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COSMIC (desktop Environment)
COSMIC, an acronym for Computer Operating System Main Interface Components, is a Free and open-source software, free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. COSMIC was originally the name of a modified version of GNOME made specifically for Pop!_OS. It is now a standalone desktop environment built from scratch using the iced GUI Library. History Computer manufacturer System76 announced in 2021 that it would be creating a new desktop environment, not based on any existing software. This desktop environment would be written in Rust (programming language), Rust and developed to be similar to GNOME. System76 cited limitations with GNOME extensions, as well as disagreements with GNOME developers on the desktop experience, as reasons to build a new desktop environment. The first alpha release, branded as "Epoch," released on August 8, 2024. The second Epoch alpha released on September 24, 2024. It added more pages to the settings applic ...
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Cosmic Logo Neutral + Gradient Full
Cosmic commonly refers to: * The cosmos, a concept of the universe Cosmic may also refer to: Media * ''Cosmic'' (album), an album by Bazzi, 2018 * ''Cosmic'' (EP), by Red Velvet, 2024 * Cosmic (song), a song by Red Velvet * Cosmic (TV series), a Czech science fiction sitcom * Afro/cosmic music * "Cosmic", a song by Avenged Sevenfold from the album '' Life Is But a Dream...'' * "Cosmic", a song by Kylie Minogue from the album '' X'' * CosM.i.C, a member of the Swedish rap group Looptroop Rockers * ''Cosmic'', an album by Thomas Anders Science * An electronic medical record software developed by Cambio * Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate * COSMIC cancer database * COSMIC functional size measurement Other uses * Cosmic Top Secret, a category of classified information used by NATO * Cosmic ocean, a mythological motif * COSMIC (desktop environment), a desktop environment developed by System76 See also * Cosmic background (disamb ...
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Bluetooth
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances and building personal area networks (PANs). In the most widely used mode, transmission power is limited to 2.5 milliwatts, giving it a very short range of up to . It employs Ultra high frequency, UHF radio waves in the ISM bands, from 2.402GHz to 2.48GHz. It is mainly used as an alternative to wired connections to exchange files between nearby portable devices and connect cell phones and music players with wireless headphones, wireless speakers, HIFI systems, car audio and wireless transmission between TVs and soundbars. Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has more than 35,000 member companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE standardized Bluetooth as IEEE 802.15.1 but no longer maintains ...
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Vulkan
Vulkan is a cross-platform API and open standard for 3D graphics and computing. It was intended to address the shortcomings of OpenGL, and allow developers more control over the GPU. It is designed to support a wide variety of GPUs, CPUs and operating systems, and it is also designed to work with modern multi-core CPUs. Microsoft supports Vulkan 1.2 (and more) on Windows 10 and 11, with a downloadable compatibility pack. Overview Vulkan targets high-performance real-time 3D-graphics applications, such as video games and interactive media, and highly parallelized computing. Vulkan is intended to offer higher performance and more efficient CPU and GPU usage compared to the older OpenGL and Direct3D 11 APIs. It does so by providing a considerably lower-level API for the application than the older APIs, that more closely resembles how modern GPUs work. Vulkan is comparable to Apple's Metal API and Microsoft's Direct3D 12. In addition to its lower CPU usage, Vulkan is design ...
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File Archiver
In computing, a file archiver is utility software that combines computer file, files into a single archive file or in less common cases, multiple files. A minimally designed archiver might concatenate the content of files along with file file name, name and length. A more advanced archiver stores additional metadata, such as the Timestamping (computing), timestamps, file attributes and access control information. An archiver might lossless data compression, compress input file content to reduce the size of the resulting archive. The process of making an archive file is called ''archiving'' or ''packing''. Reconstructing the original files from an archive is called ''unarchiving'', ''unpacking'' or ''extracting''. Multics In the early days of computing, Multics provided the command a basic archiver without compression that descended from the Compatible Time-Sharing System, CTSS command of the same name. Multics also provided a magnetic tape archiver command, , which was perha ...
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Alacritty
Alacritty is a free and open-source GPU-accelerated terminal emulator focused on performance and simplicity. Consequently, it does not support tabs or splits and is configured by editing a text file. It is written in Rust and uses OpenGL. History Joe Wilm announced Alacritty in his blog on 6 January 2017. He describes it as "the result of frustration with existing terminal emulators. Using vim inside tmux in many terminals was a particularly bad experience. None of them were ever quite fast enough". He found urxvt and st difficult to configure and criticized their "inability to run on non-X11 platforms". With the release of version 0.2.0 in September 2018 Alacritty gained support for scrollback. In version 0.3.0, released in April 2019, Alacritty entered beta stage and support for Windows, text reflow, and clicking on URLs was added. In version 0.5.0, released in July 2020, a mode with vi keybindings for searching and copying text was added. In version 0.6.0, release ...
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Emoji
An emoji ( ; plural emoji or emojis; , ) is a pictogram, logogram, ideogram, or smiley embedded in text and used in electronic messages and web pages. The primary function of modern emoji is to fill in emotional cues otherwise missing from typed conversation as well as to replace words as part of a logographic system. Emoji exist in various genres, including facial expressions, expressions, activity, food and drinks, celebrations, flags, objects, symbols, places, types of weather, animals, and nature. Originally meaning pictograph, the word ''emoji'' comes from Japanese  + ; the resemblance to the English words ''emotion'' and ''emoticon'' is False cognate, purely coincidental. The first emoji sets were created by Japanese portable electronic device companies in the late 1980s and the 1990s. Emoji became increasingly popular worldwide in the 2010s after Unicode began encoding emoji into the Unicode Standard. They are now considered to be a large part of popular culture ...
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Ligature (writing)
In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes or letters are joined to form a single glyph. Examples are the characters and used in English and French, in which the letters and are joined for the first ligature and the letters and are joined for the second ligature. For stylistic and legibility reasons, and are often merged to create (where the tittle on the merges with the hood of the ); the same is true of and to create . The common ampersand, , developed from a ligature in which the handwritten Latin letters and (spelling , Latin for 'and') were combined. History The earliest known script Sumerian cuneiform and Egyptian hieratic both include many cases of character combinations that gradually evolve from ligatures into separately recognizable characters. Other notable ligatures, such as the Brahmic abugidas and the Germanic bind rune, figure prominently throughout ancient manuscripts. These new glyphs emerge alongside the prolife ...
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Bidirectional Text
A bidirectional text contains two text directionalities, right-to-left (RTL) and left-to-right (LTR). It generally involves text containing different types of alphabets, but may also refer to boustrophedon, which is changing text direction in each row. An example is the RTL Hebrew name Sarah: , spelled sin (ש) on the right, resh (ר) in the middle, and heh (ה) on the left. Many computer programs failed to display this correctly, because they were designed to display text in one direction only. Some so-called right-to-left scripts such as the Persian script and Arabic are mostly, but not exclusively, right-to-left—mathematical expressions, numeric dates and numbers bearing units are embedded from left to right. That also happens if text from a left-to-right language such as English is embedded in them; or vice versa, if Arabic is embedded in a left-to-right script such as English. Bidirectional script support Bidirectional script support is the capability of a comput ...
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App Store
An app store, also called an app marketplace or app catalog, is a type of digital distribution platform for computer software called applications, often in a mobile context. Apps provide a specific set of functions which, by definition, do not include the running of the computer itself. Complex software developed for personal computers may have a corresponding mobile app optimized for the device’s constraints. Today apps are normally designed to run on a specific mobile operating system—such as the contemporary iOS, iPadOS, Windows Phone Windows Phone (WP) is a discontinued mobile operating system developed by Microsoft Mobile for smartphones as the replacement successor to Windows Mobile and Zune. Windows Phone featured a new user interface derived from the Metro design languag ..., or Android (operating system), Android—but in the past mobile carriers had their own portals for apps and related media content. An app store can be thought as a restricted, commercial ve ...
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File Manager
A file manager or file browser is a computer program that provides a user interface to manage computer files, files and folder (computing), folders. The most common Computer file#Operations, operations performed on files or groups of files include creating, opening (e.g. file viewer, viewing, playing, editing or computer printer, printing), renaming, file copying, copying, Computer file#Moving methods, moving, file deletion, deleting and searching for files, as well as modifying file attributes, properties and file permissions. Folder (computing), Folders and files may be displayed in a tree structure, hierarchical tree based on their directory structure. Features File transfer Graphical user interface, Graphical file managers may support copying and moving of files through "copy and paste" and "cut and paste" respectively, as well as through drag and drop, and a separate menu for selecting the target path. While transferring files, a file manager may show the source and de ...
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Terminal Emulator
A terminal emulator, or terminal application, is a computer program that emulates a video terminal within some other display architecture. Though typically synonymous with a shell or text terminal, the term ''terminal'' covers all remote terminals, including graphical interfaces. A terminal emulator inside a graphical user interface is often called a terminal window. A terminal window allows the user access to a text terminal and all its applications such as command-line interfaces (CLI) and text user interface (TUI) applications. These may be running either on the same machine or on a different one via telnet, ssh, dial-up, or over a direct serial connection. On Unix-like operating systems, it is common to have one or more terminal windows connected to the local machine. Terminals usually support a set of escape sequences for controlling color, cursor position, etc. Examples include the family of terminal control sequence standards that includes ECMA-48, ANSI X3.64, ...
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Text Editor
A text editor is a type of computer program that edits plain text. An example of such program is "notepad" software (e.g. Windows Notepad). Text editors are provided with operating systems and software development packages, and can be used to change files such as configuration files, documentation files and programming language source code. Plain text and rich text There are important differences between plain text (created and edited by text editors) and rich text (such as that created by word processors or desktop publishing software). Plain text exclusively consists of character representation. Each character is represented by a fixed-length sequence of one, two, or four bytes, or as a variable-length sequence of one to four bytes, in accordance to specific character encoding conventions, such as ASCII, ISO/IEC 2022, ISO/IEC 2022, Shift JIS, UTF-8, or UTF-16. These conventions define many printable characters, but also whitespace character, non-printing characters th ...
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