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98th United States Congress
The 98th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1983, to January 3, 1985, during the third and fourth years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1980 U.S. census. The Republicans maintained control of the Senate, while the Democrats increased their majority in the House of Representatives from the 97th Congress. Major events *February 24, 1983: A special commission of the Congress released a report critical of the practice of Japanese internment during World War II. *March 23, 1983: President Ronald Reagan made his Strategic Defense Initiative proposal. *April 18, 1983: U.S. Embassy bombed in Beirut, killing 63 people. *October 23, 1983: Simultaneous suicide truck-bombings destroyed both the French and the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Capitol
The United States Capitol, often called the Capitol or the Capitol Building, is the Seat of government, seat of the United States Congress, the United States Congress, legislative branch of the Federal government of the United States, federal government. It is located on Capitol Hill at the eastern end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C. Although no longer at the geographic center of the Geography of Washington, D.C., national capital, the U.S. Capitol forms the origin point for the street-numbering system of the district as well as Quadrants of Washington, D.C., its four quadrants. Like the principal buildings of the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive and Federal judiciary of the United States, judicial branches, the Capitol is built in a neoclassical architecture, neoclassical style and has a white exterior. Central sections of the present building were completed in 1800. These were partly destroyed in the Burning of Washington, 1814 Burni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1983 Beirut Barracks Bombing
On October 23, 1983, two truck bombs were detonated at buildings in Beirut, Lebanon, housing American and French service members of the Multinational Force in Lebanon (MNF), a military peacekeeping operation during the Lebanese Civil War. The attack killed 307 people: 241 U.S. and 58 French military personnel, six civilians, and two attackers. Early that Sunday morning, the first suicide bomber detonated a truck bomb at the building serving as a barracks for the 1st Battalion 8th Marines (Battalion Landing Team – BLT 1/8) of the 2nd Marine Division, killing 220 marines, 18 sailors and three soldiers, making this incident the deadliest single-day death toll for the United States Marine Corps since the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II and the deadliest single-day death toll for the United States Armed Forces since the first day of the Tet Offensive in the Vietnam War. Another 128 Americans were wounded in the blast. 13 later died of their injuries, and they are counted a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drug Price Competition And Patent Term Restoration Act
The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act (Public Law 98-417), informally known as the Hatch-Waxman Act, is a 1984 United States federal law that established the modern system of generic drug regulation in the United States. The Act's two main goals are to facilitate entry of generic drugs into the market and to compensate the original drug developers for regulatory delays by the Food and Drug Administration. It is generally believed that the Act accomplished both goals: encouraging development of new medications and accelerating market entry of generics. Representative Henry Waxman of California and Senator Orrin Hatch of Utah sponsored the act. Background Although the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act made it possible for generic companies to get regulatory approval for drugs by filing an Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA), in the early 1980s it became clear that very few generics were coming to market. Congress studied the issue and realized t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equal Access Act
The Equal Access Act is a United States federal law passed as Title VIII of the Education for Economic Security Act in 1984 to compel federally funded public secondary schools to provide equal access to extracurricular student clubs. Lobbied for by Christian groups who wanted to ensure students the right to conduct Bible study programs during lunch and after school, it is also essential in litigation regarding the right of students to form gay–straight alliances; and to form groups focused on any religion or on secularism. The Equal Access Act mandates public schools provide equal access to extracurricular school clubs. Intent of the Act The Act provides that if a school receives federal aid and has a "limited open forum," or at least one student-led ''non-curriculum'' club that meets outside of class time, it must allow additional such clubs to be organized, and must give them equal access to meeting spaces and school publications. Exceptions can be made for groups that "mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Minimum Drinking Age Act
The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 () was passed by the United States Congress and was later signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on July 17, 1984. The act punished any state that allowed persons under 21 years to purchase alcoholic beverages by reducing its annual federal highway apportionment by 10 percent. The law was later amended, lowering the penalty to 8 percent from fiscal year 2012 and beyond. Despite its name, this act did not outlaw the ''consumption'' of alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age, just their purchase or public possession. However, Alabama, Arkansas, Idaho, New Hampshire, and West Virginia, extended the law into an outright ban. The minimum purchase and drinking ages is a state law, and most states still permit "underage" consumption of alcohol in some circumstances. In some states, no restriction on private consumption is made, while in other states, consumption is only allowed in specific locations, in the presence of consen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act Of 1984
The Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act of 1984 is a United States statute establishing a system to further the utilization of satellite imagery data obtained from Earth observation satellites located in a geocentric orbit above the atmosphere of Earth. The H.R. 5155 legislation was passed by the 98th U.S. Congressional session and enacted into law by the 40th President of the United States Ronald Reagan on July 17, 1984. Titles of the Act Title 15 United States Code Chapter 68 was authored as seven titles based on U.S. Congressional findings, policies, and purposes as in accordance with the existing Landsat program and Space law. :Title I: Declaration of Findings, Purposes, and Policies - ''15 U.S.C. §§ 4201-4204'' :Title II: Operation and Data Marketing of Landsat System - ''15 U.S.C. §§ 4211-4215'' :Title III: Provision of Data Continuity after the Landsat System - ''15 U.S.C. §§ 4221-4227'' :Title IV: Licensing of Private Remote-Sensing Space Systems - ''15 U.S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shipping Act Of 1984
The U.S. Shipping Act, was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on March 20, 1984. The purpose of the Act was to: (1) establish a nondiscriminatory regulatory process for the common carriage of goods by water in the foreign commerce of the United States with a minimum of government intervention and regulatory costs; (2) provide an efficient and economic transportation system in the ocean commerce of the United States that is, insofar as possible, in harmony with, and responsive to, international shipping practices; (3) encourage the development of an economically sound and efficient liner fleet of vessels of the United States capable of meeting national security needs; and (4) promote the growth and development of United States exports through competitive and efficient ocean transportation and by placing a greater reliance on the marketplace. Amendment to 1984 Act The Shipping Act was amended with the enactment of the Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998. The 105th United Stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Luther King Jr
Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister, civil and political rights, civil rights activist and political philosopher who was a leader of the civil rights movement from 1955 until Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., his assassination in 1968. He advanced civil rights for people of color in the United States through the use of nonviolent resistance and nonviolent civil disobedience against Jim Crow laws and other forms of legalized discrimination in the United States, discrimination. A Black church leader, King participated in and led marches for the right to vote, Desegregation in the United States, desegregation, labor rights, and other civil rights. He oversaw the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott and became the first president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). As president of the SCLC, he led the unsuccessful Albany Movement in Albany, Georgia, and helped organize nonviol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extra-Long Staple Cotton Act Of 1983
The Extra-Long Staple Cotton Act of 1983 (P.L. 98–88) eliminated marketing quotas and allotments for extra-long staple cotton and tied its support to upland cotton through a formula that set the nonrecourse loan rate at not less than 150% of the upland cotton loan level. The act amended the Agricultural Act of 1949 to set forth new Extra-Long Staple cotton program provisions and Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 to add Extra-Long Staple cotton to the $50,000 payment limitation for the payments which a person received under commodity programs. The act was sponsored by Kika de la Garza. References * {{Authority control 1983 in American law 98th United States Congress United States federal agriculture legislation Cotton industry in the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Security Amendments Of 1983
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian ''Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl Marx,Morrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'' human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reproduci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 United States House Of Representatives Elections
The 1984 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives on November 6, 1984, to elect members to serve in the 99th United States Congress. They coincided with the re-election of President Ronald Reagan in a landslide. This victory also yielded gains for Reagan's Republican Party in the House, where they picked up a net of sixteen seats from the Democratic Party. Despite Reagan's extremely large electoral victory, the Democrats nonetheless retained a commanding majority in the House and actually gained seats in the Senate. These elections were the last until 2020 when a member of a political party other than the Democrats, Republicans, or an independent had one or more seats in the chamber. This would be the last time for eight years that the Democrats experienced a net loss of seats in the House. Overall results 411 incumbent members sought reelection, but 3 were defeated in primaries and 16 defeated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 United States Senate Elections
The 1984 United States Senate elections were held on November 6, with the 33 seats of Class 2 contested in regular elections. They coincided with the landslide re-election of President Ronald Reagan in the presidential election. In spite of the lopsided presidential race, Reagan's Republican Party suffered a net loss of two Senate seats to the Democrats, although it retained control of the Senate with a reduced 53–47 majority. Democrats defeated incumbents in Illinois and Iowa, and won an open seat in Tennessee, while Republicans defeated an incumbent in Kentucky. This was the first time since 1972 that Democrats gained Class 2 Senate seats. Results summary Source: Office of the Clerk Gains, losses, and holds Retirements Two Republicans and two Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election. Defeats Two Republicans and one Democrat sought re-election but lost in the general election. Post-election changes Change in composition Before the elections ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
