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British Rail Unit Designations
The Southern Railway created classification and numbering systems for its large fleet of electric multiple units, perpetuated by the Southern Region of British Rail until the early 1980s, when the impact of TOPS was felt. Some stock is still allocated Southern-style classifications in a semi-official manner. Classification The early AC electric multiple units were referred to by a two-letter code. This was adapted for the DC third-rail system that was adopted by the Southern Railway, with units being given a three-letter code (sometimes two letters) prefixed by the number of cars in each unit, e.g. 4SUB for a four-car suburban unit. The Southern Region perpetuated this, and the same principles were adopted for diesel-electric multiple units but with single-letter codes. The last type to be officially allocated a designation in this series was the PEP stock of the early 1970s. Some types built since have been given semi-official designations in this style. ''This is different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Railway (UK)
The Southern Railway (SR), sometimes shortened to 'Southern', was a British railway company established in the Railways Act 1921, 1923 Grouping. It linked London with the English Channel, Channel ports, South West England, Seaside resort#British seaside resorts, South coast resorts and Kent. The railway was formed by the amalgamation of several smaller railway companies, the largest of which were the London and South Western Railway (LSWR), the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) and the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR).Bonavia (1987) pp. 26–28 The construction of what was to become the Southern Railway began in 1838 with the opening of the London and Southampton Railway, which was renamed the London & South Western Railway. The railway was noted for its astute use of public relations and a coherent management structure headed by Herbert Ashcombe Walker, Sir Herbert Walker. At , the Southern Railway was the smallest of the Big Four (British railway comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 445
The PEP (Prototype Electro Pneumatic Train) Stock were prototype electric multiple units used on British Rail's Southern Region of British Railways, Southern and Scottish Region of British Railways, Scottish Regions during the 1970s and early 1980s. They were forerunners of the British Rail ''List of British Rail electric multiple unit classes#Second generation, Second Generation'' electric multiple unit fleet. Three units were built, one two-car unit (2001), and two four-car units (4001/4002). Under TOPS, the driving cars were originally classified as Class 461 with the non-driving motor cars as Class 462. They were later reclassified as Class 445 (4PEP) and Class 446 (2PEP). Internal layout was for commuter services; low-backed, bus-style 2+2 seating in open saloons, wide Corridor connection, gangways with hanging straps, and no lavatory facilities. They were the first electric multiple units designed by British Rail with electric sliding doors, outside the Scottish Region o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 415
The British Rail Class 415 (or 4EPB) is a suburban 750 V DC third rail electric multiple unit commissioned by the Southern Region of British Railways. Built between 1951 and 1957, it became the most numerous class on the region after the withdrawal of the 4SUBs. The final trains were withdrawn in the 1990s, replaced by Class 455, 456, 465 and 466. The British Rail designation Class 415 was applied to a group of four coach, third rail electric multiple units constructed between 1951 and 1961 and in service from 1951 to 1995. Construction The 4EPB units (4-car Electro-Pneumatic Brake) were a development of the Southern Railway (SR) 4Sub design, but incorporating electro-pneumatic brakes, unit-to-unit buckeye couplings, roller blind headcode displays in place of the stencil holders used previously, a revised front and without external doors to the driver's cab – access was via the adjacent guard's compartment. There were motor-generators for the lighting and current c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 4DD
The SR Class 4DD was an experimental double-decker electric multiple unit built in 1949 and operated by the Southern Region of British Railways until 1971. Conceived by Oliver Bulleid for the Southern Railway's commuter line from London Charing Cross to Dartford, the two trains were the only double-decker trains to be used on the mainline railway network in Britain. Whilst commonly used in continental Europe and North America, the restrictive railway loading gauge in the United Kingdom prohibits normal double-decker trains with two fully separated decks. History The 4DD was more split-level than truly double-deck because the compartments were alternately high and low to ensure that the overall height of the train was exactly within the clearances necessary to safely pass through tunnels and under bridges. A mock-up was displayed at London Marylebone in 1949 shortly before it was first introduced into service,Archived aGhostarchiveand thWayback Machine but an assessment after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 450
The British Rail Class 450 ''Siemens Desiro, Desiro'' is a type of Third rail, third-rail Direct current, DC electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger train that entered service during 2003. Used for outer-suburban services, the units were built with both first- and standard-class accommodation. They have a maximum speed of . The ''Desiro UK'' family also includes units of Classes British Rail Class 185, 185, British Rail Class 350, 350, British Rail Class 360, 360, British Rail Class 380, 380 and British Rail Class 444, 444. Along with the Class 444 ''Desiro'', the Class 450 units are operated by South Western Railway. Introduction In April 2001, 785 vehicles were ordered by South West Trains in order to complete the replacement of its slam door trains, slam-door rolling stock, in accordance with its franchise commitment to do so by 2005, as the slam-door trains, many of which were more than 40 years old, did not meet modern health and safety requirements. Introduction to se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Locomotives Illustrated
''Modern Locomotives Illustrated'' (formerly ''Locomotives Illustrated'') was a British bi-monthly railway publication. History ''Locomotives Illustrated'' was founded in 1975 by Geoffrey Freeman Allen with the intention of creating a series of magazines, each issue dedicated to an individual class of British steam locomotive. By mid-2007, the magazine had covered almost every class of steam locomotive and the publishers, ''Locomotives Illustrated'' ended in early 2008 after 170 issues. Ian Allan Publishing, were keen to revamp it. Ian Allan approached Colin J Marsden, former editor of ''Railways Illustrated'', to take over the editorship and re-launch the magazine as ''Modern Locomotives Illustrated'' with a focus on modern diesel and electric locomotives and multiple units. and ''Modern Locomotives Illustrated'' began from issue 171 in May 2008. The publishers originally envisaged a run of 66 issues, which is expected to rise to closer to 80. The magazine is now published b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 413
The British Rail Class 413 (or 4-CAP) units were formed from 1982 by permanently coupling two Class 414 2-HAP units together. History The British Rail British Railways (BR), which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was a state-owned company that operated most rail transport in Great Britain from 1948 to 1997. Originally a trading brand of the Railway Executive of the British Transport Comm ... Class 413 (or 4-CAP) units were formed from 1982 by permanently coupling two Class 414 2-HAP units together, initially for East and West Coastway services from Brighton. There were two sub-classes of units: class 413/2, units 3201–3213, converted in 1982 from phase 1 2 HAP units 6001-6049. These units were formed DTCsoL - MBSO - MBSO - DTCsoL, with the former driving equipment of the DMBSO decommissioned, giving the new designation; and class 413/3, converted from the later phase 2 build units 6050–6173, units 3301–3311 (formed 1982, again with the MBSOs innermost) a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 404
The Southern Railway (SR) gave the designations 4-COR, 4-RES, 4-BUF and 4-GRI to the different types of electric multiple unit built to work the route between London Waterloo and Portsmouth Harbour. The 4-COR type units survived long enough in British Rail ownership to be allocated TOPS Class 404. The COR designation had previously been used for the 6-PUL units and was reused by them during World War II when the Pullman car was stored, but this stock was different from the 4-COR units. Phase 1 units The SR electrified the London Waterloo to Portsmouth Harbour via Woking line in the mid-1930s, and full electric services commenced over the route from April 1937. For this service, 29 4-COR units (4-car Corridor units, numbered 3101–3129) and 19 4-RES units (4-car Restaurant units, numbered 3054–3072) were built. Corridor connections were provided throughout each unit, including between units. This gave them a distinctive front-end appearance as the headcode display was place ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 411
The British Rail Class 411 (British Rail unit designations, 4CEP) electric multiple units were built at Eastleigh railway works, Eastleigh works from 1956–63 for the newly electrified main lines in Kent. These units, which used the British Railways Mark 1 bodyshell, were based on the earlier Southern Railway (UK), Southern Railway British Rail Class 404, 4 COR design, built in 1937. Variants of the class 411 design included the Class 410 and Class 412 4 BEP units, which contained a buffet car in place of a standard trailer. They were later used on services in Sussex and Hampshire; following the privatisation of British Rail in 1995, the units were used by the Connex South Central, Connex South Eastern and South West Trains franchises. They were replaced by British Rail Class 458, Juniper, Siemens Desiro, Desiro, and British Rail Class 375, Electrostar units. The fleet's lifespan was 49 years. These units are the longest-lived BR Mark 1 EMUs. Description A total of 133 units ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 486
The British Rail Class 485 (or 4Vec, later 5Vec) and British Rail Class 486 (or 3Tis, later 2Tis) electrical multiple units were originally built for the London Electric Railway from 1923-31 as its 'Standard' tube stock. They were purchased by British Rail in 1967 and transported to the Isle of Wight to work 'mainline' services on the newly electrified Ryde to Shanklin line, where they worked for an additional quarter of a century. At the time of their purchase the units had already worked for over 40 years on the London Underground, but their introduction allowed the last steam locomotives on the line to be withdrawn. History Six four-car sets and six three-car sets were refurbished by BR's Stewarts Lane depot in 1966-67. The four-car sets were initially classified Class 452 and numbered 041-046, later reclassified Class 485 and numbered 485041-046. Each unit was formed of a driving motor, two intermediate trailers, and a second driving motor. Thus, the formation was DM ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Rail Class 438
The British Rail British Rail unit designations, TC (Trailer Control) multiple units were unpowered fixed formations of 3 or 4 carriages with a driving position at each end of the set, converted by BR's Holgate Road carriage works from locomotive-hauled Mark 1 carriages in 1966–1967 and 1974. The units built on experience gained from the prototype British Rail Class 6Pul#6TC, 6TC unit. In time the 3 car units (3TC, numbered in the series 3xx) were reformed into four car units (4TC numbered in the series 4xx) to match the rest of the fleet and later classified as Class 442. This was later changed to Class 491, under which they spent the majority of their working lives. Shortly before withdrawal they were reclassified Class 438 and the units were renumbered to 8001-8034. Operation The units were primarily employed on services between London Waterloo railway station, London Waterloo and Weymouth railway station, Weymouth. One or two 4TC units would be propelled from London to Bour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SR Class 3Sub
The class 3SUB were DC suburban electric multiple units, introduced by the London and South Western Railway in 1915. They were constructed by the Southern Railway in the period up to 1939, and though the class designation 3SUB was not used by the Southern Railway, some authors refer to these units as 3SUB. When rebuilt to four cars in the 1940s, they became class 4SUB. Background The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LBSC) was the first of the three major companies that were to form the Southern Railway to electrify some of its lines in London. The lines were electrified at 6.7 kV 25 Hz AC, using overhead supply. Public services began on 1 December 1909. The London and South Western Railway (LSWR) electrified its lines on the third rail DC system. Public services began on 25 October 1915. In 1922, the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SECR) sought permission to electrify certain lines in London. On 1 January 1923, the LSBC, LSWR and SECR were merged into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
