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Bésɨro Language
Chiquitano (also ''Bésɨro'' or ''Tarapecosi'') is an indigenous language isolate, possibly related to the Macro-Jê languages spoken in the central region of Santa Cruz Department of eastern Bolivia and the state of Mato Grosso in Brazil. Classification Chiquitano is usually considered to be a language isolate. Joseph Greenberg linked it to the Macro-Jê languages in his proposal, but the results of his study have been later questioned due to methodological flaws. Kaufman (1994) suggests a relationship with the Bororoan languages. Adelaar (2008) classifies Chiquitano as a Macro-Jê language, while Nikulin (2020) suggests that Chiquitano is rather a sister of Macro-Jê.Nikulin, Andrey. 2020. Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo'. Doctoral dissertation, University of Brasília. Varieties Mason (1950) Mason (1950) lists: *Chiquito **North (Chiquito) ***Manasí (Manacica) ***Penoki (Penokikia) ***Pinyoca; Kusikia ***Tao; Tabiica **Churapa Loukotka (1968) According to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, warm valleys, high-altitude Andean plateaus, and snow-capped peaks, encompassing a wide range of climates and biomes across its regions and cities. It includes part of the Pantanal, the largest tropical wetland in the world, along its eastern border. It is bordered by Brazil to the Bolivia-Brazil border, north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the Argentina-Bolivia border, south, Chile to the Bolivia–Chile border, southwest, and Peru to the west. The seat of government is La Paz, which contains the executive, legislative, and electoral branches of government, while the constitutional capital is Sucre, the seat of the judiciary. The largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located on the Geog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Rafael De Velasco
San Rafael de Velasco or San Rafael is the seat of the San Rafael Municipality in the José Miguel de Velasco Province, Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia. It is part of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos. In 1990 it was declared a World Heritage Site. History In 1695, the mission of San José was founded by Jesuit missionaries Juan Bautista Zea and Francisco Hervás. The mission was relocated and rebuilt multiple times due to epidemics (in 1701 and again in 1705) and fires (in 1719). In 1750, the mission was rebuilt yet again. Languages The Tao (Yúnkarirsh) dialect of Chiquitano was spoken in San Rafael. Today, Camba Spanish, which has many words from Chiquitano, is spoken in San Rafael. See also * List of Jesuit sites This list includes past and present buildings, facilities and institutions associated with the Society of Jesus. In each country, sites are listed in chronological order of start of Jesuit association. Nearly all these sites have be ... * List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otuke Language
Otuke (Otuque, Otuqui) is an extinct language of the Macro-Jê family, related to Bororo. Otuke territory included what is now the Otuquis National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area in eastern Bolivia. It is known from a wordlist recorded in 1831. The Kovareka ( Covareca) and Kuruminaka (Curuminaca) languages, both extinct and poorly known, were close to Otuke, and have sometimes been considered dialects. Etymology Combès (2012) suggests that -''toki'' ~ -''tuki'' ~ -''tuke'' (also present in the ethynonym ''Gorgotoqui'') is likely related to the Bororo animate plural suffix -''doge'' (i.e., used to form plural nouns for ethnic groups). Hence, the name ''Otuqui'' (''Otuke'') was likely etymologically related to the name ''Gorgotoqui''.Combès, Isabelle. 2012. Susnik y los gorgotoquis. Efervescencia étnica en la Chiquitania (Oriente boliviano), p. 201–220. ''Indiana'', v. 29. Berlín. Other varieties Loukotka (1968) Several attested extinct Bororoan varieties w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danubio River
Danubio Fútbol Club is a Uruguayan association football, football club based in Jardines del Hipódromo, Montevideo that currently plays in the Uruguayan Primera División. Founded in 1945, the club's home stadium is Jardines del Hipódromo María Mincheff de Lazaroff Stadium, Jardines del Hipódromo, which has a capacity of 19,450. History Danubio was founded by the Bulgarian-born brothers Mihail (Miguel) and Ivan (Juan) Lazaroff on 1 March 1932 together with other youths from the "Republica de Nicaragua" school in Montevideo. The club's name is a reference to the Danube river, the List of rivers of Europe, second-longest river in Europe. It was proposed by Mihail and Ivan's mother, María Mincheff de Lazaroff. Initially, she suggested the club be named after a different river in Bulgaria – Maritsa. However, the proposal was not approved, as the name was viewed as too feminine. Danubio won its first league title in 1988 Uruguayan Primera División, 1988 with a fantastic you ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorgotoqui Language
Gorgotoqui is a currently undocumented extinct language of the Chiquitania region of the eastern Bolivian lowlands. It may have been a Bororoan language. Spellings Alternate spellings include ''Borogotoqui, Brotoqui, Corocoqui, Corocotoqui, Corocotoquy, Corogotoqui, Corotoque, Gorgotaci, Gorgotoci, Gorgotoquci, Gorogotoqui, Guorcocoqui, Jorocotoqui, Korchkoki, Orotocoqui''. History During the period of the Jesuit missions to Chiquitos, Gorgotoqui was the most populous language in the area. It became a lingua franca and the sole language of the Jesuit missions (ICOMOS 1990:59). A Jesuit priest, Kaspar Rueß (Spanish: Gaspar Ruíz), 11 November 1585, Haunstadt, Bavaria – 12 April 1624, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia (O'Neill & María 2001:3432; Huonder 1899:121) wrote a grammar, but no-one has been able to locate it "in recent years" (Adelaar & Muysken 2004:32), and no other documentation has survived. Thus a language that was regionally important during the colonial era disap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San José De Chiquitos
San José de Chiquitos, or simply San José, is the capital of Chiquitos Province in the Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia. It is known as part of the '' Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos'', which is declared in 1990 a World Heritage Site, as a former Jesuit Reduction. The ruins of the mission of San Juan Bautista, one of the Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos, lie near the village of San Juan de Taperas in San José de Chiquitos Municipality. History In 1698, the mission of San José was founded by Jesuit missionaries Felipe Suárez and Fr. Dionisio Ávila. The mission hosted the Penoqui Indians. Languages Today, Camba Spanish is the most commonly used everyday language. In the past, the Penoqui dialect of Chiquitano was spoken at the mission of San José de Chiquitos. Climate See also * List of Jesuit sites This list includes past and present buildings, facilities and institutions associated with the Society of Jesus. In each country, sites are listed in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Javier, Ñuflo De Chávez
San Javier (San Francisco Xavier de los Piñocas or San Xavier) is the seat of San Javier Municipality in Ñuflo de Chávez Province, Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia. The mission of San Javier is known as part of the '' Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos'', declared in 1990 a World Heritage Site, as a former Jesuit Reduction. History In 1691, the mission of San Francisco Xavier was founded by Jesuit missionary José de Arce. The mission hosted the Piñoca Indians. In 1696, due to the incursion of Paulistas from Brazil, the mission was relocated to the San Miguel River. It was relocated again in 1698, this time closer to Santa Cruz, due to another Paulista incursion. In 1708, Spanish from Santa Cruz captured many Indians, and the mission had to be relocated away from Santa Cruz. Languages The Piñoco dialect of Chiquitano, now extinct, was spoken in San Javier. Today, Camba Spanish, which has many words from Piñoco, is spoken in San Javier. Climate See also * List of Jesuit s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concepción, Santa Cruz
Concepción is a town in the lowlands of eastern Bolivia. It is known as part of the ''Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos'', declared in 1990 a World Heritage Site, as a former Jesuit Reduction. Location Concepción is the capital of Ñuflo de Chávez Province in the Santa Cruz Department and is located at an elevation of 500 m above sea level, circa 250 kilometers northeast of Santa Cruz de la Sierra, the department's capital. History Concepción was founded in 1699 by Jesuits Francisco Lucas Caballero and Francisco Hervás. It served as a mission for the Christianization of the Chiquitano and Guaraní peoples. In 1722 the village moved to its present place, and in 1745 it was inhabited by circa 2,000 people of the ''Punasicas, Boococas, Tubasicas, Paicones, Puyzocas, Quimonecas, Quitemos, Napecas, Paunacas'' and '' Tapacuracas'' tribes. Between 1753 and 1756 the cathedral of Concepción was built (see photo), which still is the center of the blooming town. In 1766, Concepción ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santo Corazón
Santo Corazón is a village in San Matías Municipality in Ángel Sandoval Province, Santa Cruz Department, eastern Bolivia. The mission of Santo Corazón is one of the Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos. Santo Corazón has a population of 774 as of the 2012 census. History In 1760, the Jesuit Mission of Santo Corazón was founded by Jesuit missionaries Antonio Gaspar and José Chueca. Languages Today, Camba Spanish is the most commonly used everyday language. In the past, various dialects of Otuke, such as Coraveca (Curave, Ecorabe), were spoken at the mission of San José de Chiquitos. See also * List of Jesuit sites This list includes past and present buildings, facilities and institutions associated with the Society of Jesus. In each country, sites are listed in chronological order of start of Jesuit association. Nearly all these sites have be ... * List of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos References Populated places in Santa Cruz Department ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Juan De Taperas
San Juan de Taperas is a village in San José de Chiquitos Municipality in Chiquitos Province, Santa Cruz Department, Bolivia. The ruins of the mission of San Juan Bautista, one of the Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos, lie near the village. Since only the ruins of a stone tower survive near the present village of San Juan de Taperas, San Juan Bautista is not one of the six Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. San Juan de Taperas has a population of 832 as of the 2012 census. History The Jesuit mission of San Juan Bautista was initially founded in 1699 by the Jesuit missionaries Juan Bautista Zea and Juan Patricio Fernández after the mission of San José had grown too big. San Juan Bautista mission was inhabited by the indigenous Subereca, Peta, and Piñoca tribes. The mission was closed in 1705 due to an epidemic. The reduction would have needed to be relocated, but the Indians refused; hence the mission was closed. In 1713, the mission reo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
