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British NVC Community W11
__NOTOC__ NVC community W11 (''Quercus petraea - Betula pubescens - Oxalis acetosella'' woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of the six communities falling in the "mixed deciduous and oak/birch woodlands" group. This is a widespread upland community of northern and western Britain. There are four subcommunities. Community composition The following constant species are found in this community: * Silver Birch (''Betula pendula'') / Downy Birch (''Betula pubescens'') * Common Bent (''Agrostis capillaris'') * Sweet Vernal-grass (''Anthoxanthum odoratum'') * Wavy Hair-grass (''Deschampsia flexuosa'') * Heath Bedstraw (''Galium saxatile'') * Creeping Soft-grass (''Holcus mollis'') * Wood-sorrel (''Oxalis acetosella'') * Tormentil (''Potentilla erecta'') * Bracken Bracken (''Pteridium'') is a genus of large, coarse ferns in the family Dennstaedtiaceae. Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quercus Petraea
''Quercus petraea'', commonly known as the sessile oak, Cornish oak, Irish Oak or durmast oak, is a species of oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland, and an unofficial emblem in Wales and Cornwall. Description The sessile oak is a large deciduous tree up to tall, in the white oak section of the genus (''Quercus'' sect. ''Quercus'') and similar to the pedunculate oak (''Q. robur''), with which it overlaps extensively in range. The leaves are long and broad, evenly lobed with five to six lobes on each side and a petiole. The male flowers are grouped into catkins, produced in the spring. The fruit is an acorn long and broad, which matures in about six months. Comparison with pedunculate oak Significant botanical differences from pedunculate oak (''Q. robur'') include the stalked leaves, and the stalkless (sessile) acorns from which one of its common names is derived. It occurs in upl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wood-sorrel
''Oxalis'' ( (American English) or (British English)) is a large genus of flowering plants in the wood-sorrel family Oxalidaceae, comprising over 550 species. The genus occurs throughout most of the world, except for the polar areas; species diversity is particularly rich in tropical Brazil, Mexico, and South Africa. Many of the species are known as wood sorrels (sometimes written "woodsorrels" or "wood-sorrels") as they have an acidic taste reminiscent of the sorrel proper (''Rumex acetosa''), which is only distantly related. Some species are called yellow sorrels or pink sorrels after the color of their flowers instead. Other species are colloquially known as false shamrocks, and some called sourgrasses. For the genus as a whole, the term oxalises is also used. Description and ecology These plants are annual or perennial. The leaves are divided into three to ten or more obovate and top-notched leaflets, arranged palmately with all the leaflets of roughly equal size. The majo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British NVC Community W10
__NOTOC__ NVC community W10 (''Quercus robur - Pteridium aquilinum - Rubus fruticosus'' woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system. It is one of the six communities falling in the "mixed deciduous and oak/birch woodlands" group. This is a widely distributed community, except in Scotland. There are five subcommunities. Community composition Four constant species are found in this community: * English Oak (''Quercus robur'') * Honeysuckle (''Lonicera periclymenum'') * Bracken (''Pteridium aquilinum'') * Bramble (''Rubus fruticosus'' agg.) No rare species are also associated with the community. Distribution This community is widespread throughout lowland areas of England and Wales. It extends into lowland southern and eastern areas of Scotland, but in the west, it is replaced by community W11. Subcommunities There are five subcommunities: * the so-called typical subcommunity * the ''Anemone nemorosa'' subcommunity * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Tamarisk-moss
''Thuidium tamariscinum'' is a species of moss belonging to the family Thuidiaceae. It has an almost cosmopolitan distribution. In a study of the effect of the herbicide Asulam Asulam is a herbicide invented by May & Baker Ltd , internally called M&B9057, that is used in horticulture and agriculture to kill bracken Bracken (''Pteridium'') is a genus of large, coarse ferns in the family Dennstaedtiaceae. Ferns (Pt ... on moss growth, ''Thuidium tamariscinum'' was shown to have intermediate sensitivity to Asulam exposure. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q1777800 Hypnales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Springy Turf-moss
''Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus'' is a species of moss known as springy turf-moss in the United Kingdom, and square goose neck moss in the United States. It is widespread in Eurasia and North America, and has been introduced to the Southern Hemisphere. It has broad ecological tolerances, and is usually found in man-made habitats such as lawns and golf courses. It is most closely related to '' R. subpinnatus'', with which it is often confused. Description ''Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus'' grows as an extensive mat of branching stems, up to tall, sheathed in leaves that are long and bend sharply back at a right angle, and thus spread outwards from the stem. The leaf bases are broad and include a pair of short nerves. The plant rarely produces capsules, so most of the species' reproduction is asexual. Distribution ''Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus'' has a circumpolar distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, being found across much of Eurasia, and parts of North America, including British C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neat Feather-moss
''Pseudoscleropodium purum'', or neat feather-moss, is a species of moss and the sole representative of the genus ''Pseudoscleropodium''. Description The species is described as having a pleurocarpous growth habit that forms soft carpets or turfs. It has regularly pinnate shoots up to 15 cm long. Branching may become irregular when growing on disturbed sites, such as mowed lawns. Branches are usually between 1 and 3 cm in length. The shoots of have a swollen appearance which is especially pronounced when moist. The leaves are yellow-green to dark green and are broadly ovate. They are distinctly recurved at the tip and have a single costa that extends midleaf. Stem leaves are between 2 mm and 2.5 mm in length, while branch leaves are slightly smaller and are found to be between 1 and 2 mm in length. The moss mainly propagates vegetatively, with sporophytes rarely being observed. The seta is relatively long, ranging between 2 and 5 cm. Sporophytes are not known to occur in Nort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glittering Wood-moss
''Hylocomium splendens'', commonly known as glittering woodmoss, splendid feather moss, stairstep moss, and mountain fern moss, is a perennial clonal moss with a widespread distribution in Northern Hemisphere boreal forests. It is commonly found in Europe, Russia, Alaska and Canada, where it is often the most abundant moss species. It also grows in the Arctic tundra and further south at higher elevations in, for example, northern California, western Sichuan, East Africa, Australia, New Zealand and the West Indies. In Scotland it is a characteristic species of the Caledonian Forest. Under the UK's national vegetation classification system, pinewood community W18 is named as "Pinus sylvestris-Hylocomium splendens woodland", indicating its significance in this ecosystem."Hylocomium splendens: Mountain Fern Moss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Dog-violet
''Viola riviniana'', the common dog-violet, is a species of flowering plant in the family Violaceae, native to Eurasia and Africa. It is also called wood violet and dog violet. It inhabits woodland edges, grassland and shady hedge banks. It is found in all soils except those which are acid or very wet. Growing to tall and broad, this prostrate perennial has dark green, heart-shaped leaves and produces multiple violet coloured flowers in May and June. ''Viola riviniana'' was voted the county flower of Lincolnshire in 2002, following a poll by the wild plant conservation charity Plantlife. Distribution Common in Ireland and all the British Isles.Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968. ''Excursion Flora of the British Isles''. Cambridge University Press. Wildlife value It is the food plant of the pearl bordered fritillary, small pearl-bordered fritillary, silver-washed fritillary and high brown fritillary butterflies. It is a known host of the pathogenic fungus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracken
Bracken (''Pteridium'') is a genus of large, coarse ferns in the family Dennstaedtiaceae. Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells (eggs and sperm). Brackens are noted for their large, highly divided leaves. They are found on all continents except Antarctica and in all environments except deserts, though their typical habitat is moorland. The genus probably has the widest distribution of any fern in the world. The word ''bracken'' is of Old Norse origin, related to Swedish ''bräken'' and Danish ''bregne'', both meaning fern. In the past, the genus was commonly treated as having only one species, ''Pteridium aquilinum'', but the recent trend is to subdivide it into about ten species. Like other ferns, brackens do not have seeds or fruits, but the immature fronds, known as ''fiddleheads'', are sometimes eaten, although some are thought to be carcinogenic. Description an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tormentil
''Potentilla'' is a genus containing over 300Guillén, A., et al. (2005)Reproductive biology of the Iberian species of ''Potentilla'' L. (Rosaceae).''Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid'' 1(62) 9–21. species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. Potentillas may also be called cinquefoils in English, but they have also been called five fingers and silverweeds. Some species are called tormentils, though this is often used specifically for common tormentil (''P. erecta''). Others are referred to as barren strawberries, which may also refer to '' P. sterilis'' in particular, or to the closely related ''Waldsteinia fragarioides''. Several other cinquefoils formerly included here are now separated in distinct genera - notably the popular garden shrub ''P. fruticosa'', now '' Dasiphora fruticosa''. Potentillas are generally found throughout the northern continents of the world (holarctic), though some occur in montane biomes o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Creeping Soft-grass
''Holcus mollis'', known as creeping soft grass or creeping velvet grass, is a species of grass, native to Europe and western Asia. Description ''Holcus mollis'' is a rhizomatous perennial grass found in woods and hedgerows, growing to tall. It has rhizomes that occur around deep in soil or sometimes deeper. Rhizome growth occurs in the period May to November but is fastest from mid-June to mid-July. The rhizomes have many dormant buds that do not develop unless the rhizomes are disturbed and then fresh aerial shoots may arise from the broken fragments. It flowers from June to July. The main distinguishing characteristics from '' H. lanatus'' are the presence of rhizomes, and the bearded nodes or 'hairy knees' on the culm. Habitat ''Holcus mollis'' is favoured by conditions in woodland clearings and at the early stages of coppicing. Growth and flowering are restricted as the tree canopy develops. It is often a relict of former woodland vegetation, surviving in open grass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
