility. According to Piccolomini's ''Historia Bohemica'', he maintained connections within the royal court during his youth and later held the office of Chamberlain (office), Chamberlain to Queen Sofia of Bavaria. He fought in the Battle of Grunwald (15 July 1410), where he defended Radzyń Chełmiński, Radzyń against the Teutonic Knights, Teutonic Order. Later, he played a prominent rol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambrož Hradecký
Ambrož Hradecký ( or ; died 16 October 1439, in Kolín) was a Czech priest, preacher and political leader from the Kingdom of Bohemia in the era of the Hussite Wars. Life Ambrož is first mentioned in 1419 as pastor of the Holy Spirit Cathedral in the East Bohemian town of Hradec Králové (). Queen Sofia and her burgrave had him driven out of town, because he supported the Hussite cause. In the spring of 1420, Ambrož and Diviš Bořek of Miletínka mobilized a crowd on mount Oreb and lead the crowd to Prague, which was threatened by King Sigismund, scorching and burning the area they travelled through, and destroying the monastery of Münchengrätz, ostensibly in support of the rebels. In June the Orebites, as they called themselves, conquered Hradec Králové and Ambrož was reinstated in his parish. Under his leadership, the city turned into a center of the Hussite movement. Even Jan Zizka, the leader of the Hussites, came to Ambrož for advice about his conflicts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hussite Wars
The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, and European monarchs loyal to the Catholic Church, as well as various Hussite factions. At a late stage of the conflict, the Utraquists changed sides in 1432 to fight alongside Roman Catholics and opposed the Taborites and other Hussite factions. These wars lasted from 1419 to approximately 1434. The unrest began after pre-Protestant Christian reformer Jan Hus was executed by the Catholic Church in 1415 for heresy. Because Sigismund had plans to be crowned the Holy Roman Emperor (requiring papal coronation), he suppressed the religion of the Hussites, yet it continued to spread. When King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia, brother of Sigismund, died of natural causes a few years later, the tension stemming from the Hussites grew stronger. In Prague ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
